粤照明B:2026年半年度报告(英文版)

粤照明B2026-08-25 00:00

摘要

1粤照明B发布2026年半年度报告(英文版)。
2报告期内,公司实现营业收入40.95亿元,同比下降6.63%;
3归母净利润4170.56万元,同比大幅下降63.73%;
4扣非净利润2325.43万元,同比下降78.08%。
5经营活动产生的现金流量净额为-1.17亿元,同比减少1290.48%,主要系子公司国星光电销售回款减少所致。
6公司不进行中期利润分配。
7业绩下滑主因毛利率下降、汇兑损失增加及子公司利润减少。

FOSHAN ELECTRICAL AND LIGHTING CO., LTD.

INTERIM REPORT 2026

August 2026

Part I Important Notes, Table of Contents and Definitions

The Board of Directors (or the “Board”) as well as the directors and senior management of Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the “Company”) hereby guarantee the factuality, accuracy and completeness of the contents of this Report and its summary, and shall be jointly and severally liable for any misrepresentations, misleading statements or material omissions therein.

Yu Zhongmin, the Company’s legal representative, Li Zehua, the Company’s person in charge of accounting work, and Li Yizhi, the Company’s person in charge of the accounting department (accounting supervisor) hereby guarantee that the Financial Statements carried in this Report are factual, accurate and complete.

All the Company’s directors have attended the Board meeting for the review of this Report and its summary.

The future plans and other forward-looking statements, as well as the cautionary statements mentioned in this Report shall not be considered as virtual promises of the Company to investors. And investors are kindly reminded to be well aware of possible risks.

The Company has described in detail in this Report the risk of macro-economic fluctuations and intensified market competition, the risk of rising raw material prices, the risk of exchange rate fluctuations, the risk of the recoverability of accounts receivable. Please refer to the section headed “Risks Facing the Company and Countermeasures” in Item X of Part III of this Report.

The Company does not intend to distribute cash dividends, issue bonus shares, or capitalize capital reserves into share capital for the Reporting Period.

This Report has been prepared in Chinese and translated into English. Should there be any discrepancies or misunderstandings between the two versions, the Chinese version shall prevail.

Table of Contents

  • Part I Important Notes, Table of Contents and Definitions...........................................................2
  • Part II Corporate Information and Key Financial Information................................................... 6
  • Part III Management Discussion and Analysis............................................................................... 9
  • Part IV Governance, Environmental and Social Information.....................................................44
  • Part V Significant Events.................................................................................................................47
  • Part VI Share Changes and Shareholder Information.................................................................71
  • Part VII Bonds..................................................................................................................................78
  • Part VIII Financial Statements.......................................................................................................79

Documents Available for Reference

  • 1. The financial statements signed and stamped by the Company’s legal representative, person

in charge of accounting work, and person in charge of the accounting department.

  • 2. The originals of all the Company’s announcements and documents disclosed to the public

during the Reporting Period on the media designated by the CSRC for information disclosure.

Definitions

TermDefinition
The “Company”, “listed company”, “FSL” or “we”Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries, except where the context otherwise requires
Rising Holdings GroupGuangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.
Electronics GroupGuangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.
Hong Kong Rising InvestmentRising Investment Development Limited
Hongkong Wah ShingHongkong Wah Shing Holding Company Limited
Rising CapitalGuangdong Rising Capital Investment Co., Ltd. (formerly known as “Guangdong Rising Finance Holding Co., Ltd.”)
Shenzhen Rising InvestmentShenzhen Rising Investment Development Co., Ltd.
NationStar OptoelectronicsFoshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.
NationStar SemiconductorFoshan NationStar Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd.
SigmaFoshan Sigma Venture Capital Co., Ltd.
Liaowang Auto LampNanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.
Fozhao HuaguangFozhao Huaguang (Maoming) Technology Co., Ltd.
Hule ElectricalZhejiang Hule Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
AirtrustGuangdong Airtrust Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd. (formerly known as “Beijing Airtrust Technology Co., Ltd.”)
Fenghua SemiconductorGuangdong Fenghua Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd. (formerly known as “Guangdong Yuejing High-tech Co., Ltd.”)
CSRCChina Securities Regulatory Commission
SZSEShenzhen Stock Exchange
Meeting of shareholdersMeeting of shareholders of Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd.
Board of DirectorsThe board of directors of Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd.
RMB, RMB’0,000, RMB’00,000,000Expressed in the Chinese currency of Renminbi, expressed in tens of thousands of Renminbi, expressed in hundreds of millions of Renminbi
Reporting PeriodThe period from January 1, 2026 to June 30, 2026
Same period of last yearThe period from January 1, 2025 to June 30, 2025

Part II Corporate Information and Key Financial Information

I Corporate Information

Stock nameFSL, FSL-BStock code000541/200541
Stock exchange for listingShenzhen Stock Exchange
Company name in Chinese佛山电器照明股份有限公司
Abbr.佛山照明
Company name in English (if any)FOSHAN ELECTRICAL AND LIGHTING CO.,LTD
Abbr. (if any)FSL
Legal representativeYu Zhongmin

II Contact Information

Board SecretarySecurities Representative
NameHuang ZhenhuanHuang Yufen
AddressNo. 8, Zhihui Road, Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, P.R.ChinaNo. 8, Zhihui Road, Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, P.R.China
Tel.(0757)82810239(0757)82966028
Fax(0757)82816276(0757)82816276
Email addressfsldsh@chinafsl.comfslhyf@163.com

III Other Information

  • 1. Contact Information of the Company Indicate whether any change occurred to the registered address, office address and their zip codes, website address, email address and other contact information of the Company in the Reporting Period.

□ Applicable  Not applicable No change occurred to the said information in the Reporting Period, which can be found in Annual Report 2025.

  • 2. Media for Information Disclosure and Place where this Report Is Lodged Indicate whether any change occurred to the information disclosure media and the place for lodging the Company’s periodic reports in the Reporting Period.

□ Applicable  Not applicable The website of the stock exchange, the media and other website where the Company’s periodic reports are disclosed, as well as the place for lodging such reports did not change in the Reporting Period. The said

information can be found in Annual Report 2025.

  • 3. Other Information Indicate whether any change occurred to other information in the Reporting Period.
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable
  • IV Key Financial Information Indicate whether there is any retrospectively restated datum in the table below.

□ Yes  No

H1 2026H1 2025Change (%)
Operating revenue (RMB)4,095,104,770.434,385,731,119.78-6.63%
Net profit attributable to the listed company’s shareholders (RMB)41,705,640.38114,993,752.24-63.73%
Net profit attributable to the listed company’s shareholders before exceptional gains and losses (RMB)23,254,347.80106,076,984.29-78.08%
Net cash generated from/used in operating activities (RMB)-117,202,900.459,845,012.95-1,290.48%
Basic earnings per share (RMB/share)0.02720.0749-63.68%
Diluted earnings per share (RMB/share)0.02720.0748-63.64%
Weighted average return on equity (%)0.61%1.71%-1.10%
June 30, 2026December 31, 2025Change (%)
Total assets (RMB)16,610,173,293.2717,167,245,635.67-3.24%
Equity attributable to the listed company’s shareholders (RMB)6,771,819,185.396,834,820,501.84-0.92%
  • V Accounting Data Differences under China’s Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (CAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Foreign Accounting Standards
  • 1. Net Profit and Equity under CAS and IFRS

□ Applicable  Not applicable No difference for the Reporting Period.

  • 2. Net Profit and Equity under CAS and Foreign Accounting Standards
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No difference for the Reporting Period.

VI Exceptional Gains and Losses  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemAmountNote
Gain or loss on disposal of non-current assets (inclusive of impairment allowance write-offs)2,841,505.89
Government grants recognized in current profit or loss (exclusive of those that are closely related to the Company’s normal business operations and given in accordance with defined criteria and in compliance with government policies, and have a continuing impact on the Company’s profit or loss)20,048,181.03
Gain or loss on fair-value changes in financial assets and liabilities held by a non-financial enterprise, as well as on disposal of financial assets and liabilities (exclusive of the effective portion of hedges that arise in the Company’s ordinary course of business)-1,110,934.78
Capital occupation charges on a non-financial enterprise that are charged to current profit or loss640,302.04
Reversed portions of impairment allowances for receivables which are tested individually for impairment1,000,558.75
Gain or loss on debt restructuring2,612,485.05
Non-operating income and expense other than the above8,876,356.86
Less: Income tax effects5,464,207.93
Non-controlling interests effects (net of tax)10,992,954.33
Total18,451,292.58

Details of other items that meet the definition of exceptional gain/loss:

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases for the Reporting Period. Explanation of why the Company reclassifies as recurrent an exceptional gain/loss item listed in the Explanatory Announcement No. 1 on Information Disclosure for Companies Offering Their Securities to the Public—Exceptional Gain/Loss Items:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases for the Reporting Period.

Part III Management Discussion and Analysis

I Principal Operations of the Company in the Reporting Period

  • 1. Principal operations The Company has been committed to the R&D, production and sale of high-quality and energy-efficient

lighting products in order to provide integrated lighting solutions for customers. It is the controlling shareholder of Liaowang Auto Lamp, NationStar Optoelectronics, Hule Electrical, and Airtrust through acquisition programs starting from 2021. At present, the principal business of the Company mainly includes the R&D, production and sale of general lighting products, automotive lighting products, and LED packaging products.

The general lighting mainly covers LED light sources, LED luminaries, and comprehensive lighting solutions for home lighting, commercial lighting, industrial lighting, municipal road lighting and landscape lighting. Over recent years, the Company has also been exploring new fields, including smart lighting, healthy lighting, marine lighting, sports lighting and aviation lighting.

Based on its own automotive light sources and modules, the Company, relying on its majority-owned subsidiary Liaowang Auto Lamp, has expanded the automotive lighting business into the automotive OEM market, involving basically all the lights that an automobile requires, such as headlights, rear light combos, fog lights, backup lights, interior lights, and license plate lights. The main clients of Liaowang Auto Lamp include SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile, Chongqing Changan Automobile, SERES, IM, SAIC Maxus Automotive, and other whole-automobile manufacturers, and medium- and high-end products take up an increasing percentage of its total sales of automotive lights.

The Company conducts LED packaging business mainly by relying on its majority-owned subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics (stock code: 002449). The primary products include LED epitaxial wafers and chips, LED packaging and component products, integrated circuit packaging products, and third generation compound semiconductor packaging products, which are widely used for consumer electronics, home appliances, communications, display and landscape lighting, general lighting, automotive lighting, sterilization and purification, plant lighting, and other fields.

  • 2. Business models

(1) Procurement model

The Company’s procurement department should ensure that the procured materials and products meet the prescribed requirements and that procurement activities are under control. Besides, it should consider the needs of each department and the reasonable stock quantity before carrying out any procurement, determine suppliers by means of bidding, price negotiation, and price comparison. There should be several backup suppliers of each principal raw material to ensure fair procurement price, timely material supply, and reliable quality.

  • (2) Production model For routine products, the monthly production plan is prepared based on the analysis of the sales of each month and changes in the future market demand and the safe stock benchmark. Each production department produces products as planned so as to control the stock and meet the sales demand. For customized products, the make-to-order strategy is implemented to effectively control the stock quantity of raw materials, reduce the funds that are tied up, and improve the Company’s operational efficiency.
  • (3) Sales model In the Company’s general lighting business, for domestic sales, the Company adopts the model of agency distribution and direct supply to engineering projects, with current sales mainly in household, commerce, and ecommerce channels. For foreign sales, the Company adopts the models of OEM and independent brands. The sale of products of independent brands abroad is carried out mainly via agencies.

In the automotive lighting business, in the factory-installed market, the model of supplying automotive light products directly to OEMs is mainly adopted; in the aftermarket, products are mainly sold by agencies.

In the LED packaging business, the direct sale model is mainly adopted, in which products are sold through direct communication with clients.

3. Industry overview

(1) Lighting During the Reporting Period, the lighting industry underwent a phase characterized by “overall pressure, structural differentiation and deep adjustment”. On the demand side, domestic market demand faced headwinds affected by the macroeconomic environment and the sustained adjustment of the real estate sector. Overseas market demand remained generally stable, with growing demand in emerging markets including the Middle East, Africa and Russia. Nevertheless, dragged by industrial chain relocation and spillover effects, China’s total exports of lighting products dropped by approximately 7% year-on-year in the first half of the year. On the cost side, prices of raw materials such as non-ferrous metals, electronic components and plastic parts surged

substantially, pushing up manufacturers’ production costs markedly. Meanwhile, the rapid appreciation of the RMB further squeezed profit margins for export-oriented enterprises. Dual pressures from home and abroad have accelerated survival-of-the-fittest consolidation within the industry. Small and medium-sized enterprises confronted survival risks amid shrinking orders and elevated costs, while market concentration continued to rise amid industry hardships.

Despite overall industry pressures, multiple specialized market segments maintained a sound development momentum. Benefiting from alignment with the digital, health-oriented and personalized consumption trends, as well as the in-depth integration of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, sensing and computing technologies, market segments including smart lighting and healthy lighting achieved steady growth. AIpowered functions such as adaptive dimming, human-centric lighting and intelligent scene matching have driven the upgrading of lighting products from simple passive illumination to active perception and intelligent optimization, greatly improving product added value and user experience. Driven by the dual-carbon goals, energy trusteeship and intelligent renovation projects for roads, tunnels and public buildings have also brought new market growth opportunities. These emerging segments have raised higher requirements for lighting products in terms of light quality, reliability, intelligent control and interdisciplinary integration capabilities.

The logic of industry long-term competition accelerated its shift from homogeneous competition in prices to differentiated competition in technology, ecosystems, and scenario-based solutions. Leading enterprises with advantages in brand, technology, and capital continuously extended their business boundaries by optimizing product structures, actively expanding into high-value-added fields, and continuously broadening application scenarios. Boasting greater operational resilience during industry restructuring, they are driving the industry into a new stage of high-quality development.

(2) Automotive lighting During the Reporting Period, affected by shifts in policy cycles, cautious consumer sentiment and macroeconomic conditions, China’s automobile output and sales volume reached 14.993 million units and 15.017 million units respectively, representing a year-on-year decline of 4.0% and 4.1%. Against this backdrop, driven by technological iteration and upgrading, rising per-vehicle lighting value and continuous optimization of product mix, automotive lighting offset the impact of fluctuations in vehicle output, and the market size of automotive lighting maintained sustained growth.

The automotive lighting industry is accelerating its technological upgrading, with intelligence, integration and scenario-oriented design emerging as core competitive edges. Matrix LED headlamps, adaptive driving beam (ADB) systems, laser headlamps, digital pixel (DPL) lamps, and smart lighting technologies deeply integrated with ADAS systems are gaining rapid adoption. Vehicle lighting is becoming increasingly interconnected with the Internet of Vehicles and human-machine interaction systems. Innovative features such as dynamic welcome lighting and interactive projection lamps are emerging continuously, transforming automotive lamps from traditional functional components into key enablers of vehicle intelligence and brand differentiation. Meanwhile, more than 600 new vehicle models were launched intensively in China in the first half of 2026. This trend has raised higher requirements for supporting automotive lighting manufacturers in terms of rapid R&D response, flexible production and delivery, and large-scale manufacturing capabilities, further forcing technological innovation and capacity upgrading across the industry.

While the automotive lighting market continues to expand, it also faces structural operational headwinds. Price declines at the vehicle retail end have been passed down the supply chain, subjecting automotive lighting products to annual price reduction pressure. Coupled with the adverse impact of rising raw material prices, the overall gross profit margin of the industry is under pressure. Meanwhile, domestic automotive lighting manufacturers have steadily increased their market share by virtue of their fast response, strong cost control capabilities and continuous technological accumulation. Leveraging their cost-performance advantages and technological progress, they have also actively explored overseas markets and participated in global competition, with their internationalization accelerating steadily.

(3) LED packaging During the Reporting Period, the LED packaging industry forged ahead amid a mix of challenges and opportunities. On the one hand, the industrial competitive landscape is undergoing accelerated restructuring. Buffeted by volatile external demand, rising prices of core raw materials and other factors, the industry has entered a phase of transitional adjustment marked by overall volume consolidation and margin pressure. Market consolidation and integration gather pace. Resources are increasingly concentrated among industry leaders with superior technological, scale and financial strengths, leading to a profound reshaping of the competitive structure. On the other hand, technological innovation continues to fuel application upgrades. The integration of LED technology with frontier technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and big data is deepening steadily, driving advancements toward more customized, scenario-based and user-centric solutions.

High-value-added segments, including automotive LEDs, UV LEDs and infrared sensing, are demonstrating steady growth. Continuous breakthroughs in Mini/Micro-LED technologies have accelerated the popularization of high-end applications including ultra-high-definition displays, automotive displays and virtual production, unlocking new market space. Meanwhile, demand in overseas emerging markets keeps rising. Industry players are actively expanding into overseas markets to foster new growth opportunities.

  • 4. Main driving forces for growth The Company firmly implements its development strategy of “Upgrading the Fundamental Business into

New Forms and Scaling Up New Tracks”. It continues to strengthen innovation-driven development, optimize industrial layout, advance marketing model transformation, improve management efficiency, and vigorously explore market opportunities in market segments. The Company has built a collaborative development framework covering three core businesses: general lighting, automotive lighting and LED packaging. Meanwhile, the Company expands into new tracks including marine lighting, sports lighting and aviation lighting. Such diversified business portfolio provides stable support for the Company’s operating performance.

As the competitive landscape of the lighting industry evolves, market share is concentrating rapidly among leading enterprises. Consumers are paying growing attention to product quality and brand value, while small and medium-sized enterprises lacking sufficient competitiveness are gradually phased out. Leveraging its longaccumulated advantages in technology, brand, distribution channels and scale, the Company holds a favorable position amid industry consolidation. On the R&D front, the Company keeps increasing R&D investment and deepens collaborative innovation through industry-university-research partnerships. It focuses on technological breakthroughs and product iteration in cutting-edge areas including smart and healthy lighting, aviation lighting, “AI+lighting”, ultra-high-definition displays and intelligent optoelectronics. The Company has successively launched innovative products such as a lineup of smart healthy lighting products, AI agents, AI light code products, MiP products and intelligent sensing products. These efforts drive technical upgrading and quality improvement of core products and continuously reinforce its technological moat. On the market front, the Company advances the operation of a multi-brand matrix to meet differentiated demands across diverse markets and customer tiers. It pursues coordinated development of online and offline channels as well as domestic and overseas businesses. While optimizing its domestic channel structure, the Company ramps up efforts to explore overseas markets, especially countries under the Belt and Road Initiative and emerging markets. Adhering to a customer-centric approach, it continuously optimizes its portfolio of products, integrated solutions and service

systems to strengthen market adaptability and brand presence. On the operation front, the Company steadily pushes forward production automation and digital transformation. Intelligent manufacturing and digital management systems effectively boost production efficiency and product quality. The Company further implements lean management, conducts refined cost control and optimizes supply chain management, comprehensively driving sustained improvements in operational efficiency and business performance.

  • II Core Competitiveness Analysis The Company has been dedicated to the R&D, manufacturing and sale of lighting products since its

establishment. Through measures such as continuous investment in R&D and innovation, branding, channel development, as well as integration of the industrial chain, the core competitiveness of the Company has been further strengthened, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

R&D technical advantage

The Company has established a multi-dimensional qualification system represented by its status as a National Innovation Company, a National Intellectual Property Demonstration Enterprise, and a Guangdong Manufacturing Champion Demonstration Enterprise in LED bulbs and LED intelligent green luminaries. It has also been listed as one of the Top 100 Innovative Enterprises in Guangdong Province and one of the Top 100 Manufacturing Enterprises in Guangdong Province, underscoring its strong technological innovation capabilities and industry-leading position. The Company's testing center has extended its national CNAS accreditation, obtained the US ENERGY STAR Certification for downlight testing, and been accredited as a TÜV NORD third-party witnessed laboratory for automotive lighting testing. Its testing capabilities cover all dimensions including safety, performance, reliability, and EMC, enabling the issuance of authoritative testing reports with international recognition and mutual acceptance. The Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries have established 36 research and development platforms, including the “Guangdong Provincial Enterprise Technology Center”, “Guangdong Provincial Doctoral Workstation”, “Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Expert Workstation”, “Postdoctoral Research Station (Branch Station)”, “Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research and Development Center for Electric Light Sources”, and the “Guangdong Provincial Industrial Design Center”, forming a comprehensive innovation system that supports cutting-edge technology research and development as well as the commercialization of research findings. The Company has undertaken a number of national, provincial and ministerial-level scientific and technological projects, including a key sub-program under the National Key R&D Program “Marine Agriculture and Freshwater Fisheries

Technology Innovation” and Hainan Province “Land-Sea-Air” Technology Special Project, achieving continuous breakthroughs in core technologies. Leveraging its outstanding R&D strength and innovation capabilities, the Company has won prestigious scientific and technological awards such as the Second Prize of Science and Technology Progress Award from China National Light Industry Council. It has also pioneered systematic integration of the “circadian lighting” concept into light environment design. The Company actively explores the convergence of AI and lighting technology, with a focus on in-depth research of large AI models. It has successfully developed an AI-enabled full-scenario solution that combines AI-powered intelligent control, scenario-based spectral solutions, and dynamic light-and-shadow effects. By developing three key agents for human-machine interaction, light-and-shadow interaction, and healthy lighting spectra, the Company has laid the technical foundation for the real-world application of AI in the field of smart lighting, with the “Light Xiaoming” AI agent rolled out to form its agent framework. The Company has established a presence in optics, spectroscopy, electronics, IoT, and AI, and has developed systematic technological barriers with independent intellectual property, providing solid support for product innovation and industrial upgrading. As of the end of the Reporting Period, the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries have been granted 3,096 valid patents and led or participated in formulating 272 standards at international, national, and industry levels. By actively integrating internal and external resources, the Company has collaborated in-depth with renowned universities and research institutes such as Wuhan University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, and Wuhan University of Technology in industry-university-research partnerships. This has led to significant technological breakthroughs and technological achievement transformations, spurring innovations in frontier technology fields, establishing efficient R&D talent development channels, and providing firm support for maintaining the Company’s technological leadership and ongoing product innovation. Liaowang Auto Lamp boasts a provincial enterprise technology center, a provincial R&D center, a Guangxi automotive lighting parts engineering technology research center, and the Nanning Innovation Consortium, forming a “one institute and three centers” R&D ecosystem. It focuses on tackling cutting-edge technologies such as the serialization of lens modules and interactive signal lights, with R&D strength continuously enhanced. As a National Innovation Company and a provincial-level specialized, refined, distinctive, innovative enterprise, Hule Electrical boasts industry-leading technologies independently developed for marine LED lighting and navigation signal lights. The recently launched HL-8×2M-24D series navigation (signal) light control system has obtained certification from Det Norske Veritas (DNV), a globally recognized certification and risk management organization. This

makes Hule Electrical the first DNV-certified navigation light control system supplier in China. NationStar Optoelectronics has created 15 research platforms at or above the provincial level, including the Postdoctoral Research Station, and the National- and local-joint Engineering Laboratory for Semiconductor Lighting Materials and Components. It has undertaken over 30 national research projects, such as the key national R&D programs, in addition to more than 100 provincial and municipal research projects. NationStar Optoelectronics, for its technological leadership in high-precision products, including MIP display devices, intelligent health detectors, optoelectronic coupling devices, and vehicle display devices, has been awarded the title of “Guangdong Provincial Manufacturing Individual Champion (Intelligent Optoelectronic Health Detectors and LED Devices for Ultra-High-Definition Displays)”. It has achieved multiple breakthroughs across specialized fields.

Brand advantage

As a China Time-Honored Brand with 68 years of deep cultivation in the lighting industry, the Company has built industry-leading core brand advantages by relying on its profound brand heritage and long-term strategic commitment, forming a key pillar supporting the steady development of the enterprise. Guided by the “Technology-FSL” strategy, the Company has pursued a development path focused on specialization and highend positioning, achieving an increasingly strong brand presence. By launching the brand IP “Light Xiaoming” and a series of cultural and creative content, as well as renewing its VI system, product packaging and retail stores, the Company has infused its time-honored brand with a vibrant contemporary character, presenting a youthful, technological and fashionable brand image. Leveraging mainstream media, including Xinhua News Agency and Southern Plus, together with new media platforms such as WeChat, Xiaohongshu and Douyin, the Company has rolled out featured columns, including “FSL Homeowner Stories” and “Your Lighting Advisor”. Through storytelling and scenario-based communication, it has continuously strengthened brand recognition in both professional and consumer markets, steadily advancing its transformation from an industry brand to a public-facing brand. After years of accumulation, FSL has become one of the most influential and popular industrial brands in China. Its profound brand heritage, extensive market recognition, and strong brand appeal have become the core support and enduring competitiveness for the steady growth of the Company’s market performance. Liaowang Auto Lamp strictly abides by the national industry standards when producing automotive lights of the “Liaowang” brand. It has been hailed as a high-quality supplier of related automobile enterprises several times. With over 40 years of expertise in the ship lighting sector, Hule Electrical has

established itself as a leading player in China’s ship lighting market. Its products are widely applied across various vessels and offshore engineering scenarios, enjoying high recognition within the industry. NationStar Optoelectronics actively participates in various important industry exhibitions and forums, and has earned high recognition both within and outside the industry through its profound professional background and active engagement. As a result, it has received honors such as “Brand Power” and “Top Ten LED Packaging Brands,” continually enhancing its professional image, brand awareness, and reputation.

Channel advantage

The Company has been sticking to the market strategy of deeply cultivating and refining channels. Over years of development and experience, the Company has been equipped with three major sales channels in domestic market (household, commerce, and e-commerce channels), forming a marketing network covering the whole country; in foreign market, the Company has made active steps to develop international market business, sold products to more than 120 countries and regions in North America, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and Oceania, and kept improving overseas sales channel. By virtue of its powerful and comprehensive sales channels, the Company has enabled its products to enter market rapidly, substantially enhancing its market development abilities and competitiveness. Liaowang Auto Lamp is a major manufacturer in the domestic automotive light industry. It has accumulated stable whole-automobile manufacturing clients and has been developing customers of medium- and high-end and new energy vehicle makers. Its client entities are increasingly diverse. Hule Electrical is one of the major manufacturers in the domestic ship lighting industry, and has established long-term and stable cooperative relationships with large domestic shipbuilding enterprises. NationStar Optoelectronics has an excellent client structure. It maintains long-term and stable partnerships with leading display manufacturers and internationally renowned home appliance enterprises. It has built a diversified high-end customer matrix covering smart home appliances, a full range of consumer electronics, network communications, and industrial control sectors. Also, its products have been showcased in many large events and high-end venues at home and abroad, which are widely recognized by end clients and the market.

Scale advantage

As one of the enterprises to first step into the industry of producing and selling lighting products, the Company forms a capability of mass manufacturing by years of experience accumulation. After years of continuous investment, the Company has greatly improved its production automation level. The large-scale and centralized production brings obvious economic benefits to the Company, which not only shows in manufacture

cost of products, but also shows in aspects such as raw material procurement and price negotiation. With manufacturing bases in Nanning, Liuzhou, Chongqing, Qingdao, and Suzhou, Liaowang Auto Lamp has an annual production capacity of more than 5 million sets of automotive lights. Hule Electrical is an important domestic manufacturer of ship lighting fixtures, having been deeply rooted in the industry for many years. It is one of the leading companies in the domestic ship lighting fixture industry. NationStar Optoelectronics began engaging in LED packaging in 1976. It is included in the first batch of enterprises that have produced LED products and the first Chinese enterprise to go public with LED packaging as its principal business. Besides, it is one of the largest LED manufacturers in China.

Advantage of an integrated LED industrial chain

The Company achieved full coverage of the LED industry chain by holding equity in NationStar Optoelectronics, including upstream LED chip manufacturing, midstream LED packaging, and downstream LED application products. Through independent investment and external mergers and acquisitions, the Company has expanded its industrial presence to automotive lighting, marine lighting, sports lighting, aviation lighting and other sectors, forming a vertically integrated industrial chain covering upstream to downstream and a horizontally diversified layout spanning general to professional applications. This has further enhanced the Company’s competitiveness and presence in the industry.

III Analysis of Principal Operations

  • 1. Overview In the first half of 2026, the domestic and global macroeconomic environment remained complex and

challenging, while operating pressures across the industry continued to mount. On the one hand, affected by the global macroeconomic environment and the ongoing adjustment of the domestic real estate market, the overall market demand in the lighting industry was under pressure, and market competition became increasingly fierce. On the other hand, the prices of raw materials such as non-ferrous metals, electronic components, and plastic parts rose sharply, directly driving up manufacturing costs. Meanwhile, the appreciation of the RMB further squeezed the profit margins of export business. Facing pressures from both domestic and global factors, the Company remained focused on its core initiatives of “end-to-end lean management and value enhancement”, coordinated the implementation of “Lean Improvement 2.0” and “Profitability Assurance” initiatives, while prioritizing key tasks such as market expansion, technological innovation, and lean operations. It overcame

challenges, and steadily advanced all undertakings. These measures helped maintain stable revenue, but profit still declined significantly.

The Company's major operating results during the Reporting Period are detailed as follows:

(1) Market expansion driven by focused efforts and diversified deployment to strengthen the foundation and unlock growth potential

First, on the domestic market, focused efforts were made to improve quality and efficiency and drive incremental growth. The Company deepened its presence in offline channels. By refining offline service stations, establishing a multi-dimensional distribution network, expanding into underserved market areas, and carrying out marketing empowerment activities, the Company enhanced terminal sales and market service capabilities. It successfully developed relationships with multiple leading centralized procurement customers and design institutes, and secured multiple million-level commercial projects, achieving growth in revenue from domestic residential and commercial lighting businesses. Meanwhile, the Company expanded its reach across multiple online platforms. Leveraging content marketing, the development of best-selling products and product portfolio optimization, the Company achieved rapid growth in e-commerce revenue. Second, the overseas expansion drive secured existing business and developed new markets. While consolidating its market share in regions where it has established advantages and among key major customers, the Company intensified efforts to explore untapped and emerging overseas markets, achieving positive results. It successfully won bids for multiple overseas engineering projects, further strengthening its diversified overseas market footprint. Revenue from overseas lighting business increased year-on-year. Third, the “Auto Lamp Scaling Initiative” secured new projects and consolidated business scale. The Company adopted new technologies and new products to conduct targeted technical marketing, proactively aligned with demands of vehicle manufacturers, and continuously intensified efforts to develop new projects. It successfully secured 20 new projects for automotive lighting lamps and modules. The customer structure improved steadily, and revenue from the automotive lighting business remained generally stable. Fourth, the packaging device business enhanced value and explored new capabilities. Focusing on the expansion of both products and scenarios, the Company leveraged product iteration and upgrading and core performance breakthroughs to drive diversified scenario applications and new growth engines. Building on in-depth cooperation with leading enterprises in the security, display and home appliance industries, the Company rapidly scaled up high-value products including MiP products, highdefinition display panels and intelligent display and control modules. Market expansion for optocoupler

products and automotive LED products also accelerated. Fifth, the Company steadily advanced development in new tracks to foster growth momentum. For marine lighting, the Company won bids for microalgae carbon sequestration and cruise ship projects and became the first domestic enterprise to obtain the DNV Certificate for Navigation Light Control Systems. It also secured new customers among multiple shipbuilding companies. In sports lighting, the Company focused resources on pursuing stadium and major sports event projects and secured multiple new projects such as the Maoming Olympic Sports Fitness Center. In elderly-friendly lighting, supported by seven core technologies including fall detection and heart rate monitoring, two of its products were included in the national Catalogue of Promoted Elderly Products, and the Company was shortlisted in the brand supplier pools of several professional elderly care enterprises.

(2) Focused efforts on technological innovation to enhance core competitiveness

First, the commercialization of technological innovation results was enhanced. The Company optimized the allocation of innovation resources, deepened the integrated R&D-production-marketing collaboration mechanism, and aligned product iteration and upgrading with market demands. It developed new products in over 100 specifications, with the average product development cycle shortened year-on-year and R&D efficiency significantly improved. Furthermore, the Company secured 176 new patents and 10 new standards, and led or participated in the development of multiple international and national standards. The project “Key Technologies and Applications for Visual Environment and Circadian Health of Primary and Secondary School Students”, jointly developed by the Company, won the Second Prize of Science and Technology Progress Award from China National Light Industry Council. Its independently developed “intelligent and eco-friendly LED lamp” and “intelligent optoelectronic health detector” led to the recognition as a “2025 Guangdong Provincial Manufacturing Individual Champion”. Second, technological breakthroughs empowered development. Highlighting areas including aviation, age-friendly, intelligent lighting, ultra-high-definition display, and intelligent optoelectronics, the Company established joint innovation centers with COMAC and GAMECO, and launched a range of innovative products such as the “Light Xiaoming” AI agent, AI agefriendly sensor panel lamps, MiP display devices, and intelligent health sensing devices. Third, testing capabilities were elevated. The Company built a standardized EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) laboratory, extended CNAS accreditation, and obtained a number of globally recognized testing certifications such as US ENERGY STAR Certification for downlights and TÜV NORD Certification for automotive lighting. The lab's timeliness reached 99.62%, providing solid technical support for product quality control.

(3) Enhanced lean management to reduce costs, improve efficiency, and ensure profitability

To effectively mitigate the impact of rising raw material prices and RMB appreciation on overall profit margins, the Company focused on lean management of production and exchange rate risks and tapped cost reduction and efficiency improvement potential from multiple dimensions. First, it tightened control over raw material procurement, established a dynamic forecasting mechanism for prices of key raw materials, and formulated procurement and inventory plans in a scientific manner. It cut procurement costs via centralized purchasing, price-locked inventory and other measures to alleviate the adverse impact of higher raw material prices on operations. Second, the Company deepened lean management at the production side, pushed forward product design optimization and upgrades of automated equipment, imposed strict control over process losses and energy consumption, strengthened budget constraints on various expenses, and explored cost-saving opportunities across the whole value chain. Third, it intensified refined management of exchange rate risks, closely monitored exchange rate movements, and flexibly adopted hedging, foreign currency deposits and other risk-mitigation instruments to offset the effects of exchange rate fluctuations.

2. Year-on-year changes in key financial data

Unit: RMB

H1 2026/June 30, 2026H1 2025/December 31, 2025Change (%)Main reason for change
Operating revenue4,095,104,770.434,385,731,119.78-6.63%
Cost of sales3,399,086,469.723,565,320,556.68-4.66%
Selling expense183,274,789.02182,892,072.030.21%
Administrative expense228,475,452.05224,001,579.552.00%
Finance costs14,570,693.14-17,117,656.17185.12%Currency fluctuations during the period
Income tax expense16,220,421.5418,318,812.92-11.45%
R&D expense249,090,029.77286,580,266.83-13.08%
Net cash generated from/used in operating activities-117,202,900.459,845,012.95-1,290.48%A RMB250 million decline in sales proceeds collected by subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics during the period
Net cash generated from/used in investing activities-592,709,349.96-18,934,602.88-3,030.30%The Company purchased largedenomination certificates of deposit and term deposits totaling RMB688 million during the period. Such capital transactions constitute routine cash management activities and will not exert a material impact on daily production and operations.
Net cash generated from/used in financing activities-176,681,018.71-131,887,757.84-33.96%The combined effects of repayment of supply chain financing and the recovery of bank acceptance bill
deposits during the period
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents-908,666,795.84-138,553,235.69-555.83%Combined impact of the Company’s purchase of large-denomination certificates of deposit and term deposits totaling RMB688 million and a net decrease of RMB179 million in cash and cash equivalents of subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics during the period
Monetary assets2,393,469,742.643,455,743,091.17-30.74%Purchases of large-denomination certificates of deposit and term deposits during the period
Other receivables51,718,835.8582,678,537.89-37.45%Receipts of funds during the period
Contract assets225,336.26450,672.52-50.00%Receipts of customer payments during the period
Current portion of noncurrent assets1,042,833,211.63429,862,721.67142.60%Reclassification of largedenomination certificates of deposit classified under other debt investments that originally had maturities exceeding one year yet will fall due within one year during the period
Other current assets716,647,857.85221,586,381.03223.42%Purchases of large-denomination certificates of deposit and term deposits during the period
Other debt investments100,947,945.20720,083,694.31-85.98%Reclassification of largedenomination certificates of deposit classified under other debt investments that originally had maturities exceeding one year yet will fall due within one year during the period
Held-for-trading financial liabilities441,690.00Fair value changes in forward foreign exchange settlement products resulting from currency fluctuations during the period
Taxes and levies payable56,611,646.8391,181,551.13-37.91%Payment of income tax payable during the period
Other current liabilities162,099,708.7881,286,297.5399.42%Increase in endorsed but unmatured notes that have not been derecognized
Specific reserve5,135,099.203,436,494.0749.43%Decrease in the amount used for production safety during the period
Gain on changes in fair value (“-” for loss)-1,792,904.78345,894.65-618.34%Fair value changes in forward foreign exchange settlement products resulting from currency fluctuations during the period
Credit impairment loss (“-” for loss)-3,924,527.64-12,101,495.6967.57%Decrease in loss allowances recognized for accounts receivable and other receivables during the period
Asset impairment loss (“-” for loss)-39,884,970.01-22,424,871.33-77.86%An increase of RMB14.5345 million in inventory valuation allowances accrued by subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics during the period
Asset disposal income (“-” for loss)2,743,111.71-64,693.004,340.20%Gains arising from the disposal of non-current assets during the period
Non-operating income10,678,496.712,113,315.35405.30%Higher income from liquidated damages during the period
Net profit attributable to owners of the parent company41,705,640.38114,993,752.24-63.73%Combined impact of lower gross profit margin, higher exchange losses and declining profits of subsidiaries during the period
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests-35,081,061.4632,930,123.49-206.53%Declining profits of subsidiaries during the period
Changes in the fair value of other equity investments-24,864,916.26214,283,065.88-111.60%Year-on-year decrease in the fair value change in other equity investments during the period
Differences arising from the translation of foreign currencydenominated financial statements-4,646,746.45-447,357.83-938.71%Currency fluctuations during the period
Other comprehensive income, net of tax attributable to noncontrolling interests-1,254,048.45-343,935.41-264.62%Currency fluctuations during the period

Material changes to the profit structure or sources of the Company in the Reporting Period:

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such changes in the Reporting Period.

3. Breakdown of Operating Revenue

Unit: RMB

H1 2026H1 2025Change (%)
Operating revenueAs % of total operating revenue (%)Operating revenueAs % of total operating revenue (%)
Total4,095,104,770.43100%4,385,731,119.78100%-6.63%
By operating division
Lighting products and luminaries2,655,535,419.3564.85%2,632,166,173.4660.02%0.89%
Electronic component manufacturing1,076,623,896.1626.29%1,260,619,128.0228.74%-14.60%
Export trade and other362,945,454.928.86%492,945,818.3011.24%-26.37%
By product category
General lighting products1,611,053,710.3539.34%1,555,797,106.2435.47%3.55%
LED packaging and components949,448,488.6223.18%1,138,917,060.6125.97%-16.64%
Auto lamps944,978,608.8023.08%1,013,526,856.9023.11%-6.76%
Trade and other589,623,962.6614.40%677,490,096.0315.45%-12.97%
By operating segment
Domestic3,271,574,278.5579.89%3,419,449,003.1177.97%-4.32%
Overseas823,530,491.8820.11%966,282,116.6722.03%-14.77%
4. Operating Division, Product Category, and Operating Segment Contributing over 10% of Operating Revenue or Operating Profit  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Operating revenueCost of salesGross profit marginYoY change in operating revenue (%)YoY change in cost of sales (%)YoY change in gross profit margin (%)
By operating division
Lighting products and luminaries2,655,535,419.352,140,352,863.8919.40%0.89%5.91%-3.82%
Electronic component manufacturing1,076,623,896.16935,851,497.4113.08%-14.60%-12.19%-2.38%
Export trade and other362,945,454.92322,882,108.4211.04%-26.37%-32.53%8.12%
By product category
General lighting products1,611,053,710.351,228,774,397.1323.73%3.55%7.52%-2.81%
LED packaging and components949,448,488.62811,230,046.5614.56%-16.64%-14.08%-2.54%
Auto lamps944,978,608.80831,545,579.1612.00%-6.76%-0.26%-5.74%
Trade and other589,623,962.66527,536,446.8710.53%-12.97%-18.17%5.68%
By operating segment
Domestic3,271,574,278.552,669,800,047.1818.39%-4.32%-2.66%-1.40%
Overseas823,530,491.88729,286,422.5411.44%-14.77%-11.35%-3.43%

Core business data of the prior period restated according to the changed statistical caliber for the Reporting Period:

□ Applicable  Not applicable

IV Analysis of Non-Core Businesses  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

AmountAs % of profit before taxMain source/reasonRecurrent or not
Return on investment28,114,634.63123.07%Dividend income from other equity investments held during the period, and interest income from other debt investmentsYes
Gain/loss on changes in fair value-1,792,904.78-7.85%Gain/loss on changes in fair value of financial instruments during the periodYes
Asset impairments-39,884,970.01-174.59%Inventory valuation allowances recognized during the periodYes
Non-operating income10,678,496.7146.74%Compensation income from breach of contract during the periodNo
Non-operating expense1,703,745.677.46%Payment of late fees and write-off of scrapped inventories during the periodNo
Other income40,191,280.00175.93%Receipt of continuing government grants during the periodNo
Credit impairment loss (“-” for loss)-3,924,527.64-17.18%Loss allowances recognized for accounts receivable and other receivables during the periodYes
Asset disposal income (“-” for loss)2,743,111.7112.01%Gains or losses on the disposal of non-current assets during the periodNo

V Analysis of Assets and Liabilities

1. Significant Changes in Asset Composition

Unit: RMB

June 30, 2026December 31, 2025Change in percentage (%)Main reason for any significant change
AmountAs % of total assetsAmountAs % of total assets
Monetary assets2,393,469,742.6414.41%3,455,743,091.1720.13%-5.72%Purchases of largedenomination certificates of deposit and term deposits during the period
Accounts receivable2,085,974,309.7112.56%2,173,325,283.7812.66%-0.10%
Contract assets225,336.260.00%450,672.520.00%0.00%
Inventory2,341,737,044.7914.10%2,163,660,652.6512.60%1.50%Inventory stocking in response to rising raw material prices during the period
Investment property800,948,005.134.82%810,582,038.874.72%0.10%
Long-term equity investments185,497,823.301.12%184,806,652.921.08%0.04%
Fixed assets3,504,249,535.7721.10%3,586,917,576.9020.89%0.21%
Construction in progress250,251,499.081.51%223,949,659.061.30%0.21%
Right-of-use assets17,967,235.720.11%23,771,544.090.14%-0.03%
Short-term borrowings581,589,947.263.50%635,015,074.863.70%-0.20%
Contract liabilities101,215,408.890.61%140,787,246.730.82%-0.21%
Long-term borrowings179,420,949.271.08%192,915,075.781.12%-0.04%
Lease liabilities11,035,419.400.07%15,354,724.020.09%-0.02%
Notes receivable753,261,897.524.53%732,835,152.154.27%0.26%
Receivables financing467,728,813.472.82%415,949,788.022.42%0.40%
Current portion of non-current assets1,042,833,211.636.28%429,862,721.672.50%3.78%Reclassification of largedenomination certificates of deposit classified under other debt investments that originally had maturities exceeding one year yet will fall due within one year during the period
Other current assets716,647,857.854.31%221,586,381.031.29%3.02%Purchases of largedenomination certificates of deposit and term deposits during the period
Other equity investments457,691,201.252.76%471,794,043.902.75%0.01%
Intangible assets399,102,087.192.40%383,525,440.662.23%0.17%
Long-term prepaid expense362,934,372.982.19%335,938,420.481.96%0.23%
Notes payable1,994,470,163.7012.01%2,179,070,444.4112.69%-0.68%
Accounts payable2,310,647,251.6913.91%2,443,871,780.9514.24%-0.33%
Other payables334,721,375.642.02%372,152,039.732.17%-0.15%
Share capital1,535,778,230.009.25%1,535,778,230.008.95%0.30%
Capital reserves843,412,968.155.08%843,517,955.904.91%0.17%
2. Major Assets Overseas

□ Applicable  Not applicable

3. Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening amountGain/loss on fair-value changes during the periodCumulat ive fairvalue changes charged to equityImpairment allowance for the periodPurchased during the periodSold during the periodOther changesClosing amount
Financial assets
1. Held-fortrading financial assets (exclusive of derivative2,768,997.3 31,792,904.7 8688,500.00441,690.002,106,282.5 5
financial assets)
3. Other debt investments1,149,946,4 15.98100,000,00 0.00110,000,00 0.003,834,740.8 51,143,781,1 56.83
3. Other equity investments471,794,04 3.9029,252,842. 65238,801, 050.6215,150,000. 00457,691,20 1.25
5. Receivables financing415,949,78 8.0251,779,025. 45467,728,81 3.47
Subtotal of financial assets2,040,459,2 45.2331,045,747. 43238,801, 050.62115,150,00 0.00109,311,50 0.0056,055,456. 302,071,307,4 54.10
Total of the above2,040,459,2 45.2331,045,747. 43238,801, 050.62115,150,00 0.00109,311,50 0.0056,055,456. 302,071,307,4 54.10
Financial liabilities441,690.00441,690.00

Details about other changes:

The purchased amount in the Reporting Period of other debt investments referred to the cash management (large-denomination certificates) by the Company with its own temporarily idle funds and idle raised funds, which was classified as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income. A total amount of RMB100,000,000.00 was purchased and a total amount of RMB110,000,000.00 was disposed of in the Reporting Period, and other changes were RMB3,834,740.85 of cumulative recognized interest. Significant changes to the measurement attributes of the major assets in the Reporting Period:

□ Yes  No

4. Restricted Asset Rights as at the Period-End

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing carrying valueReason for restriction
Monetary assets478,677,249.14Security deposits for bills, performance bonds, etc.
Notes receivable572,757,449.03In pledge for the bill pool, undue notes receivable that have been endorsed or discounted
Fixed assets198,008,084.57As mortgage and guarantee for related party, see “3. Other information” under XVI of Part VIII in this Report
Intangible assets10,030,658.70
Receivables financing26,500,000.00In pledge for the bill pool
Accounts receivable945,000.00Undue accounts receivable that have been transferred
Total1,286,918,441.44

VI Investments Made

  • 1. Total Investment Amount  Applicable □ Not applicable
Investment amount during the Reporting Period (RMB)Investment amount in the same period of last year (RMB)Change (%)
89,622,787.32156,790,198.87-42.84%
  • 2. Major Equity Investments Made in the Reporting Period

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 3. Major Non-Equity Investments Ongoing in the Reporting Period  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Reaso
n for
Name of projectWay of invest mentFixed asset investm ent or notIndust ry of the invest<br><br>ment projec tInput during the periodCumul ative input as of the periodendFundin g sourceProject progressPredi cted returnCumul ative return as of the periodendfailure to reach the plann ed progre ss and predicDate of disclos ure (if any)Index to disclos ed inform ation (if any)
ted
return
Annou
nceme
nt on
Invest
ment
in the
Constr
uction
The Jiliof
IndustriNation
al ParkStar
project (not includiOtherYesLED packa ging7,416, 842.86868,24 4,588. 99Selfpooled funds50.64%N/AAugust 7, 2020Optoel ectroni cs’ Jili
ng landIndustr
purchasial
e)Park
Project
on
www.c
ninfo.c
om.cn
(annou
nceme
nt of
subsidi ary Nation Star Optoel ectroni cs)
Total------7,416, 842.86868,24 4,588. 99----------
4. Financial Investments
  • (1) Securities Investments  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Securi ty typeSecurit y codeSecu rity nameInitial invest<br><br>ment costMeas ureme nt metho dBegin ning carryi ng valueGain/ Loss on fairvalue chang es in Repor ting PeriodAccu mulat ed fairvalue chang es charg ed to equityPurch ased in Repor ting PeriodSold in Repor ting PeriodGain/l oss in Repor ting PeriodEndin g carryi ng valueAccou nting titleFundi ng source
Dome sticall y/Ove rseas listed stock601187Xia men Bank152,9 57,60<br><br>6.83Fair value metho d421,0 11,50<br><br>0.1029,25 2,842. 65238,8 01,05<br><br>0.626,309, 436.6 5391,7 58,65<br><br>7.45Other equity invest mentSelffunde d
OtherNoneGuan gdon g Emb odie<br><br>d Intell igenc<br>e Tech nolo gy Co., Ltd.<br>15,15 0,000. 00Fair value metho d15,15 0,000. 0015,15 0,000. 00Other equity invest mentSelffunde d
Dome sticall y/Ove rseas listed stock601777Qian li Tech nolo gy1,306, 956.1 8Fair value metho d2,676, 867.8 6622,0 00.34622,0 00.342,054, 867.5 2Heldfortradin g financ ial assetsOther
OtherNoneFosh an500,0 00.00Fair value500,0 00.00500,0 00.00Other equitySelffunde
bran ch of Guan gdon g Deve lopm ent Bankmetho dinvest mentd
Dome sticall y/Ove rseas listed stock000980ZOT YE Auto mobi le423,4 48.92Fair value metho d92,12 9.4740,71 4.4440,71 4.4451,41 5.03Heldfortradin g financ ial assetsOther
Total170,3 38,01<br><br>1.93--424,2 80,49<br><br>7.4329,91 5,557. 43238,8 01,05<br><br>0.6215,15 0,000. 005,646, 721.8 7409,5 14,94<br><br>0.00----
  • (2) Investments in Derivative Financial Instruments  Applicable □ Not applicable
  • 1) Derivative Investments for Hedging Purposes in the Reporting Period  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: USD’0,000

Type of derivativeInitial investmen t amountOpeni ng amou ntGain/Loss on fairvalue changes during the periodAccumulat ed fairvalue changes recorded in equityPurchased during the periodSold during the periodClosing amountClosing investment amount as % of the Company’s closing<br><br>equity
General forward3,1100-16.4403,1101,8501,2601.27%
Total3,1100-16.4403,1101,8501,2601.27%
Major changes in accounting policies and specific accounting principles adopted for hedges in the Reporting Period compared to the last reporting periodNo
Actual gain/loss in the Reporting PeriodThe actual gain/loss stood at USD8,500 in the Reporting Period.
Effectiveness of hedgingThe Company carries out foreign exchange hedging business appropriately according to specific situations, which can effectively reduce the foreign exchange market risk, lock in industrial profit of export business and
avoid exchange rate risk.
Funding sourceSelf-funded
Analysis of risks and control measures associated with derivative investments held in Reporting Period (including but not limited to market risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk, legal risk, etc.)Risk analysis of the forward foreign exchange settlement: 1. Market risk: Given the unpredictability of economic changes at home and abroad, the foreign exchange hedging business faces market risk, to some extent. 2. Foreign currency risk: When the foreign currency trend greatly deviates from the Company’s judgment of such trend, the expenses after locking the exchange rate might exceed that before doing so, resulting in losses to the Company. 3. Internal control risk: Imperfect internal control policies probably triggers risks to the foreign exchange hedging business, as it is highly professional and complex. 4. Trading default risk: If the counterparty of foreign exchange hedging defaults by failing to pay hedging earnings to the Company as agreed, the actual exchange loss of the Company will not be offset. 5. Collection forecast risk: Marketing departments forecast collection based on the actual and expected orders of customers. In practice, customers may adjust such orders. As a result, the Company’s collection forecast will not be accurate, leading to delivery risks. Adopted risk control measures: 1. The Company will strengthen the research and analysis of the exchange rate. When the exchange rate fluctuates greatly, it will adjust the business strategy in a timely manner to stabilize the export business and avoid exchange losses to the utmost. 2. The Company has established the Management System for Foreign Exchange Hedging and majorityowned subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics has also formulated the Management System for Forward Forex Settlement and Sale and Forex Option Transactions, clearly defining the operating principles, approval authority, responsible department and responsible person, internal operation procedures, information isolation measures, internal risk reporting system, risk management procedures, and information disclosure related to the foreign exchange hedging business. 3. In order to prevent any delay in the foreign exchange hedging, the Company will strengthen the management of accounts receivable, actively collect receivables, and avoid any overdue receivables. In the meantime, the Company plans to increase the export purchases and purchase corresponding credit insurance so as to reduce the risk of default and customer default. 4. The Company’s foreign exchange hedges must be strictly based on the Company’s foreign exchange earnings prediction. Besides, the Company shall strictly control the scale of its foreign exchange hedges, and manage all risks that the Company may face within a controllable range. 5. The internal audit department of the Company shall check the actual signing and execution situation of all trading contracts on a regular or irregular basis.
Changes in market prices or fair value of derivative investments in the Reporting Period (fair value analysis should include measurement method and related assumptions and parameters)The Company carries out recognition and measurement in accordance with the Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises No. 22—Recognition and Measurement of Financial Instruments, the Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises No. 24—Hedges, the Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises No. 37—Presentation of Financial Instrument and other applicable regulations. Fair value is arrived at based on the price provided by pricing service providers such as banks or the price obtained. Fair value measurement and recognition are carried out on a monthly basis. Changes in the fair value of forward exchange settlement contracts entered into by the Company are mainly attributable to difference arising from exchange rate fluctuations.
Legal matters involved (if applicable)N/A
Disclosure date of announcement on board’s approving derivative investment (if any)April 25, 2025
April 17, 2026
2) Derivative Investments for Speculative Purposes in the Reporting Period

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • 5. Use of Raised Funds  Applicable □ Not applicable
(1) General Information about Use of Raised Funds  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB’0,000

Year of raisin gWay of raisin gSecuri ties listing dateTotal amou nt raisedNet amou nt of funds raised (1)Used in the curren t periodCumu lative total amou nt of raised funds<br><br>used (2)Usage ratio of raised funds at the end of the Repor ting Period (3)=(2 )/(1)Repurpo sed amou nt in the Repor ting PeriodCumu lative repurpo sed amou ntCumu lative repurpo sed amou nt as % of total amou nt raisedUnuse d amou ntPurpo se and where abouts of the unuse d amou ntAmou nt being idle for more than two years
The
amou
nt of
idle
raised
funds
used
for
cash
mana
Issuangeme
ce ofnt that
sharesDecehas
2023to specifmber 4,109,4 55.18108,8 41.555,787. 5237,32 0.5134.29 %024,50 4.8422.51 %72,79 6.38not yet0
ic2023matur
objected is
sRMB
583,3
53,10
0, and
the
remai
ning
raised
funds
are
deposi
ted in a specia l accou nt for raised funds.
Total----109,4 55.18108,8 41.555,787. 5237,32 0.5134.29 %024,50 4.8422.51 %72,79 6.38--0

Description of the use of raised funds:

In November 2023, the Company raised RMB1,094.5518 million through a share issuance to specific investors. After deducting issuance expenses such as underwriting fees, sponsorship fees, audit fees, and legal fees totaling RMB6.1363 million, the actual net proceeds amounted to RMB1,088.4155 million. As of June 30, 2026, the Company had cumulatively utilized RMB373,205,100 of the raised funds, accounting for34.29% of the net proceeds.

2. Promised Use of Raised Funds  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB’0,000

Finan cing proje ct nameSecur ities listin g dateProm ised proje ct funde d with raise d funds and inves tment with overraise d fundsProje ct natur eRepurpo sed or partia lly repurpo sed or notTotal prom ised inves tment amou nt with raise d fundsAdju sted total amou nt of the inves tment (1)Input in the Repo rting Perio dAccu mulat ive inves tment amou nt at the end of the Repo rting Perio d (2)Inves tment progr ess as at the perio d-end (3)=( 2)/(1)Time when the proje ct is ready for its inten ded useRetur ns deriv ed in the Repo rting Perio dAccu mulat ive benef its recor ded as at the end of Repo rting Perio dMeeti ng the expec ted retur ns or notSigni ficant chan ge to proje ct feasi bility or not
Promised projects
2023 Issua nce of Share s to Speci fic Targe tsDece mber 4, 2023FSL’ s auto matio n and digita lizati on proje ctProd uctio n and const ructio nNo36,46 4.2735,85 0.641,668 .167,837 .2221.86 %Nove mber 2026N/AN/AN/ANo
2023 Issua nce of Share s to Speci fic Targe tsDece mber 4, 2023FSL Hain an Indus trial Park IProd uctio n and const ructio nYes25,25 2.9113,63 1.82013,63 1.82100.0 0%Term inate dN/AN/AN/AYes
2023 Issua nce of Share s to Speci fic Targe tsDece mber 4, 2023The smart street lights proje ctProd uctio n and const ructio nYes9,179 .5295.77095.77100.0 0%Term inate dN/AN/AN/AYes
2023 Issua nce of Share s to Speci fic Targe tsDece mber 4, 2023The vehic le light modu le produ ction proje ctProd uctio n and const ructio nNo24,00 8.824,00 8.82,110 .056,319 .8426.32 %May 2027N/AN/AN/ANo
2023 Issua nce of Share s to Speci fic Targe tsDece mber 4, 2023The R&D cente r const ructio n proje ctRese arch and devel opme nt proje ctYes14,54 9.6814,54 9.682,009 .319,435 .8664.85 %Nove mber 2027N/AN/AN/ANo
Subtotal of promised projects--109,4 55.1888,13 6.715,787 .5237,32 0.51--------
Use of over-raised funds
There were no over-raised funds.
Total--109,4 55.1888,13 6.715,787 .5237,32 0.51--------
Explain the circumstances and reasons for failing to achieve the planned progress and expected returns by item (including the1. FSL’s Automation and Digitalization Project: This project aims to procure advanced automated production equipment and supporting facilities, and to implement a digital and intelligent transformation to establish an intelligent manufacturing system. It was originally scheduled to reach its intended usable state by November 2026. Nevertheless, dragged by decelerating global macroeconomic growth, continuous adjustments in the real estate sector, geopolitical tensions and international trade frictions, the lighting industry has been confronted with headwinds including sluggish market demand and intensifying market competition. To cope with uncertainties in market demand and avert inefficient utilization of raised funds as well as idle production capacity risks arising from irrational capacity expansion, the Company has slowed down the pace of equipment procurement. Furthermore, technologies in the digital space are iterating rapidly; the construction of relevant systems needs to align with the upgrade pace of the Company’s existing internal information systems. Coupled with declining costs of supporting software and hardware, the foregoing factors have collectively resulted in the
reason for selecting “N/A” for “Meeting the expected returns or not”)project’s investment progress falling short of expectations.<br><br>2. R&D Center Construction Project: On June 18, 2024, the Company held the 57th meeting of the 9th Board of Directors and the 29th meeting of the 9th Supervisory Committee, reviewing and passing the Proposal on Extending the R&D Center Construction Project Time. According to the construction status and implementation progress of the raised funds investment project, and in light of the demand for products in the downstream market, the relevant R&D projects planned for the Company’s R&D center are currently progressing steadily and the purchase of relevant R&D equipment and R&D-related software is under way in succession. However, as some experimental equipment needs to be customized and the R&D equipment is characterized by small batches and multiple varieties, not all equipment has been procured, installed or commissioned adequately. In view of the above reasons, the Company agreed to extend the construction period of the raised funds investment project “R&D center construction project” by two years, that is, to extend the time for the raised funds investment project to reach the intended status of use to May 2026.<br><br>On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, and on May 15, 2025, the Company’s 2024 general meeting of shareholders was held, during which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. Due to adjustments made to certain R&D topics and supporting equipment during the implementation of the “R&D Center Construction Project,” the Company extended the investment period of the project by one and a half years to ensure smooth project advancement and the achievement of R&D objectives. Accordingly, the planned date for the project to reach its intended usable state will be postponed to November 2027.<br><br>3. Automotive Lighting Module Production Project: On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, and on May 15, 2025, the Company’s 2024 general meeting of shareholders was held, during which the Proposal on Adjusting the Internal Investment Structure, Adding Implementation Sites, and Postponing Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. Throughout the implementation of the Automotive Lighting Module Production Project, the Company has prioritized project quality and long-term profitability, laying a solid foundation and proceeding with investment in a phased manner. However, due to the stringent certification requirements for entry into the automotive lighting supply chain system and the long lead time for the deployment of high-end customized equipment, the current investment progress has fallen behind schedule. Therefore, the Company extended the investment period of the project by two years, postponing the date for it to reach its intended usable state to May 2027.<br><br><br>(For details on the delay in the planned progress of the “FSL’s Hainan Industrial Park Phase I” and the “Smart Streetlight Construction Project”, please refer to the section “Particulars about significant change to project feasibility” in this table.)
Particulars about significant change to project feasibility1. FSL’s Hainan Industrial Park Phase I Project: On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, and on May 15, 2025, the Company’s 2024 general meeting of shareholders was held, during which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. Due to various factors, including the fact that China’s marine industry is still in its early stages of development, the Company’s existing production capacity is sufficient to meet the current and near-future demand of the marine lighting market. Therefore, the Company intends to terminate the implementation of this project (for further details, please refer to the Announcement on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects, disclosed on April 25, 2025 on www.cninfo.com.cn).<br>2. Smart streetlight construction project: On April 23, 2025, the Company convened the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Board of Supervisors, at which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Funded Projects was reviewed and approved. Due to a slowdown in investment by local governments in municipal infrastructure in recent years, the market demand for new infrastructure projects such as smart streetlights has grown at a rate below expectations, resulting in insufficient project orders. Therefore, the Company proposes to terminate the implementation of the “Smart Streetlight Construction Project” (For further details, please refer to the Announcement on the Change and Termination of Certain Funded Projects, disclosed on April 25, 2025 on cninfo.com.cn).<br>
Amount, purpose and use progress of over-raised fundsN/A
Unauthorized change of the purpose ofN/A
raised funds and misappropriati on of raised funds
Change of implementatio n location of raised funds investment projectsApplicable
Occurred prior to the Reporting Period
1. On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, during which the Proposal on Adjusting the Internal Investment Structure, Adding Implementation Sites, and Postponing Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. The FSL’s Automation and Digitalization Project has added “Fozhao Building, 8 Zhihui Road, Zhangcha Subdistrict, Chancheng District, Foshan City” as a new implementation site. Post-adding, the project’s implementation sites changed to “39 Zhaoming Avenue, Hecheng Subdistrict, Gaoming District, Foshan City’ and “Fozhao Building, 8 Zhihui Road, Zhangcha Subdistrict, Chancheng District, Foshan City”.<br>2. .The Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee on April 23, 2025 and the 2024 general meeting of shareholders on May 15, 2025, during which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects. The R&D Center Construction Project added “Fozhao Building, 8 Zhihui Road, Zhangcha Subdistrict, Chancheng District, Foshan City” and “54/F, The Pinnacle, 17 West Zhujiang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City” as two new implementation sites. After-adding, the project’s implementation sites changed to “39 Zhaoming Avenue, Hecheng Subdistrict, Gaoming District, Foshan City,” “Fozhao Building, 8 Zhihui Road, Zhangcha Subdistrict, Chancheng District, Foshan City,” and “54/F, The Pinnacle, 17 West Zhujiang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City”.<br>
Adjustments to the way of implementatio n of raised funds investment projectsApplicable
Occurred prior to the Reporting Period
On June 18, 2024, the Company held the 57th meeting of the 9th Board of Directors and the 29th meeting of the 9th Supervisory Committee, reviewing and passing the Proposal on Adding Implementation Entities and Special Accounts for Raised Funds to Some Raised Funds Investment Projects and agreed to add FSL Chanchang Lighting Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Chanchang Company”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as one of the implementation entities for the raised funds investment project “FSL’s automation and digitalization project”. In consequence, the implementation entities of the raised funds investment project changed from the Company to the Company and Chanchang Company. The adjustment did not involve any change to the amount or purpose of the raised funds.
Advance investments in promised projects funded with raised funds and subsequent swapsApplicable
On January 16, 2024, the Company held the 51st meeting of the 9th Board of Directors and the 25th meeting of the 9th Supervisory Committee, reviewing and passing the Proposal on Using Raised Funds to Replace Selfraised Funds for Pre-invested Capital Projects and Paid Issuance Expenses and agreed based on the actual situation of the Company to use the raised funds to replace self-raised funds of RMB87,975,313.46 used for preinvested capital projects. Specifically, self-raised funds of RMB2,603,975.16 for paid issuance expenses would be replaced. By January 2024, the Company had completed the swap of all the self-pooled funds.
Use of idle raised funds for temporarily supplementing the working capitalN/A
Surplus amount of raised funds upon project implementatio n and the reasonsN/A
Purpose and whereabouts of unused raised fundsAs of June 30, 2026, the total amount of unused proceeds was RMB727,963,800, of which RMB144,610,800 was held as bank deposits in designated accounts for raised funds, and RMB 583,353,100 was invested in cash management using temporarily idle proceeds, which had not yet matured or been redeemed.<br><br>The raised funds unused by the Company would be put into use according to the subsequent progress of the raised funds investment projects.
Problems or other issues arising in the use and disclosure of raised funds1. On January 16, 2024, the Company held the 51st meeting of the 9th Board of Directors and the 25th meeting of the 9th Supervisory Committee, reviewing and passing the Proposal on Using Raised Funds to Provide Subsidiaries with Loans for Implementing Raised Funds Investment Projects. Given that the implementation of the raised funds investment project “FSL Hainan Industrial Park I” is organized by Fozhao (Hainan) Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Hainan Technology”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, to guarantee the successful implementation of the raised funds investment project, the Board of Directors agreed that the Company might use raised funds to provide an interest-free loan for Hainan Technology, with the total loan amount not exceeding RMB252,529,100 and a loan term of three years. Hainan Technology may negotiate with the Company to extend the loan term or make early repayment based on its actual operating conditions.<br>2. On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, during which the Proposal on Adjusting the Internal Investment Structure, Adding Implementation Sites, and Postponing Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. In light of the rapid development of information technology and the Company’s actual business needs, and in order to enhance the efficiency of fund utilization, the Company plans to adjust the internal investment structure for equipment upgrades under the “FSL’s automation and digitalization project,” and to add a new project implementation site at “Fozhao Building, 8 Zhihui Road, Zhangcha Subdistrict, Chancheng District, Foshan City.”<br>3. On April 23, 2025, the Company convened the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Board of Supervisors, at which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Funded Projects was reviewed and approved. It was agreed that the Company would make the following adjustments to the “R&D Center Construction Project”: first, change certain research topics and equipment investment items; second, adjust the internal investment structure of the project; third, extend the project investment period by one and a half years; fourth, add two new implementation sites. At the same time, the implementation of the FSL Hainan Industrial Park I Project and the Smart Street Lights Project will be terminated.<br>4. On February 5, 2026, during a review of the use of raised funds, the Company discovered that due to litigation, RMB 6,658,300 in the special settlement account for wealth management products opened by its wholly-owned subsidiary, Fozhao (Hainan) Technology Co., Ltd., at the Haikou Binhai Branch of Bank of Hainan Co., Ltd., were frozen. The Company promptly applied to the court for a change in the preservation order, replacing the frozen raised funds with its own funds from a general account. As of the end of February 2026, the frozen raised funds had been unfrozen, without affecting the progress of the raised funds invested projects or the Company’s normal production and operation.<br>
3. Re-purposed Raised Funds  Applicable  Not applicable

Unit: RMB’0,000

Actual
Financi ng project nameWay of raisingRepurpose d projectCorresp onding original promise d projectTotal raised funds to be investe d in the repurpose d project (1)Actual input in the Reporti ng Periodaccumu lative investm ent amount at the end of the Reporti ng PeriodInvestm ent progres s as at the periodend (3)=(2)/ (1)Time when the project is ready for its intende d useReturns derived in the Reporti ng PeriodMeetin g the expecte d returns or notSignific ant change to repurpose d project feasibili ty or not
(2)
2023IssuancUndeterFSL11,621.N/AN/AN/A
issuanc e of shares to specific targetse of shares to specific objectsminedHainan Industri al Park I09
2023 issuanc e of shares to specific targetsIssuanc e of shares to specific objectsUndeter minedThe smart street lights project9,083.7 5N/AN/AN/A
2023 issuanc e of shares to specific targetsIssuanc e of shares to specific objectsThe R&D center constru ction projectThe R&D center constru ction project14,549. 682,009.3 19,435.8 664.85%Novem ber 2027N/AN/ANo
Total------35,254. 522,009.3 19,435.8 6----0----
Explain the reasons, decisionmaking procedures and information disclosure (by project)1. FSL’s Hainan Industrial Park Phase I Project: On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, and on May 15, 2025, the Company’s 2024 general meeting of shareholders was held, during which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. Due to various factors, including the fact that China’s marine industry is still in its early stages of development, the Company’s existing production capacity is sufficient to meet the current and near-future demand of the marine lighting market. Therefore, the Company terminated the implementation of this project (for further details, please refer to the Announcement on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects disclosed on April 25, 2025 on cninfo.com.cn).<br>2. Smart streetlight construction project: On April 23, 2025, the Company convened the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Board of Supervisors, at which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Funded Projects was reviewed and approved. Due to a slowdown in investment by local governments in municipal infrastructure in recent years, the market demand for new infrastructure projects such as smart streetlights has grown at a rate below expectations, resulting in insufficient project orders. Therefore, the Company terminated the implementation of the “Smart Streetlight Construction Project” (For further details, please refer to the Announcement on the Change and Termination of Certain Funded Projects disclosed on April 25, 2025 on cninfo.com.cn).<br>3. R&D Center Construction Project: On April 23, 2025, the Company held the 7th meeting of the 10th Board of Directors and the 5th meeting of the 10th Supervisory Committee, and on May 15, 2025, the Company’s 2024 general meeting of shareholders was held, during which the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects was reviewed and approved. In accordance with the actual construction and investment progress of the project, upon prudent research, the Company adjusted some implementation contents, including the adjustments to some research topics and equipment investment, adjustments to the internal investment structure of the project, extension of the investment timeline of the project. The change neither converted the original fundraising project into a new initiative nor altered the total investment amount of the original fundraising project (For further details, please refer to the Proposal on the Change and Termination of Certain Fundraising Investment Projects disclosed on April 25, 2025 on cninfo.com.cn).<br>
Explain the circumstances and reasons for failing to achieve the planned progress and expected returns (by project)N/A
Particulars about significantN/A
change to the feasibility of repurposed projects

VII Sale of Major Assets and Equity Investments

  • 1. Sale of Major Assets

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • 2. Sale of Major Equity Investments

□ Applicable  Not applicable

VIII Major Subsidiaries  Applicable □ Not applicable Major fully/majority-owned subsidiaries and those minority-owned subsidiaries with an over 10% effect on the Company’s net profit:

Unit: RMB

NameRelationshi p with the CompanyPrincipal activityRegistered capitalTotal assetsNet assetsOperating revenueOperating profitNet profit
Foshan NationStar Optoelectro nics Co., Ltd.SubsidiaryManufactur ing618,477,16 9.005,691,819,2 55.153,758,459,5 73.591,347,995,2 68.4650,342,892. 5248,612,733. 72
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.SubsidiaryManufactur ing35,319,543<br><br>.002,919,513,4 84.931,073,311,8 33.56937,768,44 0.584,592,576.6 23,050,331.3 5
FSL Chanchang Optoelectro nics Co., Ltd.SubsidiaryManufactur ing72,782,944<br><br>.001,363,284,5 50.39527,893,65 2.34807,176,04 4.9753,751,889. 6646,172,141. 16
Foshan Fozhao Zhicheng Technolog y Co., Ltd.SubsidiaryManufactur ing50,000,000<br><br>.00229,158,50 6.1971,511,834. 03101,781,98 9.8013,026,979. 2510,021,182. 11
FSL Zhida Electric Technolog y Co., Ltd.SubsidiaryManufactur ing38,150,000<br><br>.00168,787,01 0.1196,541,579. 6973,580,858. 498,135,815.8 47,274,822.4 3

Subsidiaries obtained or disposed in the Reporting Period:

□ Applicable  Not applicable Information about major majority- and minority-owned subsidiaries:

  • 1. In a major asset restructuring in February 2022, the Company acquired a 21.32% interest in Foshan

NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (NationStar) from Rising Holdings Group and its acting-in-concert party. Upon the conclusion of the transaction, the Company eventually holds a 21.48% interest in NationStar, and NationStar has become a majority-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company has included NationStar in its consolidated financial statements since Q1 2022.

  • 2. Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd. signed an equity agreement with its existing shareholders in July
  • 2021, and acquired Liaowang Auto Lamp through equity acquisition and capital increase and share expansion. Upon the conclusion of the transaction, the Company eventually holds a 53.79% interest in Liaowang Auto Lamp, and Liaowang Auto Lamp has become a majority-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company has included Liaowang Auto Lamp in its consolidated financial statements from the date when the Company obtained actual control of it. In February 2026, Liaowang Auto Lamp launched its Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP). Liaowang Auto Lamp subscribed for an additional 263,843 shares by way of capital contribution to the specialpurpose entity serving as the ESOP holding platform. Upon completion of such capital increase, the Company’s shareholding percentage in Liaowang Auto Lamp was adjusted to 53.39%.
  • 3. FSL Chanchang Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (renamed on June 19, 2018 from “Foshan Chanchang Electric

Appliances (Gaoming) Co., Ltd.”), which is a Sino-foreign joint venture invested and established by the Company and Prosperity Lamps and Components Ltd, had obtained license for business corporation on August 23, 2005 through approval by Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Bureau of Gaoming District, Foshan with document “MWMY Zi [2005] No. 79”. The Company holds 70% equities of the said company; therefore the said subsidiary was included into the scope of the consolidated financial statements since the date of foundation. On August 23, 2016, the Company and Prosperity Lamps and Components Ltd signed the equity transfer agreement. The Company purchased 30% equity of Foshan Chanchang Electric Appliances (Gaoming) Co., Ltd. held by Prosperity Lamps and Components Ltd. After the purchasing, the Company held 100% equity of FSL Chanchang Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.

  • 4. FSL Zhida Electric Technology Co., Ltd. was jointly funded and established by the Company, Foshan

Zhibida Enterprise Management Co., Ltd. and Dongguan Baida Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd., and obtained its business license on October 21, 2016. On January 16, 2023, FSL Zhida adjusted its registered capital based on fully paid-in capital stock. Following the completion of this adjustment, the Company holds a 66.84% equity

interest in FSL Zhida. The Company has incorporated FSL Zhida into the scope of its consolidated financial statements starting from its date of incorporation.

  • 5. Foshan Fozhao Zhicheng Technology Co., Ltd. (formerly FSL Lighting Equipment Co., Ltd., renamed to

the current name on December 12, 2022) is a limited liability company invested and established by the Company with a registered capital of RMB15 million. It obtained its business license on May 8, 2013. The Company holds a 100% equity interest therein, and this subsidiary has been included in the scope of the Company’s consolidated financial statements commencing from its date of incorporation.

IX Structured Bodies Controlled by the Company

□ Applicable  Not applicable

X Risks Facing the Company and Countermeasures

1. Risks of macro economic fluctuations and fiercer market competition

Current domestic and international macroeconomic conditions face multiple uncertainties. Domestic economic growth is slowing, while rising trade protectionism abroad, along with frequent tariff barriers and technical trade measures, may adversely impact the development of the lighting industry. Particularly, as the lighting industry has entered a phase of stock competition, slowing market growth coupled with fierce competition could continue to put pressure on corporate profit margins.

Countermeasures: The Company will adhere to the set strategies, spend greater effort in developing new products, constantly refine the business portfolio, and actively explore segment markets such as intelligent lighting, healthy lighting, ocean lighting, sports lighting. It will also accelerate the introduction of new manufacturing processes, technologies and products to the market for new competitive edges. At the same time, by optimizing marketing network and strengthening the business focus and expansion on domestic and foreign major customers, the Company will improve service quality, strengthen internal management, and increase core competitiveness constantly.

2. Risk of raw material price fluctuations

The main raw materials of the Company and its subsidiaries include chips, lamp beads, electronic components, aluminum substrates, plastic parts, metal materials, etc. The prices of the aforementioned raw materials are closely related to the prices of commodities such as metals and oil. Meanwhile, surging demand for AI computing power has driven up prices of relevant electronic components rapidly. Fluctuations in the aforesaid

raw material prices will exert an impact on the Company’s production costs. If the price of raw materials continues to rise in the future, it could adversely affect the Company’s production and operation.

Countermeasures: The Company will pay attention to market dynamics, collect industry information, analyze and pre-judge supply of main raw materials and price trends, so as to make excellent sourcing plans. By strengthening centralized procurement through negotiations, refining suppliers, perfecting supply chain management, optimizing product design, and promoting alternative materials, the Company is able to decrease procurement costs.

3. Risk of exchange rate fluctuations

The Company’s overseas sales account for approximately 20% of total revenue, and the corresponding sales proceeds are mainly settled in U.S. dollars. A sharp appreciation of the RMB may affect the pricing and competitiveness of the Company’s overseas sales, trigger higher exchange losses, and consequently exert an adverse impact on the Company’s net profit.

Countermeasures: By keeping abreast of and analyzing exchange rate policies and fluctuation trend of settlement currencies in time, intensifying settlement currency management, ,and carrying out foreign exchange hedging business when the timing is right, the Company can relatively lock in exchange rates and minimize the risks brought by exchange rate fluctuations.

  1. Risk associated with the recoverability of accounts receivable Receivables grow along with the Company’s business. Customers who fail to repay loans timely or become

insolvent, due to changes in macroeconomic trends, market environments, and their business, will place the Company at the risk of non-performing receivables.

Countermeasures: In order to reduce the receivable collection risk, the Company can constantly optimize the receivable risk management system, categorize and manage customers, regularly assess customers’ credit profiles, and enhance customer risk assessment. Meanwhile, it can reinforce contract approval and management, double its effort to collect receivables, and incorporate the collection of receivables into the performance assessment system for business departments.

XI Implementation of Market Value Management Mechanism and Valuation Enhancement Plan Indicate whether the Company has established a market value management mechanism.

  • □ Yes  No
  • Indicate whether the Company has disclosed its valuation enhancement plan.
  • □ Yes  No

XII Implementation of the Action Plan for “Dual Enhancement of Development Quality and Investor Returns” Indicate whether the Company has disclosed the Action Plan for “Dual Enhancement of Development Quality and Investor Returns”.

□ Yes  No

Part IV Governance, Environmental and Social Information

  • I Change of Directors and Senior Management  Applicable □ Not applicable
NameOffice titleTypeDateReason
Wang WeidongDirectorElectedFebruary 9, 2026Job transfer
  • II Profit Distribution and Capitalization of Capital Reserves into Share Capital for the Reporting Period

□ Applicable  Not applicable The Company does not intend to distribute cash dividends, issue bonus shares, or capitalize capital reserves into share capital for the Reporting Period.

  • III Equity Incentive Plans, Employee Stock Ownership Plans or Other Incentive Measures for Employees

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • IV Environmental Information Disclosure Indicate whether the listed company or any of its major subsidiaries is included in the list of companies that are required by law to disclose environmental information.  Yes □ No
Number of companies included in the list of companies that are required by law to disclose environmental information5
No.CompanyIndex to the report on required environmental information
1Gaoming branch of Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd.Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangdong Province- Enterprise Environmental Information Disclosure System
2Liuzhou Guige Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region- Enterprise Environmental Information Disclosure System
3Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangdong Province- Enterprise Environmental Information Disclosure System
4Foshan NationStar Semiconductor Co., Ltd.Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangdong Province- Enterprise Environmental Information Disclosure
System
5Guangdong Fenghua Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd.Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangdong Province- Enterprise Environmental Information Disclosure System
  • V Social Responsibility The Company places a high value on corporate social responsibility and commitment. Adhering to the

“create the value of light” corporate mission, the Company vigorously performs its social responsibility and constantly enhances its protection for the interests of stakeholders in order to create a healthy and beautiful life of light for customers, create and improve the space for personal development for employees and help them achieve the value of life, and contribute to the sound and sustainable development of the society.

  • 1. Protection of the rights and interests of our shareholders and creditors We continuously improve our corporate governance structure, regulate our operation and enhance our

management on information disclosure and investor relations. We treat all our investors fairly and justly, ensure their rights to know about, participate in and vote on the significant events of the Company, and safeguard the legal rights and interests of all our shareholders, especially our minority shareholders.

  • 2. Protection of the rights and interests of our employees Considering employees the most valuable resource for our survival and development, we constantly

improve our employment system, improve the compensation packages for our employees and attach importance to talent cultivation so as to provide opportunities and space for the sustainable development of our employees as well as realize the common development of the employees and the Company. We also pay attention to the health of our employees, attach importance to production safety and labor protection, and improve the working and living conditions for our employees so as to formulate harmonious and stable labor relations.

  • 3. Protection of the rights and interests of our customers and consumers We have been upholding the “Customer First” principle in our provision of quality products and services to

customers. We operate honestly and disallow any unfair trade practice against commercial ethics, market rules and the fair competition principle. We also improve our product quality and after-sales services and try to build a win-win relationship with our customers.

  • 4. Protection of the rights and interests of our suppliers We respect and protect the legal rights and interests of our suppliers, carefully protect their secret and

proprietary information, encourage and push them to continuously improve the quality of their products and

services through creating an environment for open and fair competition among them so as to realize mutual benefits and mutual development of the suppliers and the Company.

  • 5. Production safety, environmental protection and sustainable development The Company sees production safety, environmental protection and energy conservation as an important

part of its strategy of sustainable development. In strict compliance with applicable laws and regulations, the Company fully enforces accountability systems for environmental protection and work safety. It has obtained valid certifications for the full set of management systems including ISO 9001 Quality Management System, IATF 16949 Automotive Quality Management System, ISO 14001 Environmental Management System, ISO 45001 Occupational Health and Safety Management System and ISO 50001 Energy Management System. In 2018, the Company was recognized as one of the second batch of National Demonstration Green Factories certified by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China.

  • 6. Public relations and welfare The Company fully implements the social responsibility strategy. By carrying out a series of specific

actions and projects, it actively gives back to society and promotes sustainable development. The Company focuses on “industrial development for agriculture, technological benefits for agriculture, and green support for agriculture” as its main task. Through measures such as industrial assistance, paired assistance, and consumption assistance, the Company has upgraded from simple donations to systematic support. It is exploring new models for rural revitalization and contributing to the development of livable, business-friendly, and beautiful rural areas. During the Reporting Period, responding to the “6•30” initiative to support rural revitalization, the Company organized employee donations. It launched the “Love for Reading, Nurturing the Future” book donation campaign, making a targeted donation of books to Hengbi Primary School in Hengbi Town, Wuhua County, to help supplement rural educational resources. Through consumption assistance for industrial products, the Company purchased assistance products, converting its procurement into a practical effort to support rural revitalization, promoting the development of the green supply chain and increasing farmers’ incomes. Furthermore, the Company organized the 2026 voluntary blood donation event, successfully collecting over 35,000 milliliters of whole blood, demonstrating the volunteer spirit of “dedication, friendship, mutual assistance, and progress” through practical actions and spreading positive energy within society.

Part V Significant Events

I Commitments of the Company’s Actual Controller, Shareholders, Related Parties and Acquirers, as well as the Company Itself and other Entities Fulfilled in the Reporting Period or Ongoing at the Period-end

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

II Occupation of the Company’s Capital by the Controlling Shareholder or Its Related Parties for Non-Operating Purposes

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

III Irregularities in the Provision of Guarantees

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

IV Engagement and Disengagement of Independent Auditor Indicate whether the interim financial statements have been audited by an independent auditor.

□ Yes  No The interim financial statements are unaudited by an independent auditor.

V Explanations Given by the Board of Directors Regarding the Independent Auditor’s “Modified Opinion” on the Financial Statements of the Reporting Period

□ Applicable  Not applicable

VI Explanations Given by the Board of Directors Regarding the Independent Auditor's “Modified Opinion” on the Financial Statements of Last Year

□ Applicable  Not applicable

VII Insolvency and Reorganization

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • VIII Legal Matters Material lawsuits and arbitrations:

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases in the Reporting Period. Other legal matters:  Applicable □ Not applicable

Basic information on lawsuit (arbitration)Amount involved (RMB’0,000)Whether there are accrued liabilitiesLawsuit (arbitration) progressLawsuit (arbitration) results and influencesExecution of lawsuit (arbitration) judgmentDate of disclosureIndex to disclosed information
137 litigation48 cases are
matters that do not meet the criteria for material20,995.99Nocurrently under trial. And 89 cases have beenNo significant impact on the Company39 cases are under enforcement.N/A
litigationconcluded.
  • IX Punishments and Rectifications

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • X Credit Quality of the Company as well as Its Controlling Shareholder and Actual Controller  Applicable □ Not applicable During the Reporting Period, the Company and its controlling shareholder and actual controller were not involved in any unsatisfied court judgments, large-amount overdue liabilities or the like.
  • XI Major Related-Party Transactions
1. Continuing Related-Party Transactions  Applicable □ Not applicable
Relate d counte rpartyRelati onship with the Comp anyType of trans actio nSpecific transacti onPricin g princi pleTra nsac tion pric eTotal value<br><br>(RMB ’0,000 )As % of total value of all sametype transa ctionsAppro ved transa ction line (RMB ’0,000 )Over the appro ved line or notMetho d of settle mentObtai nable marke t price for sametype transa ctionsDate of disclo sureIndex to disclo sed infor matio n
Guang dong Rising HoldiActual control ler of thePurch asing produ cts/reReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price231. 53231.5 31.01%2,530NoBank transf er or bank231.5 3Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
ngs Group Co., Ltd.Comp anyceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyaccept ance bill
Guang dong Xinta o Micro electr onics Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyPurchas e of material sMarke t price108. 96108.9 60.04%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill108.9 6
Guang zhou Huajia n Busin ess Devel opme nt Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price11.2 511.250.05%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill11.25
Guang zhou Haixi nsha Indust rial Co., Ltd.Under same actual control ler (Haixi nsha was deregi stered on May 27, 2026.)Purch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price2.352.350.01%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill2.35
Zhuha i Dongj iang Envir onme ntal Protec tionUnder same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ceReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price1.131.130.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill1.13
Techn ology Co., Ltd.from relate d party
Guang dong Rising Com merci al Factor ing Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.830.830.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.83
Shenz hen Longg ang Dongj iang Indust rial Waste Treat ment Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.410.410.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.41
Zhuha i Doum en Distri ct Yong xingsh eng Envir onme ntal Indust ry Waste Recov ery and Comp rehens ive Treat ment Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.360.360.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.36
Jiang men DongjUnder same actualPurch asing produReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.280.280.00%Bank transf er or0.28
iang Envir onme ntal Comp any Limite dcontrol lercts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partybank accept ance bill
Guang dong Rising Hydro gen Energ y Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.120.120.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.12
Guang dong Xinta o Micro electr onics Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.10.10.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.1
Shenz hen Yuedi ng Precis e Machi nery Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyPurchas e of material sMarke t price702. 81702.8 10.24%2,970NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill702.8 1Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
Guang dong Rising Digita l Techn ology Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ceReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price330. 25330.2 51.45%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill330.2 5
from relate d party
Primat ronix Nanho Techn ology Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price25.6 425.640.11%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill25.64
Guang dong Electr onics Infor matio n Indust ry Group Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyPurchas e of material sMarke t price25.4 625.460.01%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill25.46
Guang dong Fengh ua New Energ y Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyPurchas e of material sMarke t price4.944.940.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill4.94
Shenz hen Yuedi ng Precis e Machi nery Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price1.91.90.01%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill1.9
Guang dongUnder samePurch asingPurchas e ofMarke t price469. 45469.4 50.16%2,773NoBank transf469.4 5Januar y 24,www. cninfo
Fengh ua Advan ced Techn ology Holdi ng Co., Ltd.actual control lerprodu cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partymaterial ser or bank accept ance bill2026.com. cn
Guang dong Rising Cateri ng Servic e Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price316. 45316.4 51.39%1,360NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill316.4 5Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
Guang dong Rising Urban Servic es Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price28.9 628.960.13%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill28.96
Guang dong Rising Cultur al Indust ry Devel opme nt Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price12.9 812.980.06%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill12.98
Guang dong Rising Cultur al Indust ry DevelUnder same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor serviPurchas e of material sMarke t price2.42.40.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill2.4
opme nt Co., Ltd.ce from relate d party
Rama da Pearl Hotel Guang zhouUnder same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.270.270.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.27
Guang zhou Chang jian Real Estate Mana gemen t Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ce from relate d partyReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.230.230.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.23
Guang dong Xinta o Micro electr onics Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price23.423.40.01%237NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill23.4Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
Guang dong Xinta o Micro electr onics Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partyProvidi ng labor serviceMarke t price19.2 219.220.09%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill19.22
Guang dong RisingUnder same actualSellin g produProvidi ng labor serviceMarke t price11.9 711.970.06%Bank transf er or11.97
Cateri ng Servic e Co., Ltd.control lercts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partybank accept ance bill
Guang dong Rising Holdi ngs Group Co., Ltd.Actual control ler of the Comp anySellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price9.289.280.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill9.28
Guang zhou Wans hun Invest ment Mana gemen t Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price5.965.960.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill5.96
Guang dong Yixin Chang cheng Constr uction Group Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price2.952.950.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill2.95
Guang dong Rising Cateri ng Servic e Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price2.622.620.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill2.62
GuangUnderSellinSellingMarke0.670.670.00%Bank0.67
dong Rising Cultur al Indust ry Devel opme nt Co., Ltd.same actual control lerg produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partyproduct st pricetransf er or bank accept ance bill
Guang dong Rising Cultur al Indust ry Devel opme nt Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partyProvidi ng labor serviceMarke t price0.660.660.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.66
Guang dong Fengh ua Advan ced Techn ology Holdi ng Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price626. 28626.2 80.15%1,050NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill626.2 8Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
Prosp erity Lamp s & Comp onents Ltd.Shareh older that holds over 5% shares of the Comp anySellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price482. 95482.9 50.12%1,110NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill482.9 5Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
Traxo n Techn ologie s Limite dEnterp rise control led by the Comp any’s related indivi dualSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate dSelling product sMarke t price11.2 111.210.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill11.21
party
Prosp erity (Chin a) Electri cal Comp any Limite dEnterp rise control led by the Comp any’s related indivi dualSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price0.210.210.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill0.21
Primat ronix Nanho Techn ology Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price96.3 296.320.02%1,040NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill96.32Januar y 24, 2026www. cninfo .com. cn
Guang dong Electr onics Infor matio n Indust ry Group Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price84.1 584.150.02%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill84.15
Guang dong Rising Digita l Techn ology Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partySelling product sMarke t price8.138.130.00%Bank transf er or bank accept ance bill8.13
Guang dong Huajia n Enterp rise Group Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerPurch asing produ cts/re ceivi ng labor servi ceReceivi ng labor serviceMarke t price358. 86358.8 61.57%NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill358.8 6Octob er 11, 2022www. cninfo .com. cn
from relate d party
Guang dong Huajia n Enterp rise Group Co., Ltd.Under same actual control lerSellin g produ cts/pr ovidi ng labor servi ce to relate d partyProvidi ng labor serviceMarke t price596. 33596.3 32.89%NoBank transf er or bank accept ance bill596.3 3Octob er 11, 2022www. cninfo .com. cn
Total----4,620. 23--13,07 0----------
Large-amount sales return in detailNone
Give the actual situation in the Reporting Period (if any) where an estimate had been made for the total value of continuing related-party transactions by type to occur in the Reporting PeriodThe Company calculated the aggregate amount of its continuing related-party transactions in H1 2026 with related parties including Fenghua Advanced Technology and its majority-owned subsidiaries, Rising Real Estate and its majority-owned subsidiaries, Rising Group and its subsidiaries, Huajian Group and its majority-owned subsidiaries, and Prosperity and its majority-owned subsidiaries. In terms of purchases from related parties, the actual transaction amount for H1 2026 was RMB26,379,200 (excluding RMB3,588,600 of related‑party transactions arising from public bidding), representing 23.42% of the forecasted amount for the year; and in terms of sales to related parties, the actual transaction amount for H1 2026 was RMB19,823,100 (excluding RMB5,963,300 of related‑party transactions arising from public bidding), accounting for 40.33% of the forecasted amount for the year.
2. Related-Party Transactions Regarding Purchase or Sales of Assets or Equity Interests

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

3. Related-Party Transactions Regarding Joint Investments in Third Parties  Applicable □ Not applicable
Co-investorRelationshi p with the CompanyName of the investeePrincipal operations of the investeeRegister ed capital of the investeeTotal assets of the investee (RMB’0,000)Equity of the investee (RMB’0,000)Net profit of the investee (RMB’0,000)
Guangdong Rising
Holdings Group Co.,
Ltd., ShenzhenThe
Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co., Ltd., Guangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology Holding Co., Ltd., andCompany’s controlling shareholder and its majorityownedGuangdong Embodied Intelligence Technolog y Co., Ltd.Operations related to embodied AI training grounds and othersRMB30 0 million17,400.3417,310.08-690.14
Dongjiangsubsidiaries
Environmental
Company Limited

On December 23, 2025, the Company participated in the capital increase and share expansion project of Guangdong Embodied Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd. through public bidding. On February 4, 2026, the Company subscribed to the aforesaid capital increase with its own funds in the amount of RMB15 million. Following completion of the capital increase, the Company holds a 5% equity interest in Guangdong Embodied Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd.

  • 4. Amounts Due to and from Related Parties  Applicable □ Not applicable Non-operating amounts due to and from related parties or not

□ Yes  No No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • 5. Transactions with Related Finance Companies  Applicable □ Not applicable Deposit business:
Related partyRelationship with the CompanyDaily maximum limits (RMB’0,000)Interest rate rangeOpening<br><br>balance (RMB’0,000)Actual amount during the periodClosing balance (RMB’0,000)
Total deposited in (RMB’0,000)Total withdrawn (RMB’0,000)
Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.Under same controlling shareholder170,0000.10%2.40%133,115.28456,487.21451,056.98138,545.51

Loan business:

Related partyRelationship with the CompanyLoan limit (RMB’0,000)Interest rate rangeOpening<br><br>balance (RMB’0,000)Actual amount during the periodClosing balance (RMB’0,000)
Total loans (RMB’0,000)Total repayment (RMB’0,000)
Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.Under same controlling shareholder200,0002.15%2.25%2,000.003,444.622,000.003,444.62

Credit or other financial business:

Related partyRelationship with the CompanyType of businessTotal amount (RMB’0,000)Actual amount (RMB’0,000)
Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.Under same actual controllerCredit granting200,0003,444.62
  • 6. Transactions with Related Parties by Finance Company Controlled by the Company

□ Applicable  Not applicable

The Company has no controlled finance companies.

  • 7. Other Major Related-Party Transactions  Applicable □ Not applicable Details of major infrastructure related-party transactions:
Related partyRelationship with the CompanyType of transactionSpecific transactio nPricing principleTransaction amount (RMB’0,000)Method of settlementDate of disclosureIndex to disclosed information
Guangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.Under same actual controllerPurchasing products/receivi ng labor service from related partyReceiving labor serviceMarket price1,763.21Bank transfer or bank acceptance billDecember 1, 2020www.cninfo<br><br>.com.cn (announcem ent of subsidiary NationStar Optoelectro nics)

Index to the current announcement about the said related-party transaction disclosed:

Title of announcementDate of disclosureDisclosure website
Announcement on a Related-Party Transaction Due to a Call for Public BidsDecember 1, 2020www.cninfo.com.cn (announcement of subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics)

XII Major Contracts and Execution thereof

1. Entrustment, Contracting and Leases
  • (1) Entrustment  Applicable □ Not applicable Explanation of the entrustment:

On June 14, 2022, and June 30, 2022, the Company held the 32nd meeting of the 9th Board of Directors and the 2nd Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders of 2022, respectively. The meetings reviewed and approved the Proposal for the Public Bid of the Operation, Leasing and Property Management Services for Kelian Building, agreeing to publicly bid out the operation, leasing and property management services for Kelian Building, an investment property, to be outsourced to a third-party operator. The Company’s majority-owned subsidiary, Foshan Keliang New Energy Industry Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Foshan Kelian”), was authorized to manage this process. For more details, please refer to the Announcement on the Public Tender of Kelian Building Operation, Leasing and Property Management Services by the Majority-Owned Subsidiary disclosed on June 15, 2022, on the www.cninfo.com.cn. After the public bidding process, Guangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Huajian Group”) was selected as the winning

bidder in October 2022. For more information, please refer to the Announcement on a Related-Party Transaction Due to a Call for Public Bids disclosed on October 11, 2022, on the www.cninfo.com.cn.In April 2023, Foshan Kelian signed the Kelian Building Operation and Leasing Service Contract with Huajian Group, entrusting Huajian Group with the operation and leasing of 70,340.04 square meters of property, including the industrial (R&D center) space in Building 1, commercial (service apartments), commercial (shops), and part of the underground parking lot. The operation and leasing service period is ten years, starting from January 1, 2025. Projects that resulted in profits or losses exceeding 10% of the Company’s total profit during the Reporting Period :

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

(2) Contracting

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

(3) Leases  Applicable □ Not applicable Notes to leases: The significant lease matters of the Company during the Reporting Period are as follows:
Name of lessorName of lesseeStatus of leased assetsLease amountDate of commence ment of leaseDate of expiry of leasePurpose
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.FSL54/F, Guangdong Rising International TowerRent-free period: Two months; from November 10, 2024 to September 9, 2026, the monthly rent is RMB293,144.02; from September 10, 2026 to September 9, 2027, the monthly rent is RMB307,801.22.September 10, 2024September 9, 2027Office
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.NationStar OptoelectronicsSelf-numbered 01, 50/F, Guangdong Rising International TowerRMB1,296,000.00/yearSeptember 10, 2024September 9, 2027Office
Suzhou Xiangcheng High-tech Industrial Development Co., Ltd.Liaowang Auto Lamp (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.5# Workshop, 100 Wulingqiao Road, Huangdai Town, Xiangcheng District, SuzhouFrom December 15, 2024 to<br><br>December 14, 2027, the annual rent is RMB5,093,326.08; from<br>December 15, 2027 to December 14, 2029, the annual rent is RMB4,138,327.44 . In the first three years, certain conditions can allow for a reduction or exemption of the annual rent. In the fourth and fifth years of the lease, meeting specific<br>December 15, 2024December 14, 2029Office & worksh op
conditions can lead to a reduction or exemption of six months’ rent for that year.

Leases with a greater-than-10% impact on the Company’s gross profit during the Reporting Period:

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

  • 2. Major guarantees  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB’0,000

Guarantees provided by the Company and its subsidiaries for external parties (exclusive of those for subsidiaries)
ObligorDisclosu re date of the guarante e line announc ementLine of guarante eActual occurren ce dateActual guarantee amountType of guarant eeCollatera l (if any)Counter guarante e (if any)Term of guarante eHaving expired or notGuarante e for a related party or not
Total approved line for such guarantees provided for external parties in the Reporting Period (A1)Total actual amount of such guarantees provided for external parties in the Reporting Period (A2)
Total approved line for such guarantees at the end of the Reporting Period (A3)Total actual balance of such guarantees at the end of the Reporting Period (A4)
Guarantees provided by the Company for its subsidiaries
ObligorDisclosu re date of the guarante e line announc ementLine of guarante eActual occurren ce dateActual guarantee amountType of guarant eeCollatera l (if any)Counter guarante e (if any)Term of guarante eHaving expired or notGuarante e for a related party or not
Total approved line for such guarantees provided for subsidiaries in the Reporting Period (B1)Total actual amount of such guarantees provided for subsidiaries in the Reporting Period (B2)
Total approved line for such guarantees at the end of the Reporting Period (B3)Total actual balance of such guarantees at the end of the Reporting Period (B4)
Guarantees provided between subsidiaries
ObligorDisclosu re date of the guarante e line announc ementLine of guarante eActual occurren ce dateActual guarantee amountType of guarant eeCollatera l (if any)Counter guarante e (if any)Term of guarante eHaving expired or notGuarante e for a related party or not
Chongqi ng Guinuo Lighting Technol ogy Co., Ltd.April 25,<br><br>2025 and April 15,<br>2026<br>7,000October 10, 20251,959.57Mortga gedYesNoneJune 23, 2025 to June 22, 2027NoNo
Zhejiang Hule Electrica l Equipme nt Manufac turing Co., Ltd.April 25,<br><br>2025 and April 15,<br>2026<br>2,000August 21, 20231,968.14Mortga gedYesNoneAugust 21, 2023 to August 20, 2028NoNo
Total approved line for such guarantees provided between subsidiaries in the Reporting Period (C1)29,900Total actual amount of such guarantees provided between subsidiaries in the Reporting Period (C2)3,927.71
Total approved line for such guarantees at the end of the Reporting Period (C3)29,900Total actual balance of such guarantees at the end of the Reporting Period (C4)3,927.71
Total guarantee amount (total of the three kinds of guarantees above)
Total guarantee line approved in the Reporting Period (A1+B1+C1)29,900Total actual guarantee amount in the Reporting Period (A2+B2+C2)3,927.71
Total approved guarantee line at the end of the Reporting Period (A3+B3+C3)29,900Total actual guarantee balance at the end of the Reporting Period (A4+B4+C4)3,927.71
Total guarantee balance (A4+B4+C4) as % of the Company’s equity0.58%

Compound guarantees:

None. Other notes: As at June 30, 2026, guarantees between Liaowang Auto Lamp and its subsidiaries and collaterals are set out in “3. Other Information” under XVI in Part VIII of this Report.

3. Cash Entrusted for Wealth Management  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB’0,000

Product categoryRisk characteristicsBalance of cash entrusted for wealth management at the period-endUnrecovered overdue amount
Otherlow risk170,343.020

Asset management conducted by financial institutions under entrustment of the Company as the sole client, or high-risk wealth management with low security or low liquidity:  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB’0,000

TrusteeType of trusteeRisk characte risticsProd uct cate goryAmountStart dateEnd dateUse of capitalActual gain/loss during the periodRecover y of such gain/lossIndex to overview and other information (if any)
Foshan Branch of Bank of Communi cationsBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit5,000August 31, 2023August 31, 2026Other72.9To be recovere dhttp://www. cninfo.com. cn/: Announcem ent No.<br><br>2023-007 on Entrustment of Some Idle Funds for Wealth Manageme nt; Announcem ent No.<br>2024-005 on Using Partial Idle Raised Funds for Cash Manageme nt; Announcem ent No. 2024-017 on Entrustment of Some Idle Funds for Wealth Manageme nt;<br>
Guangzho u Branch of China Everbrigh t BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit10,000November 3, 2023November 3, 2026Other143.81To be recovere d
Foshan Hujing Subbranch of Bank of GuangZh ouBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit15,000December 1, 2023December 1, 2026Other219.43To be recovere d
Foshan Hujing Sub-BankLow riskLarg edeno21,200February 5, 2024February 5, 2027Other289.1To be recovere d
branch of Bank of GuangZh oumina tion certi ficat e of depo sitAnnouncem ent No. 2025-010 on Entrustment of Some Idle Funds for Wealth Manageme nt; Announcem ent No.<br><br>2025-020 on the Signing of a Financial Service Agreement with Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.; Announcem ent No.<br><br>2025-060 on Using Partial Idle Raised Funds for Cash Manageme nt; Announcem ent No.<br>2026-002 on Entrustment of Some Idle Funds for Wealth Manageme nt; Announcem ent No.<br><br><br>2026-016 on the Signing of a Financial Service Agreement with Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.<br>
Guangzho u Branch of China Everbrigh t BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit5,500February 5, 2024February 5, 2027Other70.91To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Huaxia BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit14,300February 5, 2024February 5, 2027Other184.37To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of China Merchant s BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit5,200February 5, 2024February 5, 2027Other72.53To be recovere d
Luso Internatio nal Banking Limited Guangzho u BranchBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit12,100May 28, 2026November 28, 2026Other19.72To be recovere d
Luso Internatio nal Banking Limited Guangzho u BranchBankLow riskTer m depo sit35.31May 28, 2026November 28, 2026Other0.06To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managemLow riskTer m depo sit500July 17, 2025July 17, 2026Other3.36To be recovere d
ent institution
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit2,000March 31, 2026September 30, 2026Other10.11To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of China Merchant s BankBankLow riskTer m depo sit120July 2, 2025July 2, 2026Other0.57To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit1,500March 4, 2026September 4, 2026Other9.62To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit1,500April 7, 2026July 7, 2026Other6.24To be recovere d
Guangzho u Airport Subbranch of SPD BankBankLow riskTer m depo sit2,000March 10, 2026September 9, 2026Other7.36To be recovere d
Guangzho u Airport Subbranch of SPD BankBankLow riskTer m depo sit100April 23, 2026July 23, 2026Other0.19To be recovere d
Guangzho u Airport Subbranch of SPD BankBankLow riskTer m depo sit501June 6, 2026September 6, 2026Other0.33To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit1,000March 30, 2026September 30, 2026Other5.04To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit1,100April 16, 2026October 16, 2026Other4.52To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem entLow riskTer m depo sit1,100April 16, 2026October 16, 2026Other4.52To be recovere d
institution
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit400May 12, 2026November 12, 2026Other1.07To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Huaxia BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit15,000March 8, 2024March 8, 2027Other193.4To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of China Merchant s BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit3,500March 29 , 2024March 29 , 2027Other45.13To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of China Merchant s BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit3,000April 30, 2024April 30, 2027Other38.68To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Guangdon g Huaxing BankBankLow riskLarg edeno mina tion certi ficat e of depo sit10,000January 9, 2026January 8, 2029Other94.79To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit5,000March 10, 2026September 10, 2026Other30.96To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managemLow riskTer m depo sit10,000March 25, 2026September 25, 2026Other53.7To be recovere d
ent institution
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit2,000April 23, 2026July 23, 2026Other6.81To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Industrial and Commerc ial Bank of ChinaBankLow riskTer m depo sit681.09April 29, 2026July 29, 2026Other4.33To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Industrial and Commerc ial Bank of ChinaBankLow riskTer m depo sit681.09April 29, 2026August 29, 2026Other4.33To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Industrial and Commerc ial Bank of ChinaBankLow riskTer m depo sit681.09April 29, 2026September 29, 2026Other4.33To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Industrial and Commerc ial Bank of ChinaBankLow riskTer m depo sit4,427.0 9April 29, 2026December 29, 2026Other28.19To be recovere d
Rising FinanceOther profession al wealth managem ent institutionLow riskTer m depo sit5,000June 24, 2026June 24, 2027Other2.3To be recovere d
Foshan Branch of Bank of ChinaBankLow riskTer m depo sit10,216. 35June 24, 2026July 24, 2026Other7.12To be recovere d
Total170,343 .02------1,639.83----
4. Other Significant Contracts

□ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases during the Reporting Period.

XIII Communications with the Investment Community such as Researches, Inquiries and Interviews  Applicable □ Not applicable

DatePlaceWay of communicationType of visitorVisitorMain discussions and materials providedIndex to communicati on information
May 15, 2026www.p5w.netThrough an online platformOtherOnline investorsInvestor Relations Activities Log Sheet No. 202601Investor Relations Activities Log Sheet No. 2026-01 disclosed by the Company on www.cninfo. com.cn on May 15, 2026

XIV Other Significant Events  Applicable □ Not applicable

The Company’s majority-owned subsidiary, Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (stock name: NationStar Optoelectronics, stock code: 002449), plans to issue no more than 185,543,150 A-shares (inclusive) to specific entities, raising a total of no more than RMB970.1239 million (inclusive). The raised funds will be used for the “Ultra-High Definition Display Mini/Micro LED and Display Module Production Project”, “Optoelectronic Sensing and Smart Health Devices Industrialization Project”, “Smart Home Display and Mini Backlight Module Project”, “Smart Automotive Components and Applications Project”, “NationStar Optoelectronics R&D Laboratory Project”, and “Supplementing Working Capital”. The Company plans to use its own funds (excluding the raised funds) to subscribe to the A-shares issued by NationStar Optoelectronics to specific entities, with an investment amount of RMB116 million. The final number of shares subscribed will be determined based on Nationstar Optoelectronics’ actual issue price. On May 14, 2026, the application of NationStar Optoelectronics for the issuance of shares to specific entities obtained the official registration approval issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC). For more details, please refer to announcements including the Announcement on Participating in the Subscription for A-shares Issued by the Majority-Owned Subsidiary, NationStar Optoelectronics, to Specific Entities in 2025 disclosed by the Company on July 11, 2025 on www.cninfo.com.cn, as well as the Prospectus for the Issuance of A-Shares to Specific Entities (Registration

Version) and the Announcement on the Receipt of Registration Approval from the China Securities Regulatory Commission for the Application for Issuance of Shares to Specific Entities disclosed by NationStar Optoelectronics on May 19, 2026 on www.cninfo.com.cn.

XV Significant Events of Subsidiaries  Applicable □ Not applicable

1. NationStar Optoelectronics’ plan to issue A-shares to specific entities

To seize industry development opportunities, optimize its product structure, increase its technological reserves, enhance its R&D capabilities, and further strengthen its core competitiveness and sustainable development capacity, NationStar Optoelectronics plans to issue no more than 185,543,150 A-shares (inclusive) to specific entities. The total amount of raised funds will not exceed RMB970.1239 million (inclusive), which will be used for the “Ultra-High Definition Display Mini/Micro LED and Display Module Production Project”, “Optoelectronic Sensing and Smart Health Devices Industrialization Project”, “Smart Home Display and Mini Backlight Module Project”, “Smart Automotive Components and Applications Project”, “NationStar Optoelectronics R&D Laboratory Project”, and “Supplementing Working Capital”. On May 14, 2026, the application of NationStar Optoelectronics for the issuance of shares to specific entities obtained the official registration approval issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC). For more details, please refer to announcements including the Prospectus for the Issuance of A-Shares to Specific Entities (Registration Version) and the Announcement on the Receipt of Registration Approval from the China Securities Regulatory Commission for the Application for Issuance of Shares to Specific Entities disclosed by NationStar Optoelectronics on May 19, 2026 on www.cninfo.com.cn.

Part VI Share Changes and Shareholder Information

I Share Changes

1. Share Changes

Unit: share

BeforeIncrease/decrease during the period (+/-)After
SharesPercentage (%)New issuesShares as dividend converted from profitShares as dividend converted from capital reservesOtherSubtotalSharesPercentage (%)
1. Restricted shares10,537,8020.69%00024,885-24,88510,512,9170.68%
1.1 Shares held by state00.00%0000000.00%
1.2 Shares held by state-owned legal persons10.00%0000010.00%
1.3 Shares held by other domestic investors1,610,1690.10%00024,885-24,8851,585,2840.10%
Among which: Shares held by domestic legal persons1,338,4340.09%000001,338,4340.09%
Shares held by domestic natural persons271,7350.02%00024,885-24,885246,8500.02%
1.4 Shares<br><br>held by foreign investors8,927,6320.58%000008,927,6320.58%
Among which: Shares held by foreign legal persons00.00%0000000.00%
Shares held by foreign natural persons8,927,6320.58%000008,927,6320.58%
2. Unrestricted shares1,525,240,42899.31%00024,88524,8851,525,265,31399.32%
2.1 RMBdenominated ordinary shares1,230,494,82280.12%00024,88524,8851,230,519,70780.12%
2.2<br><br>Domestically listed foreign shares294,745,60619.19%00000294,745,60619.19%
2.3 Overseas listed foreign shares00.00%0000000.00%
2.4 Other00.00%0000000.00%
3. Total shares1,535,778,230100.00%000001,535,778,230100.00%

Reasons for share changes:  Applicable □ Not applicable In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange governing the shareholding changes of directors and senior management, the number of restricted shares of the Company decreased by24,885 shares during the Reporting Period due to the resignation of certain former supervisors and senior management. Approval of share changes:

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Transfer of share ownership:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Progress on any share repurchases:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Progress on reducing the repurchased shares by means of centralized bidding:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Effects of share changes on the basic and diluted earnings per share, equity per share attributable to the Company’s ordinary shareholders and other financial indicators of the prior year and the prior accounting period, respectively:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Other information that the Company considers necessary or is required by the securities regulator to be disclosed:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable
2. Changes in Restricted Shares  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: share

Name of shareholderOpening restricted sharesRestricted shares unlocked during the periodIncrease in restricted shares during the periodClosing restricted sharesReason for restrictionDate of unlocking
Zhang Yong77,59619,400058,196Restricted shares of former directors, supervisors and senior managementSubject to rules governing restricted shares for directors, supervisors and senior management
Tang Qionglan75,94018,985056,955Restricted shares of former directors, supervisors and senior managementSubject to rules governing restricted shares for directors, supervisors and senior management
Zhang Xiubo0013,50013,500Restricted shares of former directors, supervisors and senior managementSubject to rules governing restricted shares for directors, supervisors and senior management
Total153,53638,38513,500128,651----

II Issuance and Listing of Securities

□ Applicable  Not applicable

III Shareholders and Their Shareholdings at the Period-End

Unit: share

Number of ordinary shareholders at the periodend78,386Number of preference shareholders with resumed voting rights at the period-end (if any) (see note 8)0
5% or greater shareholders or top 10 shareholders (exclusive of shares lent in refinancing)
Name of shareholderNature of shareholderSharehold ing percentag eTotal shares held at the period-endIncrease/de crease in the Reporting PeriodRestricte d shares heldUnrestrict ed shares heldShares in pledge, marked or frozen
StatusShares
Hong Kong Wah Shing Holding Company LimitedOverseas corporation12.85%197,338,98 000197,338,9 80N/A0
Prosperity Lamps &Overseas corporation9.57%146,934,85 700146,934,8 57N/A0
Component s Limited
Guangdong Electronics Informatio n Industry Group Ltd.State-owned corporation9.35%143,623,84 600143,623,8 46N/A0
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.State-owned corporation8.45%129,826,79 300129,826,7 93N/A0
SDIC Securities (Hong Kong) Limited (formerly SDICS Internation al Securities (Hong Kong) Limited)Overseas corporation1.69%25,981,5300025,981,53 0N/A0
Rising Investment Developme nt LimitedOverseas corporation1.66%25,482,2520025,482,25 2N/A0
Zhang ShaowuDomestic individual1.11%17,000,0000017,000,00 0N/A0
Zhuang JianyiOverseas individual0.78%11,903,50908,927,6322,975,877N/A0
Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company LimitedOverseas corporation0.47%7,159,239-803,11607,159,239N/A0
Zhu ShangmingDomestic individual0.44%6,780,000-143,21706,780,000N/A0
Strategic investor or general corporation becoming a top10 shareholder in a rights issue (if any) (see note 3)None
Related or acting-in-concert parties among the shareholders aboveAmong the top 10 shareholders, Hong Kong Wah Shing Holding Company Limited, Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd., Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd. and Rising Investment Development Limited are acting-in-concert parties; Prosperity Lamps & Components Limited and Zhuang Jianyi are acting-in-concert parties. Apart from that, it is unknown whether there is among the top 10 shareholders any other related parties or acting-inconcert parties as defined in the Administrative Measures for the Acquisition of Listed Companies.
Shareholders above entrusting/entrusted with or waiving voting rightsNone
Repurchased share account (if any) among the top 10 shareholders (see note 11)None
Top 10 unrestricted shareholders (exclusive of shares lent in refinancing and locked shares of senior management)
Name of shareholderUnrestricted shares held at the period-endShares by class
ClassShares
Hong Kong Wah Shing Holding Company Limited197,338,980RMBdenominated ordinary stock188,496,43 0
Domestically listed overseas stock8,842,550
Prosperity Lamps & Components Limited146,934,857RMBdenominated ordinary stock146,934,85 7
Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.143,623,846RMBdenominated ordinary stock143,623,84 6
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.129,826,793RMBdenominated ordinary stock129,826,79 3
SDIC Securities (Hong Kong) Limited (formerly SDICS International Securities (Hong Kong) Limited)25,981,530Domestically listed overseas stock25,981,530
Rising Investment Development Limited25,482,252Domestically listed overseas stock25,482,252
Zhang Shaowu17,000,000RMBdenominated ordinary stock17,000,000
Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited7,159,239RMBdenominated ordinary stock7,159,239
Zhu Shangming6,780,000RMBdenominated ordinary stock6,780,000
Liu Wei4,830,035Domestically listed overseas stock4,830,035
Related or acting-in-concert parties among the top 10 unrestricted shareholders, as well as between the top 10 unrestricted shareholders and the top 10 shareholdersAmong the top 10 unrestricted shareholders, Hong Kong Wah Shing Holding Company Limited, Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd., Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd. and Rising Investment Development Limited are acting-in-concert parties. Apart from that, it is unknown whether there is among the top 10 shareholders any other related parties or acting-inconcert parties as defined in the Administrative Measures for the Acquisition of Listed Companies.
Top 10 ordinary shareholders involved in securities margin trading (if any) (see note 4)None

5% or greater shareholders, top 10 shareholders and top 10 unrestricted public shareholders involved in refinancing shares lending:

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Changes in top 10 shareholders and top 10 unrestricted public shareholders due to refinancing shares
  • lending/return compared with the prior period:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Indicate whether any of the top 10 ordinary shareholders or the top 10 unrestricted ordinary shareholders of the Company conducted any promissory repo during the Reporting Period.
  • □ Yes  No No such cases during the Reporting Period.

IV Change in Shareholdings of Directors and Senior Management

□ Applicable  Not applicable No changes occurred to the shareholdings of the directors and senior management in the Reporting Period. See Annual Report 2025 for more details.

V Change of the Controlling Shareholder or the Actual Controller If the Company previously disclosed that the actual controller plans a change of control which has not yet been finalized, please elaborate on the latest progress of such change of control arrangement.

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Change of the controlling shareholder in the Reporting Period
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases in the Reporting Period. Change of the actual controller in the Reporting Period
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases in the Reporting Period.
  • VI Preference Shares
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No preference shares during the Reporting Period.
  • Part VII Bonds
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable

Part VIII Financial Statements

  • I Auditor’s Report Indicate whether the interim financial statements have been audited by an independent auditor.

□ Yes  No The interim financial statements are unaudited by an independent auditor.

  • II Financial Statements Currency unit for the financial statements and the notes thereto: RMB
1. Consolidated Balance Sheet

Prepared by Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd.

June 30, 2026

Unit: RMB

ItemJune 30, 2026January 1, 2026
Current assets:
Monetary assets2,393,469,742.643,455,743,091.17
Settlement reserve
Interbank loans granted
Held-for-trading financial assets2,106,282.552,768,997.33
Derivative financial assets
Notes receivable753,261,897.52732,835,152.15
Accounts receivable2,085,974,309.712,173,325,283.78
Accounts receivable financing467,728,813.47415,949,788.02
Prepayments43,352,197.0549,790,049.31
Premiums receivable
Reinsurance receivables
Receivable reinsurance contract reserve
Other receivables51,718,835.8582,678,537.89
Including: Interest receivable
Dividends receivable
Financial assets purchased under resale agreements
Inventories2,341,737,044.792,163,660,652.65
Including: Data resources
Contract assets225,336.26450,672.52
Assets held for sale
Current portion of non-current assets1,042,833,211.63429,862,721.67
Other current assets716,647,857.85221,586,381.03
Total current assets9,899,055,529.329,728,651,327.52
Non-current assets:
Loans and advances to customers
Debt investments
Other debt investments100,947,945.20720,083,694.31
Long-term receivables
Long-term equity investments185,497,823.30184,806,652.92
Other equity investments457,691,201.25471,794,043.90
Other non-current financial assets
Investment property800,948,005.13810,582,038.87
Fixed assets3,504,249,535.773,586,917,576.90
Construction in progress250,251,499.08223,949,659.06
Productive living assets
Oil and gas assets
Right-of-use assets17,967,235.7223,771,544.09
Intangible assets399,102,087.19383,525,440.66
Including: Data resources
Development costs
Including: Data resources
Goodwill245,346,155.52245,346,155.52
Long-term prepaid expense362,934,372.98335,938,420.48
Deferred income tax assets140,479,625.48144,164,584.33
Other non-current assets245,702,277.33307,714,497.11
Total non-current assets6,711,117,763.957,438,594,308.15
Total assets16,610,173,293.2717,167,245,635.67
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings581,589,947.26635,015,074.86
Borrowings from the central bank
Interbank loans obtained
Held-for-trading financial liabilities441,690.00
Derivative financial liabilities
Notes payable1,994,470,163.702,179,070,444.41
Accounts payable2,310,647,251.692,443,871,780.95
Advances from customers303,123.79328,004.34
Contract liabilities101,215,408.89140,787,246.73
Financial assets sold under repurchase agreements
Customer deposits and interbank deposits
Payables for acting trading of securities
Payables for underwriting of securities
Employee benefits payable149,232,052.39167,248,995.64
Taxes payable56,611,646.8391,181,551.13
Other payables334,721,375.64372,152,039.73
Including: Interest payable
Dividends payable17,174,211.40
Handling charges and commissions payable
Reinsurance payables
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale
Current portion of non-current liabilities103,993,780.96131,296,264.00
Other current liabilities162,099,708.7881,286,297.53
Total current liabilities5,795,326,149.936,242,237,699.32
Non-current liabilities:
Insurance contract reserve
Long-term borrowings179,420,949.27192,915,075.78
Bonds payable
Including: Preferred shares
Perpetual bonds
Lease liabilities11,035,419.4015,354,724.02
Long-term payables
Long-term employee benefits payable
Provisions18,892,687.0417,991,357.40
Deferred income109,623,697.98116,931,745.07
Deferred income tax liabilities142,483,986.65150,196,615.46
Other non-current liabilities107,831.23107,831.23
Total non-current liabilities461,564,571.57493,497,348.96
Total liabilities6,256,890,721.506,735,735,048.28
Owners’ equity:
Share capital1,535,778,230.001,535,778,230.00
Other equity instruments
Including: Preferred shares
Perpetual bonds
Capital reserves843,412,968.15843,517,955.90
Less: Treasury stock
Other comprehensive income197,635,728.60227,147,391.31
Specific reserve5,135,099.203,436,494.07
Surplus reserves189,358,133.42189,358,133.42
General reserve
Retained earnings4,000,499,026.024,035,582,297.14
Total equity attributable to owners of the parent company6,771,819,185.396,834,820,501.84
Non-controlling interests3,581,463,386.383,596,690,085.55
Total owners’ equity10,353,282,571.7710,431,510,587.39
Total liabilities and owners’ equity16,610,173,293.2717,167,245,635.67

Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin

Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua

Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

2. Balance Sheet of the Parent Company

Unit: RMB

ItemJune 30, 2026January 1, 2026
Current assets:
Monetary assets1,048,689,839.261,354,400,356.07
Held-for-trading financial assets
Derivative financial assets
Notes receivable39,956,359.0133,202,567.04
Accounts receivable745,340,102.97757,126,588.99
Accounts receivable financing49,463,469.0629,172,106.24
Prepayments11,290,444.297,277,923.25
Other receivables916,781,984.891,044,883,403.20
Including: Interest receivable
Dividends receivable
Inventories279,610,946.88220,389,239.43
Including: Data resources
Contract assets225,336.26450,672.52
Assets held for sale
Current portion of non-current assets785,326,339.57270,515,498.49
Other current assets441,734,130.835,407,515.23
Total current assets4,318,418,953.023,722,825,870.46
Non-current assets:
Debt investments
Other debt investments100,947,945.20625,345,689.25
Long-term receivables
Long-term equity investments2,445,060,489.422,444,369,319.04
Other equity investments407,408,657.45421,511,500.10
Other non-current financial assets
Investment property175,395,333.64180,291,877.15
Fixed assets565,396,796.14568,691,612.66
Construction in progress31,980,968.795,598,939.90
Productive living assets
Oil and gas assets
Right-of-use assets9,380,351.915,110,635.01
Intangible assets57,437,614.6859,201,009.37
Including: Data resources
Development costs
Including: Data resources
Goodwill
Long-term prepaid expense21,779,743.5727,595,661.99
Deferred income tax assets33,124,914.4635,139,464.32
Other non-current assets218,087,289.27223,815,163.18
Total non-current assets4,066,000,104.534,596,670,871.97
Total assets8,384,419,057.558,319,496,742.43
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings118,913,127.90182,549,560.55
Held-for-trading financial liabilities441,690.00
Derivative financial liabilities
Notes payable777,385,318.29579,751,378.73
Accounts payable886,956,004.41790,542,018.91
Advances from customers
Contract liabilities42,009,898.3458,106,760.51
Employee benefits payable45,537,618.1250,035,740.83
Taxes payable16,865,718.2911,014,777.31
Other payables307,680,236.44362,102,666.77
Including: Interest payable
Dividends payable15,183,661.90
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale
Current portion of non-current liabilities9,240,026.403,212,484.76
Other current liabilities32,030,311.7726,128,291.20
Total current liabilities2,237,059,949.962,063,443,679.57
Non-current liabilities:
Long-term borrowings
Bonds payable
Including: Preferred shares
Perpetual bonds
Lease liabilities582,825.252,303,924.37
Long-term payables
Long-term employee benefits payable
Provisions
Deferred income
Deferred income tax liabilities36,349,710.3940,097,179.24
Other non-current liabilities
Total non-current liabilities36,932,535.6442,401,103.61
Total liabilities2,273,992,485.602,105,844,783.18
Owners’ equity:
Share capital1,535,778,230.001,535,778,230.00
Other equity instruments
Including: Preferred shares
Perpetual bonds
Capital reserves839,893,397.29839,893,397.29
Less: Treasury stock
Other comprehensive income203,108,693.33227,973,609.59
Specific reserve1,541,353.10522,569.87
Surplus reserves420,662,202.66420,662,202.66
Retained earnings3,109,442,695.573,188,821,949.84
Total owners’ equity6,110,426,571.956,213,651,959.25
Total liabilities and owners’ equity8,384,419,057.558,319,496,742.43

Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin

Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua

Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

3. Consolidated Income Statement

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
1. Revenue4,095,104,770.434,385,731,119.78
Including: Operating revenue4,095,104,770.434,385,731,119.78
Interest revenue
Insurance premium income
Handling charge and commission income
2. Costs and expenses4,106,681,144.924,257,961,593.80
Including: Cost of sales3,399,086,469.723,565,320,556.68
Interest costs
Handling charge and commission expense
Surrenders
Net insurance claims paid
Net provision for insurance liabilities
Expenditure on policy dividends
Reinsurance premium expense
Taxes and surcharges36,877,962.9035,195,442.18
Selling expense183,274,789.02182,892,072.03
Administrative expense228,475,452.05224,001,579.55
R&D expense244,395,778.09267,669,599.53
Finance costs14,570,693.14-17,117,656.17
Including: Interest expense11,351,786.448,116,483.14
Interest income18,626,457.6720,148,088.69
Add: Other income40,191,280.0045,245,132.45
Return on investment (“-” for loss)28,114,634.6327,447,075.84
Including: Share of profit or loss of joint ventures and associates691,170.38646,719.77
Income from the derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost (“-” for loss)
Exchange gain (“-” for loss)
Net gain on exposure hedges (“-” for loss)
Gain on changes in fair value (“-” for loss)-1,792,904.78345,894.65
Credit impairment loss (“-” for loss)-3,924,527.64-12,101,495.69
Asset impairment loss (“-” for loss)-39,884,970.01-22,424,871.33
Asset disposal income (“-” for loss)2,743,111.71-64,693.00
3. Operating profit (“-” for loss)13,870,249.42166,216,568.90
Add: Non-operating income10,678,496.712,113,315.35
Less: Non-operating expense1,703,745.672,087,195.60
4. Profit before tax (“-” for loss)22,845,000.46166,242,688.65
Less: Income tax expense16,220,421.5418,318,812.92
5. Net profit (“-” for net loss)6,624,578.92147,923,875.73
5.1 By operating continuity
5.1.1 Net profit from continuing operations (“-” for net loss)6,624,578.92147,923,875.73
5.1.2 Net profit from discontinued operations (“-” for net loss)
5.2 By ownership
5.2.1 Net profit attributable to owners of the parent company (“-” for net loss)41,705,640.38114,993,752.24
5.2.1 Net profit attributable to noncontrolling interests (“-” for net loss)-35,081,061.4632,930,123.49
6. Other comprehensive income, net of tax-30,765,711.16213,491,772.64
Attributable to owners of the parent company-29,511,662.71213,835,708.05
6.1 Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss-24,864,916.26214,283,065.88
6.1.1 Changes caused by remeasurements on defined benefit schemes
6.1.2 Other comprehensive<br><br>income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss under the equity method
6.1.3 Changes in the fair value of other equity investments-24,864,916.26214,283,065.88
6.1.4 Changes in the fair value arising from changes in own credit risk
6.1.5 Other
6.2 Items that will be reclassified to profit or loss-4,646,746.45-447,357.83
6.2.1 Other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to profit or loss under the equity method
6.2.2 Changes in the fair value of other debt investments
6.2.3 Other comprehensive income arising from the reclassification of financial assets
6.2.4 Credit impairment allowance for other debt investments
6.2.5 Reserve for cash flow hedges
6.2.6 Differences arising from the translation of foreign currencydenominated financial statements-4,646,746.45-447,357.83
6.2.7 Other
Attributable to non-controlling interests-1,254,048.45-343,935.41
7. Total comprehensive income-24,141,132.24361,415,648.37
Attributable to owners of the parent company12,193,977.67328,829,460.29
Attributable to non-controlling interests-36,335,109.9132,586,188.08
8. Earnings per share
8.1 Basic earnings per share0.02720.0749
8.2 Diluted earnings per share0.02720.0748

Where business combinations under common control occurred in the current period, the net profit achieved by the acquirees before

the combinations was RMB0.00, with the amount for the same period of last year being RMB0.00.

Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin

Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua

Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

4. Income Statement of the Parent Company

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
1. Operating revenue1,379,496,700.641,375,713,664.69
Less: Cost of sales1,129,938,672.081,098,937,232.29
Taxes and surcharges13,983,884.8213,565,054.39
Selling expense118,018,925.63124,554,920.28
Administrative expense74,476,172.6378,778,907.88
R&D expense55,827,049.6763,700,067.52
Finance costs13,629,398.82-5,528,642.24
Including: Interest costs1,914,559.40860,302.39
Interest revenue7,695,409.025,633,071.27
Add: Other income2,653,805.623,932,905.05
Return on investment (“-” for loss)25,542,187.7731,566,338.46
Including: Share of profit or loss of joint ventures and associates691,170.38646,719.77
Income from the derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost (“-” for loss)
Net gain on exposure hedges (“-” for loss)
Gain on changes in fair value (“-” for loss)-1,130,190.00134,700.00
Credit impairment loss (“-” for loss)-479,040.24-3,137,238.29
Asset impairment loss (“-” for loss)-8,898,677.03-8,828,838.84
Asset disposal income (“-” for loss)
2. Operating profit (“-” for loss)-8,689,316.8925,373,990.95
Add: Non-operating income10,002,776.6426,638.49
Less: Non-operating expense1,088,503.45524,656.29
3. Profit before tax (“-” for loss)224,956.3024,875,973.15
Less: Income tax expense2,815,299.07-550,639.58
4. Net profit (“-” for net loss)-2,590,342.7725,426,612.73
4.1 Net profit from continuing operations (“-” for net loss)-2,590,342.7725,426,612.73
4.2 Net profit from discontinued operations (“-” for net loss)
5. Other comprehensive income, net of tax-24,864,916.26214,283,065.88
5.1 Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss-24,864,916.26214,283,065.88
5.1.1 Changes caused by remeasurements on defined benefit
schemes
5.1.2 Other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss under the equity method
5.1.3 Changes in the fair value of other equity investments-24,864,916.26214,283,065.88
5.1.4 Changes in the fair value arising from changes in own credit risk
5.1.5 Other
5.2 Items that will be reclassified to profit or loss
5.2.1 Other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to profit or loss under the equity method
5.2.2 Changes in the fair value of other debt investments
5.2.3 Other comprehensive income arising from the reclassification of financial assets
5.2.4 Credit impairment allowance for other debt investments
5.2.5 Reserve for cash flow hedges
5.2.6 Differences arising from the translation of foreign currencydenominated financial statements
5.2.7 Other
6. Total comprehensive income-27,455,259.03239,709,678.61
7. Earnings per share
7.1 Basic earnings per share
7.2 Diluted earnings per share

Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin

Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua

Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

5. Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
1. Cash flows from operating activities:
Proceeds from sale of commodities and rendering of services3,845,597,497.394,100,249,556.88
Net increase in customer deposits and interbank deposits
Net increase in borrowings from the central bank
Net increase in loans from other financial institutions
Premiums received on original insurance contracts
Net proceeds from reinsurance
Net increase in deposits and investments of policy holders
Interest, handling charges and commissions received
Net increase in interbank loans obtained
Net increase in proceeds from repurchase transactions
Net proceeds from acting trading of securities
Tax rebates81,095,038.0988,415,257.94
Cash generated from other operating activities78,826,438.0898,470,018.95
Subtotal of cash generated from operating activities4,005,518,973.564,287,134,833.77
Payments for commodities and services2,979,290,624.623,072,000,160.70
Net increase in loans and advances to customers
Net increase in deposits in the central bank and in interbank loans granted
Payments for claims on original insurance contracts
Net increase in interbank loans granted
Interest, handling charges and commissions paid
Policy dividends paid
Cash paid to and for employees775,373,509.65793,037,980.68
Taxes paid184,920,316.79197,243,157.16
Cash used in other operating activities183,137,422.95215,008,522.28
Subtotal of cash used in operating activities4,122,721,874.014,277,289,820.82
Net cash generated from/used in operating activities-117,202,900.459,845,012.95
2. Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from disinvestment241,658,273.00386,722,784.87
Return on investment18,114,395.3312,193,550.27
Net proceeds from the disposal of fixed assets, intangible assets and other long-lived assets8,884,051.3343,414.00
Net proceeds from the disposal of subsidiaries and other business units
Cash generated from other investing activities23,042,757.16
Subtotal of cash generated from268,656,719.66422,002,506.30
investing activities
Payments for the acquisition of fixed assets, intangible assets and other longlived assets173,500,086.71188,617,109.18
Payments for investments687,789,182.91252,320,000.00
Net increase in pledged loans granted
Net payments for the acquisition of subsidiaries and other business units
Cash used in other investing activities76,800.00
Subtotal of cash used in investing activities861,366,069.62440,937,109.18
Net cash generated from/used in investing activities-592,709,349.96-18,934,602.88
3. Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital contributions received22,467,537.92
Including: Capital contributions by non-controlling interests to subsidiaries22,467,537.92
Borrowings raised194,011,449.4263,768,004.07
Cash generated from other financing activities153,423,890.9035,675,972.28
Subtotal of cash generated from financing activities369,902,878.2499,443,976.35
Repayment of borrowings458,696,883.36184,157,032.76
Interest and dividends paid85,112,466.4230,690,680.79
Including: Dividends paid by subsidiaries to non-controlling interests1,994,549.9224,282,863.70
Cash used in other financing activities2,774,547.1716,484,020.64
Subtotal of cash used in financing activities546,583,896.95231,331,734.19
Net cash generated from/used in financing activities-176,681,018.71-131,887,757.84
4. Effect of foreign exchange rates changes on cash and cash equivalents-22,073,526.722,424,112.08
5. Net increase in cash and cash equivalents-908,666,795.84-138,553,235.69
Add: Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period2,819,359,299.722,684,382,020.41
6. Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period1,910,692,503.882,545,828,784.72

Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin

Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua

Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

6. Cash Flow Statement of the Parent Company

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
1. Cash flows from operating activities:
Proceeds from sale of commodities and rendering of services1,188,445,554.551,309,774,743.22
Tax rebates46,128,741.6243,232,841.35
Cash generated from other operating activities198,771,681.1518,841,629.90
Subtotal of cash generated from operating activities1,433,345,977.321,371,849,214.47
Payments for commodities and services713,793,916.641,062,624,948.98
Cash paid to and for employees206,890,522.37199,120,202.97
Taxes paid44,563,155.8393,662,045.51
Cash used in other operating activities201,183,632.0793,658,109.42
Subtotal of cash used in operating activities1,166,431,226.911,449,065,306.88
Net cash generated from/used in operating activities266,914,750.41-77,216,092.41
2. Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from disinvestment210,000,000.00249,522,784.87
Return on investment19,074,236.4612,328,693.07
Net proceeds from the disposal of fixed assets, intangible assets and other long-lived assets6,000,000.00
Net proceeds from the disposal of subsidiaries and other business units
Cash generated from other investing activities215,850.00
Subtotal of cash generated from investing activities235,074,236.46262,067,327.94
Payments for the acquisition of fixed assets, intangible assets and other longlived assets39,543,400.8870,343,058.99
Payments for investments593,603,151.20197,416,600.00
Net payments for the acquisition of subsidiaries and other business units
Cash used in other investing activities
Subtotal of cash used in investing activities633,146,552.08267,759,658.99
Net cash generated from/used in investing activities-398,072,315.62-5,692,331.05
3. Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital contributions received
Borrowings raised14,556,611.51
Cash generated from other financing activities
Subtotal of cash generated from14,556,611.51
financing activities
Repayment of borrowings122,169,781.24
Interest and dividends paid76,136,614.53
Cash used in other financing activities
Subtotal of cash used in financing activities198,306,395.77
Net cash generated from/used in financing activities-198,306,395.7714,556,611.51
4. Effect of foreign exchange rates changes on cash and cash equivalents-13,637,776.75237,020.05
5. Net increase in cash and cash equivalents-343,101,737.73-68,114,791.90
Add: Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period1,227,318,268.341,084,153,666.22
6. Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period884,216,530.611,016,038,874.32

Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin

Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua

Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

7. Consolidated Statements of Changes in Owners’ Equity

H1 2026

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026
Equity attributable to owners of the parent companyNoncontrolling interestsTotal owners’ equity
Share capitalOther equity instrumentsCapital reservesLess: Treas ury stockOther comprehe nsive incomeSpecific reserveSurplus reservesGene ral reser veRetained earningsOth erSubtotal
Prefer red sharesPerpet ual bondsOth er
1. Balance as at the end of the prior year1,535,778,2 30.00843,517,9 55.90227,147,3 91.313,436,49 4.07189,358,1 33.424,035,582,2 97.146,834,820,5 01.843,596,690,0 85.5510,431,510,5 87.39
Add: Adjustme nt for change in accountin g policy
Adjustme nt for correction of previous error
Other
2. Balance as at the beginning of the year1,535,778,2 30.00843,517,9 55.90227,147,3 91.313,436,49 4.07189,358,1 33.424,035,582,2 97.146,834,820,5 01.843,596,690,0 85.5510,431,510,5 87.39
3.--1,698,60----
Increase/ decrease in the period (“” for decrease)104,987.7 529,511,66 2.715.1335,083,271. 1263,001,316. 4515,226,699. 1778,228,015.6 2
3.1 Total comprehe nsive income29,511,66 2.7141,705,640. 3812,193,977. 6736,335,109. 9124,141,132.2 4
3.2 Capital increased and reduced by owners104,987.7 5-104,987.7522,608,425. 6722,503,437.9 2
3.2.1 Ordinary shares increased by owners22,467,537. 9222,467,537.9 2
3.2.2 Capital increased by holders of other equity instrument s
3.2.3 Sharebased payments included in owners’ equity
3.2.4 Other104,987.7 5-104,987.75140,887.7535,900.00
3.3 Profit distributio n76,788,911. 5076,788,911. 503,985,099.4 280,774,010.9 2
3.3.1 Appropria tion to surplus reserves
3.3.2 Appropria tion to general reserve
3.3.3 Appropria tion to owners (or sharehold ers)76,788,911. 5076,788,911. 503,985,099.4 280,774,010.9 2
3.3.4 Other
3.4 Transfers within owners’ equity
3.4.1 Increase in capital (or share capital) from
capital reserves
3.4.2 Increase in capital (or share capital) from surplus reserves
3.4.3<br><br>Loss offset by surplus reserves
3.4.4 Changes in defined benefit schemes transferre d to retained earnings
3.4.5<br><br>Other comprehe nsive income transferre d to retained earnings
3.4.6 Other
3.5 Specific1,698,60 5.131,698,605.1 32,485,084.4 94,183,689.62
reserve
3.5.1 Increase in the period8,428,97 5.848,428,975.8 45,135,020.3 313,563,996.1 7
3.5.2 Used in the period6,730,37 0.716,730,370.7 12,649,935.8 49,380,306.55
3.6 Other
4. Balance as at the end of the period1,535,778,2 30.00843,412,9 68.15197,635,7 28.605,135,09 9.20189,358,1 33.424,000,499,0 26.026,771,819,1 85.393,581,463,3 86.3810,353,282,5 71.77

H1 2025

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2025
Equity attributable to owners of the parent companyNoncontrolling interestsTotal owners’ equity
Share capitalOther equity instrumentsCapital reservesLess: Treasury stockOther comprehe nsive incomeSpecific reserveSurplus reservesGene ral reser veRetained earningsOth erSubtotal
Prefer red sharesPerpet ual bondsOth er
1. Balance as at the end of the prior year1,548,778,2 30.00914,336,3 25.6682,165,1 44.15383,429,1 55.024,782,06 1.20150,097,5 22.973,655,046,1 54.576,574,304,3 05.273,592,195,7 88.5710,166,500, 093.84
Add: Adjustme nt for change in accountin g policy
Adjustme nt for correction of previous error
Other
2. Balance as at the beginning of the year1,548,778,2 30.00914,336,3 25.6682,165,1 44.15383,429,1 55.024,782,06 1.20150,097,5 22.973,655,046,1 54.576,574,304,3 05.273,592,195,7 88.5710,166,500, 093.84
3. Increase/ decrease in the period (“” for decrease)13,000,000. 0070,818,36 9.7682,165,1 44.1541,953,91 9.82705,009. 8217,188,17 8.8285,393,974. 05143,587,85 6.9035,724,863. 38179,312,720 .28
3.1 Total comprehe nsive income213,835,7 08.05114,993,75 2.24328,829,46 0.2932,586,188. 08361,415,648 .37
3.2 Capital increased and reduced by owners13,000,000. 0070,818,36 9.7682,165,1 44.151,653,225.6 128,999,773. 0727,346,547. 46
3.2.1 Ordinary shares increased by owners
3.2.2 Capital increased by holders of other equity instrumen ts
3.2.3 Sharebased payments included in owners’ equity
3.2.4 Other13,000,000. 0070,818,36 9.7682,165,1 44.151,653,225.6 128,999,773. 0727,346,547. 46
3.3 Profit distributio n184,293,38 7.60184,293,38 7.6028,348,734. 17212,642,121 .77
3.3.1 Appropria tion to surplus reserves
3.3.2 Appropria tion to general reserve
3.3.3 Appropria tion to184,293,38 7.60184,293,38 7.6028,348,734. 17212,642,121 .77
owners (or sharehold ers)
3.3.4 Other
3.4 Transfers within owners’ equity171,881,7 88.2317,188,17 8.82154,693,60 9.41
3.4.1 Increase in capital (or share capital) from capital reserves
3.4.2 Increase in capital (or share capital) from surplus reserves
3.4.3<br><br>Loss offset by surplus reserves
3.4.4 Changes in defined benefit schemes
transferre d to retained earnings
3.4.5<br><br>Other comprehe nsive income transferre d to retained earnings171,881,7 88.2317,188,17 8.82154,693,60 9.41
3.4.6 Other
3.5 Specific reserve705,009. 82705,009.822,487,636.4 03,192,646.2 2
3.5.1 Increase in the period11,812,6 85.8211,812,685. 825,958,913.0 517,771,598. 87
3.5.2 Used in the period11,107,6 76.0011,107,676. 003,471,276.6 514,578,952. 65
3.6 Other
4. Balance as at the end of the period1,535,778,2 30.00843,517,9 55.90425,383,0 74.845,487,07 1.02167,285,7 01.793,740,440,1 28.626,717,892,1 62.173,627,920,6 51.9510,345,812, 814.12
Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi
8. Statements of Changes in Owners’ Equity of the Parent Company

H1 2026

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026
Share capitalOther equity instrumentsCapital reservesLess: Treasur y stockOther comprehensiv e incomeSpecific reserveSurplus reservesRetained earningsOthe rTotal owners’ equity
Preferre d sharesPerpetua l bondsOthe r
1. Balance as at the end of the prior year1,535,778,230.0 0839,893,397.2 9227,973,609.5 9522,569.87420,662,202.6 63,188,821,949.8 46,213,651,959.2 5
Add: Adjustment for change in accounting policy
Adjustment for correction of previous error
Other adjustments
2. Balance as at the beginning of the year1,535,778,230.0 0839,893,397.2 9227,973,609.5 9522,569.87420,662,202.6 63,188,821,949.8 46,213,651,959.2 5
3. Increase/ decrease in the period (“” for decrease)24,864,916.261,018,783.2 3-79,379,254.27-103,225,387.30
3.1 Total comprehensiv e income24,864,916.26-2,590,342.77-27,455,259.03
3.2 Capital increased and reduced by owners
3.2.1 Ordinary shares increased by owners
3.2.2 Capital increased by holders of other equity instruments
3.2.3 Share-based payments included in owners’ equity
3.2.4 Other
3.3 Profit distribution-76,788,911.50-76,788,911.50
3.3.1 Appropriation to surplus reserves
3.3.2 Appropriation to owners (or shareholders)-76,788,911.50-76,788,911.50
3.3.3 Other
3.4
Transfers within owners’ equity
3.4.1 Increase in capital (or share capital) from capital reserves
3.4.2 Increase in capital (or share capital) from surplus reserves
3.4.3 Loss offset by surplus reserves
3.4.4 Changes in defined benefit schemes transferred to retained earnings
3.4.5<br><br>Other comprehensiv e income transferred to retained earnings
3.4.6 Other
3.5 Specific reserve1,018,783.2 31,018,783.23
3.5.1 Increase in the period4,019,483.5 14,019,483.51
3.5.2 Used in the period3,000,700.2 83,000,700.28
3.6 Other
4. Balance as at the end of the period1,535,778,230.0 0839,893,397.2 9203,108,693.3 31,541,353.1 0420,662,202.6 63,109,442,695.5 76,110,426,571.9 5

H1 2025

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2025
Share capitalOther equity instrumentsCapital reservesLess: Treasury stockOther comprehensiv e incomeSpecific reserveSurplus reservesRetained earningsOthe rTotal owners’ equity
Preferre d sharesPerpetu al bondsOthe r
1. Balance as at the end of the prior year1,548,778,230. 00909,058,541. 4482,165,144.1 5383,570,431. 323,170,252.8 1381,401,592. 213,019,769,843. 456,163,583,747. 08
Add: Adjustment for change in accounting policy
Adjustment for correction of previous error
Other adjustments
2. Balance as at the beginning of the year1,548,778,230. 00909,058,541. 4482,165,144.1 5383,570,431. 323,170,252.8 1381,401,592. 213,019,769,843. 456,163,583,747. 08
3. Increase/ decrease in the period (“” for decrease)-13,000,000.0069,165,144.1 582,165,144.1 542,401,277.6 524,489.8317,188,178.8 2-4,173,165.4655,440,780.84
3.1 Total comprehensi ve income214,283,065. 8825,426,612.73239,709,678.61
3.2 Capital increased and reduced by owners-13,000,000.0069,165,144.1 582,165,144.1 5
3.2.1 Ordinary shares increased by owners
3.2.2 Capital increased by holders of other equity instruments
3.2.3 Share-based payments included in owners’ equity
3.2.4-13,000,000.0069,165,144.182,165,144.1
Other55
3.3 Profit distribution184,293,387.60184,293,387.60
3.3.1 Appropriatio n to surplus reserves
3.3.2 Appropriatio n to owners (or shareholders)184,293,387.60184,293,387.60
3.3.3 Other
3.4 Transfers within owners’ equity171,881,788. 2317,188,178.8 2154,693,609.41
3.4.1 Increase in capital (or share capital) from capital reserves
3.4.2 Increase in capital (or share capital) from surplus reserves
3.4.3 Loss offset by surplus reserves
3.4.4
Changes in defined benefit schemes transferred to retained earnings
3.4.5<br><br>Other comprehensi ve income transferred to retained earnings171,881,788. 2317,188,178.8 2154,693,609.41
3.4.6 Other
3.5 Specific reserve24,489.8324,489.83
3.5.1 Increase in the period5,741,655.3 75,741,655.37
3.5.2 Used in the period5,717,165.5 45,717,165.54
3.6 Other
4. Balance as at the end of the period1,535,778,230. 00839,893,397. 29425,971,708. 973,194,742.6 4398,589,771. 033,015,596,677. 996,219,024,527. 92
Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin Person in charge of accounting work: Li Zehua Person in charge of the accounting department: Li Yizhi

III Company Profile

  • 1. Basic information Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “the Company”), a joint-stock limited

company jointly founded by Foshan Electrical and Lighting Company, Nanhai Wuzhuang Color Glazed Brick Field, and Foshan Poyang Printing Industrial Co. on October 20, 1992 by raising funds under the approval of YGS (1992) No. 63 Document issued by the Joint Examination Group for Experimental Enterprises in Stock System of Guangdong Province and the Economic System Reform Commission of Guangdong Province, is an enterprise with its shares held by both the corporate and the natural persons. As approved by China Securities Regulatory Commission with Document (1993) No. 33, the Company publicly issued 19.3 million shares of social public shares (A shares) to the public in October 1993, and was listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange for trade on November 23, 1993. The Company was approved to issue 50 million B shares on July 23, 1995. And, as approved to change into a foreign-invested stock limited company on August 26, 1996 by (1996) WJMZEHZ No. 466 Document issued by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People’s Republic of China. On December 11, 2000, as approved by China Securities Regulatory Commission with ZJGS Zi [2000] No. 175 Document, the Company additionally issued 55 million A shares. At approved by the Shareholders’ General Meeting 2006, 2007, 2008, 2014 and 2017 the Company implemented the plan of capitalization of capital reserve, after the transfer, the registered capital of the Company has increased to RMB1,399,346,154.00. On February 8,

  • 2022, the Company cancelled 37,351,507 shares held in the repurchase special securities account (including 18,952,995 A-shares and 18,398,512 B-shares). Upon the cancellation of the shares, the total share capital of the Company was changed from 1,399,346,154 shares to 1,361,994,647 shares. The Company’s registered capital was changed to RMB1,361,994,647.00. In August 2023, upon approval by the CSRC (Z.J.X.K. Document No. 1974 [2023]), the Company issued 186,783,583 RMB-denominated ordinary shares (A-shares) to 13 specific subjects. These shares were listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on December 4, 2023. After the issuance of shares, the total share capital of the Company changed from 1,361,994,647 shares to 1,548,778,230 shares, and the registered capital of the Company changed to RMB One Billion, Five Hundred and Forty-eight Million, Seven Hundred and Seventy-eight Thousand, Two Hundred and Thirty (RMB1,548,778,230.00). On January 10, 2025, the Company canceled 13 million A-shares held in the repurchase special securities account. Following this cancellation, the Company’s total share capital changed from 1,548,778,230 shares to 1,535,778,230 shares, and the Company’s registered capital changed to RMB1,535,778,230.00).

Credibility code of the Company: 91440000190352575W. Legal representative: Yu Zhongmin Corporate domicile: No. 64, Fenjiang North Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province Office address: No. 8, Zhihui Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province Main business of the company and its subsidiaries (hereinafter referred to as “the Company”): general

lighting products, vehicle lamp products, epitaxy and chip products, LED packaging and component products, trade and other products.

The business term of the Company is long-term, which was calculated from the date of issuance of License of Business Corporation.

  • 2. Authorized issuer and date of approval of the financial report These financial statements have been authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on August 21, 2026.
  • 3. Scope of the consolidated financial statements The scope of the consolidated financial statements during the Reporting Period include Foshan Electrical and

Lighting Co., Ltd., 14 subsidiaries including FSL Chanchang Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Chanchang Company”), Foshan Taimei Times Lamp Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Taimei Company”), Nanjing Fozhao Lighting Components Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Nanjing Fozhao”), FSL (Xinxiang) Lighting Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Xinxiang Company”), Foshan Fozhao Zhicheng Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Zhicheng Company”), FSL Zhida Electric Technology Co., Ltd (referred to as “Zhida Company”), Guangdong Fozhao Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (formerly Foshan Hortilite Optoelectronics Co., Ltd., Fozhao Optoelectronics for short), Fozhao (Hainan) Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Hainan Technology”), Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Foshan Kelian”), Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Liaowang Auto Lamp), Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (referred to as “NationStar Optoelectronics”), Foshan Sigma Venture Capital Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Sigma”), Fozhao Huaguang (Maoming) Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Fozhao Huaguang”) and Guangdong Airtrust Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Airtrust”), as well as 14 sub-subsidiaries including Liuzhou Guige Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Liuzhou Lighting”), Liuzhou Guige Foreshine Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Liuzhou Foreshine”), Chongqing Guinuo Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Chongqing Guinuo”), Qingdao Guige Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Qingdao Lighting”), Indonesia Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Indonesia Liaowang”), Liaowang Auto Lamp (Suzhou)

Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Liaowang”), Zhejiang Hule Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (“Hule Electrical”), Foshan NationStar Electronic Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Guoxing Electronic”), Foshan NationStar Semiconductor Co., Ltd. (referred to as “NationStar Semiconductor”), Guangdong New Electronic Information Ltd. (referred to as “New Electronic”), NationStar Optoelectronics (Germany) Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Germany NationStar”), Guangdong Fenghua Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Fenghua Semiconductor”), Gaozhou NationStar Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Gaozhou NationStar”), and FSL (Thailand) Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as “Thailand Company”).

The Company had 28 subsidiaries included in the consolidation scope during the current period. See Notes “IX Changes in the scope of consolidation and “X Interests in other entities” for details.

IV Basis for Preparation of Financial Statements

  • 1. Preparation Basis The Company’s financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis, based on transactions and events

that actually occur, in accordance with the provisions of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises Basic Guidelines and specific accounting standards issued by the Ministry of Finance (hereinafter referred to as “ASBEs”), as well as the relevant provisions of No. 15 of the Rules Governing the Preparation of Information Disclosures by Companies Offering Securities to the Public - General Provisions on Financial Reporting of the China Securities Regulatory Commission and on the basis of the significant accounting policies and accounting estimates formulated.

  • 2. Going Concern The Company has the ability to continue as a going concern for at least 12 months from the end of the

Reporting Period and there are no material matters affecting its ability to continue as a going concern.

V Important Accounting Policies and Estimations Reminders of the specific accounting policies and accounting estimations:

The following significant accounting policies and accounting estimates of the Company have been formulated in accordance with ASBEs. Operations not mentioned are treated in accordance with the relevant accounting policies in the ASBE.

  • 1. Statement of Compliance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises The financial statements prepared by the Company are in compliance with the Accounting Standards for

Business Enterprises, which factually and completely present the Company’s and the consolidated financial positions, business results and cash flows, as well as other relevant information of the Company.

  • 2. Fiscal Year A fiscal year starts on January 1 and ends on December 31 according to the Gregorian calendar.
  • 3. Operating Cycle An operating cycle for the Company is 12 months, which is also the classification criterion for the liquidity

of its assets and liabilities.

  • 4. Recording Currency Renminbi is the recording currency for the statements of the Company.
  • 5. Methods for Determining Materiality Standards and Selection Criteria  Applicable □ Not applicable
  • (1) Materiality of financial statement items The Company determines the materiality of financial statement items based on the principle of whether such items affect the users of financial statements making economic decisions in terms of both the nature and amount. The materiality of financial statement items in terms of the amount is determined based on a certain percentage of relevant items in total assets, total liabilities, net assets, operating income, and net profit. The materiality of financial statement items in terms of nature is based on factors with a significant impact on the Company’s financial position and operating results, such as whether they are part of routine operating activities, whether they result in changes in profit or loss, and whether they affect regulatory indicators.
  • (2) Materiality of detailed items in the notes to financial statement items The Company determines the materiality of detailed items in the notes to financial statement items based on the materiality of the financial statement items. This determination is made by considering a certain percentage of the specific item, or a combination of the amount of the item, taking into account the nature of the specific item. Certain items that are not material to the financial statements may be material to the notes and still require separate disclosure in the notes. The materiality criteria related to the notes to the financial statement items are:
ItemMateriality criteria
Significant accounts receivable with bad debt provision separately accruedThe individual amount accounts for more than 10% of the account receivable or bad debt provision, and the amount exceeds RMB10 million.
Bad debt provision of accounts receivable collected or reversed with significant amount in this yearIndividual amount accounts for more than 10% of the current reversal of bad debt provision, and the amount exceeds RMB10 million.
Significant verification of accounts receivable in this yearThe individual amount accounts for more than 10% of the account receivable or bad debt provision, and the amount exceeds RMB10 million.
Significant construction in progressThe ending balance of an individual construction in progress accounts for more than 10%, and the amount exceeds RMB50 million.
Significant accounts payable/other payables over one yearThe individual amount accounts for more than 10% of accounts payable over 1 year/other payables, and the amount exceeds RMB10 million.
Significant cash flows generated from investment activitiesCash flows of an individual investment accounts for more than 3% of the net assets at the period-end, and the amount exceeds RMB100 million.
Significant non-wholly-owned subsidiaryMinority shareholders hold more than 5% interest and any of the items of total assets, net assets, operating revenues and net profits of the subsidiary accounts for more than 10% of the corresponding items in the consolidated financial statements.
Significant joint ventures or associated enterprisesThe investment income generated from joint ventures or associated enterprises (The loss is calculated in absolute terms) accounts for more than 10% of the net profit of consolidated financial statements.
Significant debt reorganizationThe influence of individual amount on net profit exceeds 10%.
Significant commitmentsThe amount of an individual commitment exceeds RMB10 million.
Significant contingencyThe amount of money involved in cases exceeds RMB10 million.
6. Accounting Methods for Business Combination Involving Enterprises under and not under the Same Control
  • (1) Business combination under the same control In case of a long-term equity investment resulting from a business combination under the same control, if the acquirer pays cash, transfers non-cash assets, assumes debts as merger consideration, the share of the Company’s equity of the acquiree obtained on combination date in the carrying value of the financial statements of the ultimate controlling party is deemed as an initial investment cost of long-term equity investments. If the acquirer issues equity instruments as consideration for a combination, the total par value of the shares issued is treated as equity. The difference between the initial investment cost of a long-term equity investment and the carrying amount of the consideration for consolidation (or the total nominal value of shares issued) shall be adjusted to capital surplus; if capital surplus is not sufficient to offset the difference, retained earnings shall be adjusted.
  • (2) Business combination not involving entities under the same control In case of business combination involving enterprises not under the same control, the combination costs shall be the total fair values of the assets paid, liabilities incurred or assumed and the equity securities issued on the date of acquisition by the acquirer in exchange for control on the acquiree. Identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquiree acquired in a business combination not under the same control that qualify for

recognition are measured at fair value on the date of acquisition. The acquirer recognizes as goodwill the difference between the combination costs and the fair value share of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree obtained in the combination. If the combination costs are less than the fair value share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets obtained in the combination, the difference between the combination costs still less than the fair value share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets obtained in the combination after review shall be included in the non-operating revenue for the current period.

7. Criteria for Judging Control and Methods for Preparing Consolidated Financial Statements
  • (1) Judgment criteria for control The scope of consolidation of the consolidated financial statements is determined on the basis of control. An investee is considered to be controlled if the following three elements are present: the possession of power over the investee, the enjoyment of variable returns as a result of participating in the relevant activities of the investee, and the ability to use the power over the investee to affect the amount of returns.
  • (2) Preparation methods for consolidation financial statements

1) Unification of accounting policies, balance sheet dates and accounting periods of parent and subsidiary companies

If the accounting policies and accounting period adopted by the subsidiaries are inconsistent with those of the Company, necessary adjustments are made in accordance with the accounting policies and accounting period of the Company when preparing the consolidated financial statements.

  • 2) Offsetting items in the consolidated financial statements The consolidated financial statements are based on the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries and have been offset by internal transactions that occurred between the Company and its subsidiaries and between subsidiaries. The share of owners’ equity of subsidiaries that do not belong to the Company is presented as minority interests in the consolidated balance sheet under the item of shareholders’ equity as “minority interests”. Long-term equity investments held by subsidiaries are deemed as the Company’s treasury stock and presented as a deduction from shareholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet under the item “Less: treasury stock”.
  • 3) Accounting treatment of the acquisition of subsidiaries through consolidation For subsidiaries acquired through a business combination under common control, the assets, liabilities,

operating results, and cash flows are included in the consolidated financial statements from the beginning of the

period of consolidation as if the business combination had occurred at the time the ultimate controlling party began to exercise control; for subsidiaries acquired through a business combination, not under the same control, the fair value of the identifiable net assets on the acquisition date is used as the basis for preparing the consolidated financial statements. The financial statements are adjusted based on the fair value of the identifiable net assets on the acquisition date.

4) Accounting treatment of disposal of subsidiaries If a long-term equity investment in a subsidiary is partially disposed of without loss of control, the difference between the disposal price and the share of the net assets of the subsidiary corresponding to the disposal of the long-term equity investment calculated on an ongoing basis from the acquisition date or the consolidation date is adjusted to capital surplus in the consolidated financial statements, and retained earnings is adjusted if the capital surplus is not sufficient to cover the reduction. If the control over the investee is lost due to the disposal of part of equity investments, the residual equity are re-measured at fair value on the date of loss of control. The aggregate of the consideration obtained by disposing of the equity and the fair value of the remaining equity less the portion of the net assets of the subsidiary that has been measured, as calculated at the original shareholding proportion, from the acquisition date or combination date is recognized in profit and loss of the current period on investments in which the control is lost, and goodwill shall be offset. Other comprehensive income related to the equity investments in the former subsidiary shall be included in the return on investment for the current period when the Company lost the control.

8. Classification of Joint Operation Arrangements and Accounting Methods for Joint Operations
  • (1) Classification of joint arrangements Joint arrangements are divided into joint operations and joint ventures. The joint arrangements not reached through separate entities are classified as joint operations. Separate entities refer to entities with separate identifiable financial structures, including separate legal entities and entities that do not have legal entity status but are recognized by law. The joint arrangements reaching through separate entities are usually classified as joint ventures. Where changes in relevant facts and circumstances result in changes in the rights and obligations of the joint venture parties in the joint venture arrangement, the joint venture parties shall reassess the classification of the joint venture arrangement.
  • (2) Accounting treatment of joint operations

As a participant in a joint operation, the Company recognizes the following items related to its share of interest in the joint operations. It accounts for them following the relevant Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises: Recognition of assets or liabilities held separately, and recognition of assets or liabilities held jointly on a share basis; recognition of revenue from the sale of the share of output from the joint operation to which it is entitled; recognition of revenue from the joint operation arising from the sale of output on a share basis; and recognition of expenses incurred separately, and recognition of expenses incurred in the joint operation on a share basis.

If the Company is a participant in a joint operation that does not enjoy joint control, and it owns the underlying assets of the joint operation and assumes the liabilities related to the joint operation, the accounting treatment of the joint operation partner shall be referred to; otherwise, the accounting treatment shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant enterprise accounting standards.

(3) Accounting treatment of joint ventures If the Company is a joint venture partner, it shall account for its investment in joint ventures following the provisions of Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No. 2-Long-term Equity Investments; if the Company is a non-joint venture partner, it shall account for its investment in such joint ventures based on the extent of its influence on such joint ventures.

  • 9. Recognition Criteria of Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash, as determined by the Company in preparing the statement of cash flows, represents the Company’s

cash on hand and deposits that are readily available for disbursement. Cash equivalents identified in the preparation of the statement of cash flows are investments that are held for a short period of time, are highly liquid, are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.

  • 10. Translation of Transactions and Financial Statements Denominated in Foreign Currencies

(1) Conversion of foreign currency business The Company records foreign currency transactions using the spot exchange rate on the transaction date or the nearest exchange rate to the transaction date to convert into the functional currency. On the balance sheet date, the monetary items in foreign currencies are translated at the spot exchange rate. Exchange differences arising from the difference between the spot rate on that date and the spot rate at initial recognition or on the previous balance sheet date are recognized in profit or loss, except for exchange differences on special borrowings in

foreign currencies that qualify for capitalization, which are capitalized in the period in which they are capitalized and charged to the cost of the related assets. Non-monetary items measured at historical costs in foreign currencies are still translated at the spot exchange rate on the transaction date with the amount of standard currency for accounting unchanged. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in foreign currencies are translated at the spot exchange rate on the date when the fair value is determined. The difference between the amount of standard currency for accounting after translation and the original amount shall be treated as a change in fair value (including exchange rate changes) and recognized in current profit or loss or in other comprehensive income.

(2) Conversion of foreign currency financial statements If the Company’s subsidiaries, joint ventures, and affiliated business use a different bookkeeping base currency from the Company’s, they need to convert their foreign currency financial statements before conducting accounting and preparing consolidated financial statements. The assets and liabilities in the balance sheet shall be translated at the spot rate on the balance sheet date. All items of owners’ equity, except for “undistributed profit”, shall be translated at the spot exchange rate at the time of occurrence. Items under revenue and expenses in the income statement are translated at the spot exchange rate on the transaction date. The exchange difference in translating foreign operations arising from the translation are shown under other comprehensive income in the owner’s equity line in the balance sheet. Cash flows in foreign currencies shall be translated at the spot exchange rate on the date of occurrence of the cash flows. The impact of exchange rate changes on cash is presented separately in the cash flow statement. When an overseas operation is disposed of, the foreign currency statement translation difference related to the overseas operation is transferred to the current profit and loss of the disposal in full or in proportion to the disposal of the overseas operation.

11. Financial Instruments

(1) Classification, recognition and measurement of financial instruments

1) Financial assets Based on the business model for managing financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of

financial assets, the Company classifies its financial assets into the following three categories:

  • ① Financial assets are measured at the amortized cost. The business model of the Company for managing

such financial assets aims at obtaining contractual cash flow, and the characteristics of contractual cash flow of such financial assets are basically the same as basic borrowing arrangement, namely the cash flow arising on a

specific date, which are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Interest income is subsequently recognized on such financial assets on the basis of the effective interest method.

  • ② Financial assets at fair value and changes included in other comprehensive income The business model of

the Company for managing such financial assets aims at receiving contractual cash flow as well as selling, and the characteristics of contractual cash flow of such financial assets are basically the same as basic borrowing arrangement. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with changes recognized in other comprehensive income, except for interest income, impairment losses or gains calculated in accordance with the effective interest method and foreign exchange gains or losses recognized in the current profit or loss.

  • ③ Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss for the current period Financial assets held

that are not classified as at amortized cost and at fair value through other comprehensive income are measured at fair value, with gains or losses (including interest and dividend income) recognized in profit or loss for the current period. On initial recognition, a financial asset may be irrevocably designated as financial asset at fair value through profit or loss if the accounting mismatch can be eliminated or reduced. The designation shall not be revoked once made.

For instruments in non-business equity instruments, the Company may irrevocably assign such investments

  • as financial assets (equity instruments) measured at fair value through other comprehensive income at initial recognition. The assignment is made based on investments by item, and the relevant investments meet the definition of an equity instrument from the issuer’s perspective. Such financial assets are subsequently measured
  • at fair value, and except for dividends received (except for the portion which forms part of investment cost recovered), which are recognized in profit or loss, all other related gains and losses are recognized in other comprehensive income and are not subsequently transferred to current profit or loss.

2) Financial liabilities On initial recognition, financial liabilities are classified into the following categories:

  • ① Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss for the current period. Such financial

liabilities are subsequently measured at fair value, and the resulting gains or losses are recognized in profit or loss for the current period.

  • ② Financial liabilities that arise when a transfer of a financial asset does not qualify for derecognition or

when the continuing involvement approach applies.

  • ③ Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost. Such financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost

using the effective interest method.

  • (2) Method for recognizing the fair value of financial instruments For a financial instrument with an active market, its fair value is determined by its quoted price in the active market; for a financial instrument without an active market, its fair value is determined by valuation techniques. Under limited circumstances, if the information used to determine fair value is insufficient, or if the range of possible estimates of fair value is wide and the cost represents the best estimate of fair value within that range, the cost may represent its appropriate estimate of fair value within that range of distribution. The Company uses all information available after the initial recognition date about the investee’s performance and operations to determine whether the cost represents fair value.
  • (3) Derecognition of financial instruments A financial asset is derecognized when one of the following conditions is met: a. the contractual right to

receive cash flows from the financial asset is terminated; b. the financial asset is transferred and the conditions for derecognition are met.

If the present obligation of a financial liability is discharged in whole or in part, the discharged portion is derecognized. If an existing liability is replaced by another financial liability from the same creditor on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, the existing financial liability is derecognized and a new financial liability is recognized simultaneously. All regular acquisitions or sales of financial assets are recognized and derecognized on a transaction date basis.

  • 12. Notes Receivable The determination methods and accounting methods of notes receivable are detailed in Note V-13. Accounts

Receivable.

  • 13. Accounts Receivable

(1) Measurement of expected credit loss The Company uses expected credit losses as the basis for impairment accounting and recognizes an

allowance for bad debts for financial assets measured at amortized cost (including accounts receivable, including notes receivable and accounts receivable), financing receivables, lease receivables, and other receivables.

(2) Recognition method for expected credit losses

The general approach to expected credit losses is that: the Company assesses whether the credit risk of the relevant financial instruments has increased significantly since the initial recognition on each balance sheet date, divides the process of credit impairment of financial instruments into three stages, and applies different accounting treatments to the impairment of financial instruments at different stages: (1) in the first stage, if the credit risk of a financial instrument has not increased significantly since the initial recognition, the Company will measure the loss reserves according to the amount equivalent to the expected credit losses in the next 12 months, and calculate the interest revenue according to the book balance (i.e., before deducting the provision for impairment) and the actual interest rate; (2) In the second stage, if the credit risk of a financial instrument has increased significantly since the initial recognition but no credit impairment has occurred, the Company will measure the loss reserves based on the expected credit loss over the entire life of the financial instrument and calculates interest revenue based on the carrying amount of the financial instrument and the effective interest rate; (3) In the third stage, if credit impairment occurs after the initial recognition, the Company will measure the loss reserves based on the expected credit loss over the life of the financial instrument and calculates interest revenue based on the amortized cost (carrying amount less provision for impairment) and the effective interest rate.

The simplified approach for expected credit losses is to always measure the allowance for losses at an amount equal to the expected credit losses throughout their lives.

  • (3) Accounting methods of the expected credit losses To reflect the changes in credit risk of financial instruments since initial recognition, the Company remeasures expected credit losses at each balance sheet date. The resulting increase or reversal amount of the loss provision should be recognized as an impairment loss or gain in profit or loss and offset against the carrying amount of the financial asset as stated in the balance sheet or included in projected liabilities, depending on the type of financial instrument (loan commitments or financial guarantee contracts).
  • (4) Method of the provision for losses on the measurement of receivables, lease receivables

1) Receivables with no significant financing component. For receivables arising from transactions governed by Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises No. 14 - Revenue that do not have a significant financing component, the Company uses a simplified approach whereby the allowance for losses is always measured on the basis of expected credit losses throughout their lives.

  • ① Accounts receivable of expected credit losses withdrawn individually
Rationale for a single provision for expected credit lossesObjective evidence of impairment
Individual accruals for expected credit lossesThe impairment tests are conducted separately for accounts receivable individually accrued. An impairment loss is recognized based on the difference between the present value of future cash flows and their carrying amount, and an expected credit loss is recorded
  • ② Accounts Receivable with Expected Credit Losses Provision Based on Credit Risk Portfolio
Portfolio nameBasis for portfolio recognitionDetermination method of expected credit losses
Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lampsGeneral lighting, auto lamps and other relevant business with the parent company and the subsidiary Liaowang Auto Lamp as the representative, this portfolio takes the aging of accounts receivable as the credit risk characteristicsPrepare the comparative list between aging of accounts receivable and expected credit loss rate over the entire life and calculate the expected credit loss by consulting historical experience in credit losses, combining current situation and prediction for future economic situation.
Business portfolio of LED packaging and componentsLED packaging, components and other relevant business with the subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics as the representative, this portfolio takes the aging of accounts receivable as the credit risk characteristicsPrepare the comparative list between aging of accounts receivable and expected credit loss rate over the entire life and calculate the expected credit loss by consulting historical experience in credit losses, combining current situation and prediction for future economic situation.
Internal business portfolioRelated parties and internal transactionsOther methods

Notes Receivable for which the Expected Credit Loss is withdrawn by Credit Risk Characteristics

Portfolio nameBasis for portfolio recognitionDetermination method of expected credit losses
Portfolio 1Bank acceptance billLow credit risk with no provision for bad debts
Portfolio 2Trade acceptancePrepare the comparative list between aging of accounts receivable and expected credit loss rate over the entire life and calculate the expected credit loss by consulting historical experience in credit losses, combining current situation and prediction for future economic situation.

The aging analyses are based on their date of entry into the accounts. Among portfolios, expected credit losses accrued by aging analysis:

AgingExpected credit loss rate
Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lampsBusiness portfolio of LED packaging and components
Within 1 year (including 1 year)3%2%
1 to 2 years10%10%
2 to 3 years30%30%
3 to 4 years50%50%
4 to 5 years80%80%
Over 5 years100%100%

For receivables with significant financing components and lease receivables, the Company measures the provision for losses in accordance with the general method, i.e., the “three-stage” model. The credit risk characteristics grouping, the aging calculation method based on the credit risk characteristics grouping, and the criteria for determining individual provisioning are consistent with the recognition standards for those without financing components.

(5) Method of measuring loss provision for other financial assets For financial assets other than those mentioned above, such as debt investments, other debt investments,

other receivables and long-term receivables other than lease receivables, the Company measures the allowance for losses in accordance with the general method, i.e. the “three-stage” model.

1) Categories of bad debt provision according to credit risk characteristics and basis of determination The Company divides other receivables into certain credit risk combinations based on the nature of the

amounts. It calculates expected credit losses based on the combinations, and the basis for determining the combinations is as below:

Portfolio nameDetermination basis
Portfolio 1: Deposit, security depositBased on nature of accounts
Portfolio 2: Amounts from related partiesBased on nature of accounts
Portfolio 3: Advances on behalf of othersBased on nature of accounts
  • 2) Aging calculation method for recognizing credit risk combinations based on aging Refer to the description of receivables with no significant financing components.
  • 3) Criteria for determining the bad debt provision based on individual items Refer to the description of receivables with no significant financing components.
  • 14. Receivables Financing The determination methods and accounting methods of receivables financing are detailed in Note V-13.

Accounts Receivable.

  • 15. Other Receivables The determination methods and accounting methods of expected credit losses of other receivables is the same

as that of accounts receivable, as detailed in Note V-13. Accounts Receivable.

  • 16. Contract Assets The Company presents the right to receive consideration for goods or services that have been transferred to

the customer (and which is dependent on factors other than time-lapse) as a contract asset. The provision for

impairment of contract assets is made with reference to the method of determining expected credit losses in this note.

Contract assets are categorized into the following portfolios according to credit risk characteristics:

PortfolioDetermination basis
Portfolio 1: General lighting and lamps business portfolioGeneral lighting, automotive lamps and related businesses represented by the parent company and its subsidiary Liaowang Auto Lamp. This portfolio uses the aging of accounts receivable as the credit risk characteristic.
Portfolio 2: LED packaging and components business portfolioLED packaging, components and other related businesses represented by subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics. This portfolio uses the aging of accounts receivable as the credit risk characteristic
Portfolio 3: Internal business portfolioThis portfolio involves related-party transactions and internal transactions
17. Inventory
  • (1) Classification of inventories Inventories refer to the Company’s finished goods or commodities for sale held in daily activities, unfinished goods in manufacturing process, and materials and supplies consumed in process of manufacturing products or providing services, etc. Inventories mainly include raw materials, circulating materials (such as packaging materials, low-value consumables, etc.), materials for entrusted processing, work-in-progress, self-manufactured semi-finished products, and finished goods (inventory goods).
  • (2) Pricing method of issuing inventories When inventory is issued, the Company uses the weighted average method to determine the actual cost of the

inventory issued.

  • (3) Inventory system of inventories The perpetual inventory system is adopted for the inventories of the Company.
  • (4) Amortization of low-value consumables and packing materials The one-off charge-off method is used for low-value consumables and packaging materials.
  • (5) Criteria for Recognizing and Accrual method of provision for decline in value of inventories Net realizable value refers to the amount after deducting the cost estimated until completion, estimated

selling expenses, and relevant taxes from the estimated selling price of the inventory. The Company determines the net realizable value of inventories based on solid evidence obtained and after taking into consideration the purpose for which the inventory is held, and the impact of post-balance sheet events.

The net realizable value of finished goods, materials for sale, and other merchandise inventories used directly for sale is determined in the normal course of production and operation as the estimated selling price of such inventories, less estimated selling expenses, and related taxes.

The net realizable value of material inventories subject to processing is determined in the normal course of production operations as the estimated selling price of the finished goods produced, less the estimated costs to be incurred to completion, estimated selling expenses, and related taxes. The Company determines the net realizable value of inventories based on solid evidence obtained and after taking into consideration the purpose for which the inventory is held, and the impact of post-balance sheet events.

18. Assets Held for Sale

(1) Recognition criteria and accounting treatment for non-current assets classified as held for sale or disposal groups

A non-current asset or disposal group whose carrying value will be recovered principally through sale rather than through continuing use is classified as held for sale and meets the following conditions: first, it is immediately available for sale under current conditions based on the customary practice for sales of such assets or disposal groups in similar transactions; and second, it is highly probable that the sale will occur, i.e., the enterprise has already resolved on a plan for the sale and has obtained a firm commitment to purchase, and it is expected that the sale is expected to be completed within one year. The relevant regulations require the approval of the relevant or regulatory authority of the enterprise before the sale shall have been approved.

When the Company initially measures or remeasures non-current assets or disposal groups held for sale on the balance sheet date, if the carrying value is higher than the fair value minus the net amount of the sale costs, the carrying value will be written down to the net amount of fair value minus the sale costs. The amount written down will be recognized as asset impairment loss and included in current profit and loss, and provision for impairment of assets held for sale will be made.

The amount of asset impairment loss recognized for disposal groups held for sale shall be offset against the carrying value of goodwill in the disposal group first, and then against the carrying value of each non-current asset proportionately according to the proportion of the carrying value of each non-current asset in the disposal group as defined in the applicable measurement of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises - Non-current Assets Held for Sale, Disposal Groups and Discontinued Operations.

(2) Recognition criteria and presentation of discontinued operations

Discontinued operations is a separately distinguishable component that meets one of the following conditions and that has been disposed of by the Company or classified by the Company as held for sale: the component represents a separate principal business or a separate principal operating area; the component is part of a related program of proposed dispositions of a separate principal business or a separate principal operating area; The component is a subsidiary acquired specifically for resale.

The Company presents gains and losses from continuing operations and gains and losses from discontinued operations separately in the statement of income. Operating gains and losses, such as impairment losses and reversal amounts for discontinued operations, and gains and losses on disposals are presented as gains and losses from discontinued operations. The revenues, expenses, gross profit, income tax expense (benefit) and net profit from discontinued operations, impairment losses recognized on assets or disposal groups of discontinued operations and the amount of their reversal, total gain or loss on disposal of discontinued operations, income tax expense (benefit) and net gain or loss on disposal, net cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities of discontinued operations, and gains and losses from continuing operations and gains and losses from discontinued operations attributable to owners of the parent company are disclosed in the notes.

  • 19. Investment in Debt Obligations Not applicable
  • 20. Other Investment in Debt Obligations The determination methods and accounting methods of other investment in debt obligations are detailed in

Note V-11. Financial Instruments.

  • 21. Long-term Receivables Not applicable
  • 22. Long-term Equity Investments

(1) Judgment criteria for joint control and significant influence Joint control means that activities that have a significant impact on the return of an arrangement must be decided upon with the unanimous consent of the participants sharing control, including sales and purchases of goods or services, management of financial assets, purchases and disposals of assets, research and development activities, and financing activities. Significant influence refers to the condition where an investor holds between 20% to 50% of the voting capital in an investee, generally indicating a significant influence. Or, although less than 20%, having a significant influence when one of the following conditions is met: Representation on the board of

directors or similar authority of the investee; participation in the policy-making process of the investee; assignment of management personnel to the investee; reliance of the investee on the technology or technical information of the investee; and major transactions with the investee.

  • (2) Determination of initial investment cost For long-term equity investments acquired through a business combination, in the case of a business combination under the same control, the initial investment cost of the long-term equity investment shall be the share of the owners’ equity of the party being combined in the consolidated financial statements of the ultimate controlling party on the combination date; in the case of a business combination not under the same control, the initial investment cost of the long-term equity investment shall be the cost of combination determined on the acquisition date; for long-term equity investments acquired by paying cash, the initial investment cost is the actual purchase price paid; for long-term equity investments acquired by issuing equity securities, the initial investment cost is the fair value of the equity securities issued; for long-term equity investments acquired through debt restructuring, the initial investment cost is determined
  • (3) Method of subsequent measurement and recognition of profit or loss Long-term equity investments in which the Company can exercise control over the investees are accounted for by the cost method, and long-term equity investments in associates and joint ventures are accounted for by the equity method. If a portion of the Company’s equity investments in affiliates is held indirectly through venture capital institutions, mutual funds, trust companies, or similar entities, including investment-linked funds, regardless of whether the above entities have significant influence over this portion of the investment, the Company treats it in accordance with the relevant provisions of Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No. 22-Recognition and Measurement of Financial Instruments and accounts for the remaining portion with the equity method.
  • 23. Investment Properties Measurement model of investment property Measurement of cost method Depreciation or amortization method

The Company’s investment property includes leased land use rights, leased buildings, and land use rights held and ready to be transferred after appreciation. Investment property is initially measured according to cost, and then measured by cost model.

The Company uses the composite life depreciation method for buildings leased out of investment properties, and the specific accounting policies are the same as those for fixed assets. Land use rights leased out of investment properties and land use rights held and intended to be transferred after appreciation are amortized through the straight-line method with the same accounting policies as those for the intangible assets segment.

24. Fixed Assets

(1) Recognition conditions

The fixed assets refer to tangible assets held for production of goods, provision of labor services, lease or business with a service life of over a fiscal year. Recognition is made when the following conditions are met: The economic benefits associated with the fixed-asset will probably flow to the enterprise; the cost of the fixed-asset can be measured reliably. (2) Depreciation method

CategoryDepreciation methodDepreciable lifeResidual value rateAnnual depreciation rate
Houses and buildingsStraight-line depreciation method3-38 years1%-10%31.67%-3.17%
Machinery equipmentStraight-line depreciation method2-11 years1%-10%47.50%-8.18%
Transportation equipmentStraight-line depreciation method5-10 years1%-10%19.00%-9.50%
Electronic equipmentStraight-line depreciation method2-8 years1%-10%47.50%-11.88%
Other equipmentStraight-line depreciation method5 years5%-10%19.00%-18.00%

The Company’s fixed assets are mainly classified into: buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, electronic equipment, transportation equipment, etc. The depreciation method is the average annual limit method. The service lives and estimated residual values of fixed assets are determined according to the nature and utilization of each category of fixed assets. At the end of the year, the service lives, estimated residual values and depreciation methods of fixed assets are reviewed, and adjustments are made accordingly if there are differences from the original estimates. All fixed assets are depreciated, except for fully depreciated fixed assets that continue to be used and land that is separately accounted for.

25. Construction in Progress The Company’s construction in progress is divided into two types: Construction on a self-operation basis and

a contracted basis. The criteria and time point for carrying forward construction in progress to fixed assets are based on the construction in progress reaching its intended state of use. The standard for determining the intended

usable condition shall be one of the following: The physical construction (including installation) of the fixed assets has been fully completed or substantially completed; production or trial operation has been conducted, and the results show that the assets can operate normally or can steadily produce qualified products, or the results of the trial operation show that they can function normally or operate; the amount of expenditure on the fixed assets constructed is little or almost no longer incurred; the fixed assets acquired have met the design or contract requirements, or are substantially consistent with the design or contract requirements.

26. Borrowing Costs
  • (1) Recognition principles for the capitalization of borrowing costs If the borrowing costs incurred by the Company can be directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of assets that meet the capitalization conditions, they shall be capitalized and included in the costs of the underlying assets; other borrowing costs recognized as costs according to the amount incurred shall be included in the profit and loss for the current period. Assets eligible for capitalization refer to assets, such as fixed assets, investment properties, and inventories that require a long period for their acquisition or production activities to reach the expected usable or saleable status.
  • (2) Calculation of capitalization amount The capitalization period refers to the period from when the capitalization of borrowing costs starts to when the capitalization stops. The period during which capitalization of borrowing costs is suspended is not included. Capitalization of borrowing costs shall be suspended if there is an abnormal interruption in the course of acquisition or production and the interruption lasts for more than three consecutive months.

Borrowing of special borrowings is determined by the interest expense incurred in the period of the special borrowings, less the interest revenue expenditure earned by depositing the unused borrowed funds in banks or the investment income earned by making temporary investments; the appropriation of general borrowings is determined by multiplying the weighted average amount of asset expenses over the portion of special borrowings by the capitalization rate of the general borrowings appropriated, which is the weighted average interest rate of general borrowings; if there is a discount or premium on borrowings, the amount of discount or premium to be amortized in each accounting period is determined by the effective interest rate method. The amount of interest is adjusted for each period.

The effective interest rate method is a method of calculating the amortized discount or premium or interest expense on a borrowing based on its effective interest rate. The effective interest rate method calculates the amortized discount or premium or interest expense on a borrowing based on its effective interest rate.

  • 27. Living Assets Not applicable
  • 28. Oil and Gas Assets Not applicable
  • 29. Intangible Assets
  • (1) Pricing method of intangible assets The Company initially measures the intangible assets at cost. For the acquired intangible assets, the actual

prices paid and related expenses shall be regarded as the actual costs. The actual cost of intangible assets invested by investors shall be recognized according to the value agreed upon in the investment contract or agreement. In case of unfair contract or agreement, the actual cost shall be recognized according to the fair value. The cost of self-developed intangible assets shall be the total expenditure incurred before they reach the intended use.

  • (2) Service life and its determination basis, estimation, amortization method, or review procedure Intangible assets with finite service lives are amortized using the methods presented in the table below over

their service lives, and the service lives and amortization methods of intangible assets are reviewed at the end of the year and adjusted accordingly if there are differences from the original estimates. Intangible assets with indefinite service lives are not amortized, but are reviewed at the end of the year for service lives and estimated when there is conclusive evidence that the service life is finite.

The useful life and its determination basis and amortization method of intangible assets with restricted useful life:

CategoryUseful lifeDetermination basis of useful lifeAmortization method
Land use right20-50 yearsDuration of land use rightsMethod of line
Patent use right5-20 yearsExpected number of years of benefitMethod of line
Software3-10 yearsExpected number of years of benefitMethod of line
Trademark right3-10 yearsExpected number of years of benefitMethod of line
Other3-10 yearsExpected number of years of benefitMethod of line

The intangible assets are regarded as intangible assets with uncertain service life if the term during which they can bring economic benefits to the Company is unforeseeable or if their usage period is uncertain. The bases for determining of uncertain service life are: The intangible assets come from contractual or other legal rights, but the contract or laws have no certain stipulations of the service life; the term during which the intangible assets bring economic benefits to the Company is still unforeseeable even with consideration of peer status or demonstrations of related professionals.

At the end of each year, the review of service life of intangible assets with uncertain service life mainly adopts the method of reviewing from lower department to upper department, where departments related to the use of intangible assets shall conduct the basic review and make assessment of whether the determining basis of uncertain service life changes.

  • (3) The scope of R&D expenditure collection and the related accounting treatment The scope of the Company’s R&D expenditures is mainly formulated based on the Company’s research and

development projects, which mainly includes: R&D personnel’s employee remuneration, direct input expenses, depreciation expenses and long-term amortization expenses, design expenses, equipment commissioning expenses, amortization expenses of intangible assets, commissioned external research and development expenses, and other expenses, etc.

Expenditures incurred during the research phase of an internal research and development project are recognized in profit or loss when incurred; expenditures incurred during the development phase that meet the conditions for recognition as an intangible asset are transferred to intangible asset accounting.

Specific criteria for dividing the research phase and development phase of internal research and development projects: The expenditures in internal research and development projects of the Company are classified into expenditures in research stage and expenditures in development stage. The expenditures in research stage are included in the current profits and losses when incurred. The expenditures in development stage are recognized as intangible assets when meeting the following conditions:

  • 1) The completion of the intangible assets makes it technically feasible for using or selling;
  • 2) Having the intention to complete and use or sell the intangible assets;
  • 3) The way in which an intangible asset generates economic benefits, including the proof that the products

produced with the intangible assets can be sold in a market or the proof of its usefulness if the intangible assets can be sold in a market and will be used internally;

  • 4) Having sufficient technical, financial resources and other resources to support the development of the

intangible assets and the ability to use or sell the intangible assets;

  • 5) Expenditure attributable to the development stage of intangible assets can be measured reliably. The cost of self-developed intangible assets includes the total expenditure incurred after meeting intangible

assets recognition criterion and before reaching intended use. Expenditures that have been expensed in previous periods are no longer adjusted.

  • 30. Impairment of Long-term Assets For long-term assets having the indication of impairment on balance sheet date such as long-term equity

investments, investment property measured in cost mode, fixed assets, construction in progress, productive living assets measured in cost mode, oil and gas assets, and intangible assets, the Company shall test the impairment. If the impairment test results indicate that the recoverable amount of the asset is lower than its book value, the impairment provision shall be made at the difference and included in the impairment loss.

The recoverable amount is the higher of the fair value of the asset minus the disposal cost and the present value of the expected future cash flow of the asset. The provision for impairment of assets is calculated and recognized on the basis of individual assets. If it is difficult to estimate the recoverable amount of individual assets, the recoverable amount of the asset group shall be recognized by the asset group to which the asset belongs. The asset group is the smallest portfolio of assets that can generate cash inflows independently.

Goodwill presented separately in the financial statements shall be tested for impairment every year, whether or not there is any indication of impairment. The book value of the goodwill shall be apportioned to the asset group or portfolio of asset groups that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination when the impairment test is conducted. The corresponding impairment loss is recognized if the test results indicate that the recoverable amount of the asset group or portfolio of asset groups containing the apportioned goodwill is lower than its book value. The amount of the impairment loss shall offset the book value of the goodwill apportioned to the asset group or portfolio of asset groups, and offset the book value of other assets in proportion according to the proportion of the book value of other assets except the goodwill in the asset group or portfolio of asset groups.

Once the impairment loss of the above asset is recognized, the portion that the value is restored will not be written back in subsequent periods.

  • 31. Long-term Prepaid Expense Long-term prepaid expense refers to general expenses with the apportioned period over one year (excluding

one year) that have occurred but are attributable to the current and future periods. Long-term prepaid expense shall be amortized averagely within benefit period. In case of no benefit in the future accounting period, the amortized value of such item that fails to be amortized shall be transferred into the current profits and losses.

  • 32. Contract Liabilities The Company presents the obligations to transfer goods or provide services to customers for consideration

received or receivable from customers as contract liabilities. Contract assets and contract liabilities under the same contract are presented net: if the net amount results in a debit balance, it is presented in “Contract Assets” or “Other Non-current Assets” based on its liquidity; if the net amount results in a credit balance, it is presented in “Contract Liabilities” or “Other Non-current Liabilities” based on its liquidity. Contract assets and contract liabilities under different contracts cannot be offset against each other.

  • 33. Employee benefits Employee benefits refer to all forms of remuneration or compensation given by the Company for services

rendered by employees or for the termination of employment relationships. Employee benefits mainly include short-term benefits, post-employment benefits, termination benefits and other long-term employee benefits.

  • (1) Accounting treatment of the short-term remuneration The short-term compensation actually happened during the accounting period when the active staff offering

the service for the Company should be recognized as liabilities and is included in the current profits and losses except for those required or allowed to be included in the assets cost by the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises. The employee services benefits actually happened in the Company shall be included in the current profits and losses or relevant assets cost according to the actual amount. Of which the non-monetary benefits should be measured according to the fair value. During the accounting term in which employees provide service, the Company calculates and determines the corresponding payroll amount in accordance with the withdrawal basis and withdrawal proportion specified in regulations with the social insurance premiums such as medical insurance premiums, industrial injury insurance premium and birth insurance premium, housing fund, and the labor union budget and employee education budget withdrawn in regulations, and then recognizes it as liabilities that are included in the current profits and losses or relevant assets cost.

  • (2) Accounting treatment of the welfare after demission The payable and deposit amount calculated according to the defined contribution plan during the accounting

period when the active staff offering the service for the Company is recognized as liabilities and is included in the current profits and losses or relevant assets cost. The benefit obligations arising from the defined benefit plan shall be attributable to the period in which the employees provide services based on the formula determined by expected cumulative welfare unit method and included in current profits and losses or cost of relevant asset.

  • (3) Accounting treatment of the demission welfare When offering the demission welfare, the Company shall recognize the payroll liabilities incurred from the

demission welfare on the earlier of the date when the Company could not unilaterally withdraw the demission welfare offered by the plan or layoff proposal owing to termination of the labor relationship or the date when the Company recognizes the cost related to the reorganization of the payment of the demission welfare, and include the payroll liabilities into the current profits and losses:

  • (4) Accounting treatment of the welfare of other long-term staffs The other long-term welfare that the Company offers to the staff, if met with the setting drawing plan, shall

be disposed of according to the relevant setting drawing plan; except for that, net liabilities or net assets of the welfare of other long-term staff shall be recognized and measured according to the setting drawing plan.

  • 34. Provisions The obligation pertinent to contingencies shall be recognized as provisions when that obligation is a current

obligation of the Company, and it is likely to cause any economic benefit to flow out of the enterprise as a result of performance of the obligation, while the amount of the obligation can be measured in a reliable way. The Company conducts the initial measurement in accordance with the best estimate of the necessary expenses for the performance of the current obligation. If there is a sequent range for the necessary expenses and if all the outcomes within this range are equally likely to occur, the best estimate shall be determined in accordance with the midpoint estimate within the range; if the contingencies concern two or more items, the best estimate shall be calculated and determined in accordance with all possible outcomes and the relevant probabilities.

Review of the book value of provisions shall be conducted on the balance sheet date. The book value shall be adjusted in accordance with the current best estimate when there is definite evidence indicating that the book value cannot reflect the current best estimate in faithfulness.

  • 35. Share-based Payment Not applicable
  • 36. Other Financial Instruments such as Preference Shares and Perpetual Bonds Not applicable
  • 37. Revenue Disclosure of accounting policies adopted for revenue recognition and measurement by type of business

The Company recognizes revenue based on the transaction price apportioned to the performance obligation in a contract when the customer obtains control of the underlying good or service. Obtaining control of related goods refers to that customers can control the use of the goods and obtain almost all the economic benefits from the goods. A performance obligation is a contractual commitment by the Company to transfer a clearly distinguishable commodity to a customer. The transaction price is the amount of consideration that the Company expects to be entitled to receive as a result of the transfer of the commodity to the customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties and amounts that the Company expects to return to the customer.

Whether the performance obligation is to be fulfilled within a certain period of time or at a certain point in time depends on the terms of the contract and the relevant legal provisions. If the performance obligation is fulfilled within a certain period of time, the Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the progress of performance. Otherwise, the Company recognizes revenue at a point in time when the customer obtains control of the underlying asset.

The Company determines whether the Company’s status is that of a principal or agent when engaging in a transaction based on whether it has control over the goods or services prior to transferring them to the customer. If the Company is able to control the goods or services before transferring them to the customer, the Company is the principal responsible party and recognizes revenue based on the total consideration received or receivable. Otherwise, the Company shall recognize revenue as an agent based on the amount of commissions or fees to which it is expected to be entitled, which shall be determined at the net amount of the total consideration received or receivable less the price payable to other related parties, or at the established commission amount or percentage, etc.

Specific principles and measurement methods for revenue recognition by business type: The Company recognizes revenue from general lighting products, LED packaging and component products, automotive lamp products, trading and other products as follows:

  • (1) Recognition of domestic sales revenue: Under the conventional settlement mode, the Company has

delivered goods that have passed inspection to the purchaser as required by the purchaser, the amount of revenue has been determined, a sales invoice has been issued and the payment has been received or is expected to be recovered; under the consignment sales settlement mode, the Company recognizes sales revenue when the product is issued and the settlement notice is issued after the customer inspection is qualified.

  • (2) Recognition of export sales revenue: The Company has produced goods according to the requirements

stipulated in the sales contract, and completed the export declaration procedures after the goods have passed inspection; products have been loaded on board; the amount of revenue has been determined, an export sales invoice has been issued, and the payment has been received or is expected to be recovered. Different business models for the same type of business involving different revenue recognition and measurement methods:

None.

  • 38. Contract Costs Contract costs are either the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer or the costs to fulfil a

contract with a customer. Incremental costs of obtaining a contract (“contract acquisition costs”) are costs that won’t have been incurred if the contract is not acquired. The Company recognizes as an asset the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if it expects to recover those costs.

Costs incurred for the performance of a contract that do not fall within the scope of other enterprise accounting standards, such as inventory, are recognized as an asset as contract performance costs when the following conditions are simultaneously met: The cost is directly related to a current or anticipated acquisition of a contract and includes direct labor, direct materials, manufacturing overhead (or similar costs), costs explicitly attributable to the user, and other costs incurred solely as a result of that contract; the cost increases the resources available to meet future performance obligations; and the cost is expected to be recovered.

Contract performance costs recognized as assets are included in “Inventory” on the balance sheet if the amortization period at the initial recognition doesn’t exceed one year or one normal operating cycle; if the amortization period at the initial recognition is more than one year or one normal operating cycle, they are included in “Other non-current assets” on the balance sheet.

Contract acquisition cost recognized as assets are included in “Other current assets” on the balance sheet if the amortization period at the initial recognition doesn’t exceed one year or one normal operating cycle; if the

amortization period at the initial recognition is more than one year or one normal operating cycle, they are included in “Other non-current assets” on the balance sheet.

The Company amortizes the assets recognized for contract acquisition costs and contract performance costs on the same basis as the revenue recognition of the merchandise to which the assets relate, and recognizes them in profit or loss for the current period. Assets formed from the incremental cost of acquiring a contract with an amortization period of not more than one year are recognized in profit or loss for the current period when it occurs.

If the carrying amount of an asset related to the cost of a contract exceeds the difference between the following two items, the Company makes an allowance for impairment and recognizes an asset impairment loss for the excess: the remaining consideration expected to be received for the transfer of the merchandise to which the asset relates; and the estimated costs to be incurred for the transfer of the related merchandise.

If the two differences above are higher than the book value of the assets due to the subsequent changes in the impairment factors in previous periods, the asset impairment provisions set aside should be reversed and recognized as profit and loss of the current period. However, upon the reversal, the book value of the assets shall not exceed the book value of the assets on the reversal date, supposing that impairment provisions are not set aside.

39. Government Subsidies

(1) Category of and accounting treatment for government subsidies Government subsidies refer to the monetary assets or non-monetary assets obtained by the Company from the government (excluding the capital invested by the government as an equity holder). If a government subsidy is a monetary asset, it shall be measured according to the amount received or receivable. If a government subsidy is a non-monetary asset, it shall be measured at its fair value, and shall be measured at a nominal amount when the fair value cannot be obtained reliably.

Government subsidies related to the daily activities are included in other income in accordance with the nature of economic business. Government subsidies unrelated to the daily activities are included in non-operating revenue.

Government subsidies are recognized as asset-related subsidies when stipulated by government documents to be used for acquisition, construction or otherwise formation long-term assets. Regarding the government grants that the government document does not specify the object of subsidy and can form long-term assets, the part of

government subsidy corresponding to the asset value shall be regarded as the asset-related government subsidy and the rest shall be regarded as income-related government subsidy. If it is difficult to distinguish, the government subsidy shall be regarded as the income-related government subsidy. Government grants related to assets are recognized as deferred income. The amount recognized as deferred income is included in the current profits and losses in accordance with reasonable and systematic method in the useful life of relevant assets.

Government subsidies other than asset-related government subsidies are recognized as government subsidies related to income. Government subsidies related to income used to compensate the relevant costs, expenses or losses of the Company in the subsequent period shall be recognized as deferred income, and shall be included in the current profit and loss during the period of confirming the relevant cost, expenses or losses; subsidies used to compensate the relevant costs, expenses or losses incurred by the Company shall be directly included in the current profits and losses.

In the case that the Company obtains a policy favorable loan interest subsidy, and the fiscal system allocates the fund of interest subsidy to the lending bank, who provides loans to the Company at a policy favorable interest rate, the actual loan amount received is recognized as the recorded value of the loan, and the relevant borrowing costs are calculated based on the loan principal and the policy favorable interest rate; if the fiscal system allocates the fund of interest subsidy to the Company directly, the Company reduces the corresponding interest subsidy against relevant borrowing costs.

(2) Recognition time of government subsidies Government subsidies shall be recognized when the Company satisfies the conditions attached to the government subsidies and is able to receive them. Government subsidies measured according to the receivable amount shall be recognized when there is positive evidence at the end of the period that they can meet the relevant conditions stipulated by the financial support policies and are expected to receive financial support funds. Other government subsidies other than government subsidies measured by amount receivable are recognized when the Company actually receives the subsidies.

40. Deferred Income Tax Assets/Deferred Income Tax Liabilities

(1) Recognition of deferred income tax The Company recognizes the deferred income tax assets or deferred income tax liabilities in accordance with the applicable tax rate during the estimated period of recapturing the assets or paying the liabilities for the different amount between the book value of assets or liabilities and its tax base (for items not recognized as assets

and liabilities, if its tax basis can be determined according to the tax law, the tax basis is recognized as the different amount).

(2) Measurement of deferred income tax The recognition of deferred income tax assets is subject to the amount of taxable income obtained to offset the deductible temporary differences. On the balance sheet date, deferred income tax assets without recognition during the former accounting period shall be recognized if there are definite indications representing that it is probable to have sufficient taxable income to offset the deductible temporary differences during the future period. If it is likely that sufficient taxable income will not be available to offset the benefit of the deferred income tax assets in the future period, the book value of the deferred income tax assets will be written down.

For taxable temporary differences related to the investment in subsidiaries and associated enterprises, the deferred income tax liabilities are recognized unless the time of temporary differences reversal can be controlled by the Company and are probably not to be reversed in foreseeable future. For deductible temporary differences related to the investment in subsidiaries and associated enterprises, the deferred income tax assets are recognized if the temporary differences are probably to be reversed in foreseeable future and it is likely to have taxable income to offset the deductible temporary differences.

(3) Basis for netting off deferred income taxes Deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities are presented in net amount after offsetting when the following conditions are simultaneously met: there is a legal right to settle current income tax assets and current income tax liabilities on a net basis; the deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities are related to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity or are related to different taxable entities, but are not expected to reverse in the future in each of the periods in which the deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities are material; and the taxable entities involved intend to settle current income tax assets and current income tax liabilities on a net basis. However, in each future period in which the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are reversed, the taxable entity involved intends to either settle the current income tax assets and current income tax liabilities on a net basis or to acquire the assets and settle the liabilities at the same time.

  • 41. Leases The Company assesses whether a contract is a lease or contains a lease at the inception date of the contract.

A contract is a lease or contains a lease if one of the parties to the contract has given up the right to control the use of one or more identified assets for a specified period of time in exchange for consideration.

(1) Accounting treatment for leases as the lessee

1) On the start date of the lease term, the Company deems the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of all the operating leases except for the short-term leases and low-value leases, and recognizes the depreciation expense and interest expense respectively within the lease term.

① Right-of-use assets After the commencement date of the lease term, the Group uses the cost for initial measurement of right-of-

use assets. This cost includes the initial measurement amount of the lease liability, lease payments made on or before the commencement date of the lease term net of lease incentives, and initial direct cost.

If it is reasonably certain that the ownership of the leasehold property will be obtained at the end of the lease term, the Company will depreciate the leasehold property over its estimated remaining service life. If it is not reasonably certain that the ownership of the leasehold property will be obtained at the end of the lease term, the Company will depreciate the leased assets over the lease term or the remaining service life, whichever is shorter. When the recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, the carrying amount is written down to the recoverable amount.

② Lease liabilities

The Company initially measures the lease liabilities at the current value of the lease payments outstanding at the start date of the lease term. Lease payments include fixed payments and payments that are reasonably certain to be made when the option to purchase or terminate the lease is exercised. Variable lease payments that are not covered in the measurement of the lease liabilities are included in current profit or loss when actually incurred.

The Company uses the interest rate implicit in lease as the rate of discount. If the interest rate implicit in lease cannot be reasonably determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate is used as the rate of discount. Interest expense on the lease liability for each period during the lease term is calculated on the basis of a fixed periodic rate, i.e., the discount rate used by the Company or a revised discount rate, and is included in finance costs.

2) Judgment criteria and accounting treatment for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets as a lessee for simplified treatment

For short-term leases with a lease term of no exceeding 12 months and leases where the brand-new value of a single asset is less than RMB40,000, the Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, and to charge the related rental expenses to current profit or loss or the cost of the related assets on a straight-line basis for each period during the lease term.

  • (2) Accounting treatment of leases as the lessor The Company recognizes leases that transfer substantially all the risks and rewards associated with

ownership of the leased asset as finance leases at the inception of the lease, and leases other than these are classified as operating leases.

  • 1) Accounting treatment of operating leases Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Initial direct expenses are capitalized and recognized as current income in instalments over the lease term on the same recognition basis as rental income, and variable rentals not included in lease receipts are recognized as rental income when they are actually incurred.
  • 2) Accounting treatment of financial lease On the inception of a lease, the difference between the sum of finance lease receivable and unguaranteed residual value and its present value is recognized as unrealized lease income by the Company, which is recognized as lease income in each period when the rent is received in the future and the finance lease asset is derecognized. Initial direct costs are included in the initial recorded value of the finance lease receivable.
  • 42. Other Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

(1) Safety production expenses

Operating in the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, the Company has accrued safety production expenses in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Management Measures for the Provision and Use of Enterprise Production Safety Costs (C.Z. [2022] No. 136) jointly issued by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Emergency Management on November 21, 2022. Safety production expenses, when accrued, are included in costs or current profit or loss of relevant products and in the “Special Reserve” account. When safety production expenses are used within the prescribed scope and are operating expenses, they are directly used to offset the special reserves. If they form fixed assets, the expenses incurred are first aggregated

under the “Construction in Progress” account, and when the safety projects are completed and reach the predetermined usable state, they are recognized as fixed assets. Meanwhile, the special reserves are offset as per the cost of forming fixed assets, and an equivalent amount of accumulated depreciation is recognized. The aforesaid fixed assets will not be depreciated as accrued in the future period.

  • 43. Changes in Main Accounting Policies and Estimates
  • (1) Change in accounting policies  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Content and reasons for the change in accounting policyFinancial statement line items significantly affectedAmount affected
On June 4, 2026, the Ministry of Finance issued the Circular on Issuing Interpretation No. 20 of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (Cai Kuai〔2026〕No. 7). This Interpretation specifies two major matters: the “assessment of cash flow characteristics of financial asset contracts”, and “accounting treatment and relevant disclosures when a currency lacks convertibility”. It shall take effect as of the date of issuance. For new businesses falling within the scope stipulated by this Interpretation that arose from January 1, 2026 up to the effective date of this Interpretation, the Company shall make corresponding adjustments in accordance with the provisions hereof.None0.00

The Company adopted Interpretation No. 20 of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises effective January 1, 2026. This provision has no impact on the Company’s financial statements for the current reporting period and does not involve retrospective adjustments to prior years.

  • (2) Changes in accounting estimates

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (3) Adjustments to Financial Statement Items at the Beginning of the Year of the First Implementation of the New Accounting Standards Implemented since 2026

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 44. Other information None

VI. Taxes

  • 1. Main Taxes and Tax Rates
Category of taxesTax basisTax rate
VATSales volume from goods selling or taxable service3%, 5%, 6%, 9%, 13%
Urban maintenance and construction taxTurnover tax payable7%, 5%
Enterprise income taxTaxable incomeTax-free, 15%, 20%, 22%, 25%

Notes of the disclosure situation of the taxpaying bodies with different enterprises income tax rate:

NameIncome tax rate
The Company, Zhida Company, Chanchang Company, Fozhao Optoelectronics, Liaowang Auto Lamp, Chongqing Guinuo, Liuzhou Lighting, Liuzhou Foreshine, Qingdao Lighting, NationStar Optoelectronics, NationStar Semiconductor, Fenghua Semiconductor, Hainan Technology, Hule Electrical, NationStar Germany (note 1) and Xinxiang Company15%
Thailand CompanyTax-free
Airtrust20%
Indonesia Liaowang (note 2)22%
Other subsidiaries25%
  • Note 1: NationStar Germany, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the subsidiary Fozhao Optoelectronics, is

registered in Germany. In accordance with local tax policies, it is subject to corporate income tax at a tax rate of 15%.

  • Note 2: Liaowang Indonesia, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the subsidiary Liaowang Auto Lamp, is

registered in Indonesia. In accordance with local tax policies, it is subject to corporate income tax at a tax rate of 22%.

2. Tax Preference
  • (1) The Company passed the review as an Innovation Company in December 2023 and obtained the

Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No. GR202344003659). According to relevant regulations, the Company is entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax rate of 15% for three years starting from 2023. Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Company shall prepay enterprise income tax at a tax rate of 15% for 2026.

  • (2) Subsidiary Zhida Company passed the review as an Innovation Company in December 2025 and obtained

the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202544000734). According to the relevant regulations, Zhida Company is entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax rate of 15% for three years starting from 2025.

  • (3) Subsidiary Chanchang Company passed the review as an “Innovation Company” in November 2024 and

obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202444001793). According to the relevant regulations, Chanchang Company is entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax rate of 15% for three years

  • starting from 2024.
  • (4) Subsidiary Fozhao Optoelectronics passed the review as an Innovation Company in December 2025 and

obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No. GR202544000737). According to relevant regulations, Fozhao Optoelectronics is entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax rate of 15% for three years

  • starting from 2025.
  • (5) Subsidiary Liaowang Auto Lamp passed the review as an Innovation Company in December 2023 and

obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No. GR202345001098). According to relevant regulations, Liaowang Auto Lamp is entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax rate of 15% for three years starting from 2023. Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China, Liaowang Auto Lamp shall prepay enterprise income tax at a tax rate of 15% for 2026.

  • (6) Chongqing Guinuo, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Liaowang Auto Lamp, enjoys the tax incentives of

reducing and exempting enterprise income tax for the development of western China since January 1, 2019, and is entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax rate of 15% after examination by and filing with the tax authorities.

  • (7) Liuzhou Lighting, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Liaowang Auto Lamp, passed the review as an

Innovation Company in December 2025 and obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202545000255). According to relevant regulations, Liuzhou Lighting will pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2025.

  • (8) Liuzhou Foreshine, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Liaowang Auto Lamp, passed the review as an

Innovation Company in November 2024 and the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202445000159). According to relevant regulations, Liuzhou Fuxuan will pay enterprise income tax at a

  • reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2024.

(9) Qingdao Lighting, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Liaowang Auto Lamp, passed the review as an Innovation Company in December 2025 and obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202237100785). According to relevant regulations, Qingdao Lighting will pay enterprise income tax at a

  • reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2025.
  • (10) Subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics passed the review as an Innovation Company in December 2023

and obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No. GR202344017343). According to relevant regulations, NationStar Optoelectronics will pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years

  • starting from 2023. Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China, NationStar Optoelectronics shall prepay enterprise income tax at a tax rate of 15% for 2026.
  • (11) NationStar Semiconductor, a wholly-owned subsidiary of NationStar Optoelectronics, passed the review

as an Innovation Company in November 2024 and obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202444004544). According to relevant regulations, NationStar Semiconductor will pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2024.

  • (12) Fenghua Semiconductor, a majority-owned subsidiary of NationStar Optoelectronics, passed the review

as an Innovation Company in December 2024 and obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202444013633) According to relevant regulations, Fenghua Semiconductor will pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2024.

  • (13) Subsidiary Hainan Technology was recognized as an Innovation Company in October 2024 and

obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202446000187). According to relevant regulations, Hainan Technology is entitled to pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years

  • starting from 2024.
  • (14) Hule Electrical, a majority-owned subsidiary of Hainan Technology, was recognized as an Innovation

Company in December 2023 and obtained the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202333010552). According to relevant regulations, Hule Electrical is entitled to pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2023. Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China, Hule Electrical shall prepay enterprise income tax at a tax rate of 15% for 2026.

  • (15) Subsidiary Xinxiang Company was recognized as an Innovation Company in October 2024 and obtained

the Innovation Company certificate (Certificate No.: GR202441001673). According to relevant regulations, Xinxiang Company is entitled to pay enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for three years starting from 2024.

  • (16) The subsidiary, Airtrust, is a “Small Low-Profit Enterprise”. According to relevant regulations, the

policy of calculating taxable income at a reduced rate of 25% and paying corporate income tax at a rate of 20% for a “Small Low-Profit Enterprise” will continue until December 31, 2027. From January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2027, resource tax (excluding water resource tax), urban maintenance and construction tax, property tax, urban land use tax, stamp duty (excluding securities transaction stamp duty), cultivated land occupation tax, and education surcharge and local education surcharge will be levied at half the rate for a “Small Low-Profit Enterprise”.

  • (17) Thailand Company, a subsidiary of subsidiary Fozhao Optoelectronics, is registered in Thailand.

According to local tax policies, profits up to 300,000 Thai Baht are exempt from taxation.

  • 3. Other information Taxes have been paid in accordance with the relevant provisions of the tax law.

VII Notes to Main Items of Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Monetary Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Cash on hand25,517.8533,030.81
Bank deposits794,152,449.591,498,436,755.78
Other monetary assets (note 1)485,737,173.43647,818,448.10
Money deposited in finance company (note 2)1,109,454,612.151,304,152,847.36
To-be-received interest (note 3)4,099,989.625,302,009.12
Total2,393,469,742.643,455,743,091.17
Of which: Total amount deposited overseas51,413,838.8066,844,431.32

Other notes:

  • Note 1: Other monetary assets were security deposits for notes and performance bonds, pre-sold property

proceeds, as well as investments placed with security firm and the balance with third-party payment platforms, of which the security deposits for notes and performance bonds as well as pre-sold property proceeds were restricted assets (see “31. Assets with Restricted Ownership or Right of Use” in Note “VII”).

  • Note 2: Deposits placed with finance companies referred to the amount deposited with Guangdong Rising

Finance Co., Ltd.

  • Note 3: To-be-received interest was interest receivable on undue bank deposits and term deposits as at the

end of the Reporting Period, which was not recognized as cash and cash equivalents.

2. Trading Financial Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss2,106,282.552,768,997.33
Including:
Equity instrument investments2,106,282.552,768,997.33
Total2,106,282.552,768,997.33
  • 3. Derivative Financial Assets None.
  • 4. Notes Receivable
  • (1) Notes Receivable Disclosed by Category

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Bank acceptance bill641,249,462.95628,480,403.75
Commercial acceptance bill112,012,434.57104,354,748.40
Total753,261,897.52732,835,152.15
  • (2) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)
Notes receivabl e with bad debt provisio n on an individu al basis
Notes receivabl e with bad debt provisio n on a portfolio basis755,560, 835.78100.00%2,298,93 8.260.30%753,261, 897.52734,965, 033.34100.00%2,129,88 1.190.29%732,835, 152.15
Of which:
Bank acceptan ce bill641,249, 462.9584.87%0.000.00%641,249, 462.95628,480, 403.7585.51%0.000.00%628,480, 403.75
Commer cial acceptan ce bill114,311, 372.8315.13%2,298,93 8.262.01%112,012, 434.57106,484, 629.5914.49%2,129,88 1.192.00%104,354, 748.40
Total755,560, 835.78100.00%2,298,93 8.260.30%753,261, 897.52734,965, 033.34100.00%2,129,88 1.190.29%732,835, 152.15

Category names of bad debt provision on a portfolio basis: Bank acceptance bill, Commercial acceptance bill.

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)
Within 1 year755,560,835.782,298,938.260.30%
Total755,560,835.782,298,938.26

A description of the basis for determining the portfolio: See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. If bad debt provision for notes receivable is provided for under the general model of expected credit losses:

□ Applicable  Not applicable

(3) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period Bad debt provision during the period:

Unit: RMB

CategoryOpening balanceChanges for the periodClosing balance
ProvisionRecovery or reversalWrite-offOthers
Notes receivable with bad debt provision on a portfolio basis2,129,881.19169,057.072,298,938.26
Total2,129,881.19169,057.072,298,938.26

Of which, bad debt provision with a significant recovered or reversed amount during the period:

□ Applicable  Not applicable

(4) Notes Receivable Pledged by the Company as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemAmount pledged as at the end of the period
Bank acceptance bill419,208,184.04
Total419,208,184.04
(5) Notes Receivable Endorsed or Discounted by the Company That Were not yet Due as at the Balance Sheet Date

Unit: RMB

ItemDerecognized amount as at the end of the periodAmount not derecognized as at the end of the period
Bank acceptance bill73,423,012.68152,278,185.39
Commercial acceptance bill1,271,079.60
Total73,423,012.68153,549,264.99
  • (6) Notes Receivable Written off during the Period None.
  • 5. Accounts Receivable
  • (1) Disclosure by Aging

Unit: RMB

AgingGross amount at period-endGross amount at period-beginning
Within 1 year (including 1 year)1,986,786,540.412,052,722,441.79
1 to 2 years90,714,478.56118,636,510.81
2 to 3 years67,351,169.0160,271,415.93
Over 3 years137,175,392.04140,365,035.54
3 to 4 years51,046,670.7051,225,665.54
4 to 5 years39,612,340.3054,131,540.70
Over 5 years46,516,381.0435,007,829.30
Total2,282,027,580.022,371,995,404.07
  • (2) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)
Account s receivabl e with bad debt provisio n on an individu al basis83,285,3 40.523.65%67,135,3 40.4680.61%16,150,0 00.06108,762, 538.904.59%75,756,2 78.5269.65%33,006,2 60.38
Account s receivabl e with bad debt provisio n on a portfolio basis2,198,74 2,239.5096.35%128,917, 929.855.86%2,069,82 4,309.652,263,23 2,865.1795.41%122,913, 841.775.43%2,140,31 9,023.40
Of which:
Business portfolio of1,476,52 4,140.1864.70%113,478, 203.247.69%1,363,04 5,936.941,489,40 1,022.5262.79%106,212, 902.467.13%1,383,18 8,120.06
general lighting and auto lamps
Business portfolio of LED packagin g and compone nts722,218, 099.3231.65%15,439,7 26.612.14%706,778, 372.71773,831, 842.6532.62%16,700,9 39.312.16%757,130, 903.34
Total2,282,02 7,580.02100.00%196,053, 270.318.59%2,085,97 4,309.712,371,99 5,404.07100.00%198,670, 120.298.38%2,173,32 5,283.78

Category name of bad debt provision on an individual basis: Accounts receivable with bad debt provision on an individual basis. There were no significant accounts receivable with bad debt provision on an individual basis during the period or in other periods. Category names of bad debt provision on a portfolio basis: Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps, Business portfolio of LED packaging and components.

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)
Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps1,476,524,140.18113,478,203.247.69%
Business portfolio of LED packaging and components722,218,099.3215,439,726.612.14%
Total2,198,742,239.50128,917,929.85

A description of the basis for determining the portfolio: See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. If bad debt provision for accounts receivable is provided for under the general model of expected credit losses:

□ Applicable  Not applicable

(3) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period Bad debt provision during the period:

Unit: RMB

CategoryOpening balanceChanges for the periodClosing balance
ProvisionReversal of write-offs from prior periodsRecovery or reversalWrite-offOthers
Accounts receivable75,756,278.52-924,680.3728,318.31972,240.446,752,335.5667,135,340.4 6
with bad debt provision on an individual basis
Accounts receivable with bad debt provision on a portfolio basis122,913,841.776,386,852.24368,741.18-14,022.98128,917,929. 85
Total198,670,120.295,462,171.8728,318.31972,240.447,121,076.74-14,022.98196,053,270. 31

Note: Others were differences arising from the translation of financial statements denominated in foreign currencies at the end of the period. Of which, bad debt provision with a significant recovered or reversed amount during the period: None

(4) Accounts Receivable Written off during the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemAmount written off
Accounts receivable written off7,121,076.74

Of which, significant accounts receivable written off: Not applicable Notes to the write-off:

RMB7,121,076.74 of accounts receivable has been written off with the bad debt provision of RMB7,121,076.74, and the approval procedures have been performed in accordance with the Company’s bad debt management system.

(5) Top 5 Balances of Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets by Debtor as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

Name of the entityClosing balance of accounts receivableClosing balance of contract assetsClosing balance of accounts receivable and contract assetsProportion to total closing balance of accounts receivable and contract assetsClosing balance of bad debt provision for accounts receivable and impairment provision for contract assets
No. 198,270,622.4798,270,622.474.30%3,128,029.96
No. 290,561,230.2090,561,230.203.97%2,716,836.91
No. 378,127,173.9278,127,173.923.42%2,348,984.73
No. 452,036,388.8852,036,388.882.28%1,561,091.67
No. 549,885,363.1149,885,363.112.18%1,496,560.85
Total368,880,778.58368,880,778.5816.15%11,251,504.12
  • 6. Contract Assets
  • (1) List of Contract Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
Contract assets1,126,681.30901,345.04225,336.262,253,362.601,802,690.08450,672.52
Total1,126,681.30901,345.04225,336.262,253,362.601,802,690.08450,672.52
  • (2) Amount and Reasons for Material Changes in Carrying Amount during the Reporting Period No material changes occurred in the carrying amount during the Reporting Period.
  • (3) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)
Bad debt provisio n on an individu al basis
Bad debt provisio n on a portfolio basis1,126,68 1.30100.00%901,345. 0480.00%225,336. 262,253,36 2.60100.00%1,802,69 0.0880.00%450,672. 52
Of which:
Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps1,126,68 1.30100.00%901,345. 0480.00%225,336. 262,253,36 2.60100.00%1,802,69 0.0880.00%450,672. 52
Total1,126,68 1.30100.00%901,345. 0480.00%225,336. 262,253,36 2.60100.00%1,802,69 0.0880.00%450,672. 52

Category name of bad debt provision on a portfolio basis: Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps.

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)
Business portfolio of general1,126,681.30901,345.0480.00%
lighting and auto lamps
Total1,126,681.30901,345.04

A description of the basis for determining the portfolio: See Note V-16. Contract Assets. Bad debt provision provided for under the general model of expected credit losses:

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (4) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemProvisionRecovered or reversed during the periodCharged off/written off during the periodReason
Impairment provision for contract assets-901,345.04
Total-901,345.04

Of which, bad debt provision with a significant recovered or reversed amount during the period: None

  • (5) Contract Assets Written off during the Period None.
  • 7. Accounts Receivable Financing
  • (1) Accounts Receivable Financing Disclosed by Category

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Bank acceptance bill467,728,813.47415,949,788.02
Total467,728,813.47415,949,788.02
  • (2) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method None.

Basis for classification into stages and provision rates of bad debt provision

See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. Explanation of significant changes in the gross amount of accounts receivable financing where the bad debt provision has changed during the period:

None.

  • (3) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period None.
  • (4) Accounts Receivable Financing Pledged by the Company as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemAmount pledged as at the end of the period
Bank acceptance bill26,500,000.00
Total26,500,000.00
  • (5) Accounts Receivable Financing Endorsed or Discounted by the Company That Were not yet Due as at the Balance Sheet Date

Unit: RMB

ItemDerecognized amount as at the end of the periodAmount not derecognized as at the end of the period
Bank acceptance bill1,037,272,369.50
Total1,037,272,369.50
  • (6) Accounts Receivable Financing Written off during the Period None.
  • (7) Movements in Accounts Receivable Financing and Changes in Fair Value during the Period None.
  • (8) Other Notes None.
  • 8. Other Receivables

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Other receivables51,718,835.8582,678,537.89
Total51,718,835.8582,678,537.89
(1) Interest Receivable

None.

(2) Dividend Receivable

None.

(3) Other Receivables

  • 1) Other Receivables Disclosed by Category of Nature

Unit: RMB

NatureGross amount at period-endGross amount at period-beginning
Performance guarantee deposits17,138,581.1616,916,339.82
Value-added tax (VAT) export rebates7,578,848.4220,284,110.73
Employee loans and petty cash3,567,770.451,881,995.33
Rent and utilities2,800,371.782,229,668.90
Other transactions58,816,971.0380,310,603.33
Total89,902,542.84121,622,718.11
2) Disclosure by Aging

Unit: RMB

AgingGross amount at period-endGross amount at period-beginning
Within 1 year (including 1 year)36,473,931.6350,304,035.90
1 to 2 years4,138,086.6217,170,952.38
2 to 3 years12,534,667.9018,350,276.26
Over 3 years36,755,856.6935,797,453.57
3 to 4 years6,505,618.236,424,579.68
4 to 5 years1,464,386.851,371,309.73
Over 5 years28,785,851.6128,001,564.16
Total89,902,542.84121,622,718.11
3) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)
Bad debt provisio n on an individu al basis37,924,5 11.3742.18%27,319,1 37.6272.04%10,605,3 73.7557,300,9 94.2847.11%27,907,1 91.0348.70%29,393,8 03.25
Bad debt provisio n on a portfolio basis51,978,0 31.4757.82%10,864,5 69.3720.90%41,113,4 62.1064,321,7 23.8352.89%11,036,9 89.1917.16%53,284,7 34.64
Of which:
Deposits and guarante es17,138,5 81.1619.07%7,931,33 6.7446.28%9,207,24 4.4216,916,3 39.8213.92%7,908,73 8.9746.75%9,007,60 0.85
Amount s due from/to related parties2,993,89 2.223.33%930,352. 4231.08%2,063,53 9.802,508,58 6.942.06%956,601. 3538.13%1,551,98 5.59
Advance s and others31,845,5 58.0935.42%2,002,88 0.216.29%29,842,6 77.8844,896,7 97.0736.91%2,171,64 8.874.84%42,725,1 48.20
Total89,902,5 42.84100.00%38,183,7 06.9942.47%51,718,8 35.85121,622, 718.11100.00%38,944,1 80.2232.02%82,678,5 37.89

Category name of bad debt provision on an individual basis: Bad debt provision on an individual basis.

Accounts receivable with bad debt provision on an individual basis in the period and the prior period:

Unit: RMB

NameOpening balanceClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionGross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)Basis for provision
Wuxi Yixin Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.20,000,000.0020,000,000.0020,000,000.0020,000,000.00100.00%Recovery of the amount is considered unlikely.
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Foshan Branch15,883,375.00476,501.2510,933,375.00328,001.253.00%Based on litigation in the period, a bad debt provision is made on an individual basis.
Infore Robotics & Automation Co., Ltd.14,419,514.95432,585.45
Total50,302,889.9520,909,086.7030,933,375.0020,328,001.25

Category names of bad debt provision on a portfolio basis: Deposits and guarantees, Amounts due from/to related parties, Advances and others.

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)
Deposits and guarantees17,138,581.167,931,336.7446.28%
Amounts due from/to related parties2,993,892.22930,352.4231.08%
Advances and others31,845,558.092,002,880.216.29%
Total51,978,031.4710,864,569.37

A description of the basis for determining the portfolio: See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. Bad debt provision provided for under the general model of expected credit losses:

Unit: RMB

Bad debt provisionStage 1Stage 2Stage 3Total
12-month expected credit lossLifetime expected credit losses (not credit-impaired)Lifetime expected credit losses (creditimpaired)
Balance as at January 1, 20261,528,699.769,508,289.4327,907,191.0338,944,180.22
Balance as at January 1, 2026 in the period
Provided for during the-401,767.62255,360.17-588,053.41-734,460.86
period
Other changes-26,012.37-26,012.37
Balance as at June 30, 20261,100,919.779,763,649.6027,319,137.6238,183,706.99

Basis for classification into stages and provision rates of bad debt provision See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. Explanation of material changes in gross amount arising from movements in loss allowance during the period

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 4) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period Bad debt provision during the period:

Unit: RMB

CategoryOpening balanceChanges for the periodClosing balance
ProvisionRecovery or reversalCharge off or write offOthers
Other receivables38,944,180.22-734,460.86-26,012.3738,183,706.99
Total38,944,180.22-734,460.86-26,012.3738,183,706.99

Of which, bad debt provision with a significant recovered or reversed amount during the period: None.

  • 5) Other Receivables Written off during the Period None.
  • 6) Top 5 Balances of Other Receivables by Debtor as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

Name of the entityNatureClosing balanceAgingProportion to total closing balance of other receivables %Closing balance of bad debt provision
Wuxi Yixin Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.Other transactions20,000,000.00Over 5 years22.25%20,000,000.00
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Foshan BranchOther transactions10,933,375.00Within 3 years12.16%328,001.25
Guangdong Provincial Tax Service, State Taxation AdministrationValue-added tax (VAT) export rebates7,578,848.42Within 1 year8.43%227,365.45
Jiangsu Fozhao Contract Energy Management Development Co.,Other transactions5,000,000.00Within 4 years5.56%5,000,000.00
Ltd.
Individual social security contributions withheld and paid by the CompanyOther transactions3,839,057.79Within 1 year4.27%139,813.26
Total47,351,281.2152.67%25,695,179.96
  • 7) Other receivables Presented due to Centralized Management of Funds None.
  • 9. Prepayments
  • (1) Prepayments Disclosed by Aging

Unit: RMB

AgingClosing balanceOpening balance
AmountProportionAmountProportion
Within 1 year34,419,421.4879.40%42,210,473.8384.78%
1 to 2 years2,995,359.916.91%3,276,728.216.58%
2 to 3 years2,199,262.995.07%1,563,537.853.14%
Over 3 years3,738,152.678.62%2,739,309.425.50%
Total43,352,197.0549,790,049.31

Notes of the reasons of the prepayment aging over 1 year with significant amount but failed settled in time: None.

  • (2) Top 5 Balances of Prepayments by Debtor as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

Name of the entityRelationship with the CompanyClosing balanceAgingProportion to total prepayments
No. 1Non-Related Party10,934,166.52Within 1 year25.22%
No. 2Non-Related Party2,063,653.37Within 2 year4.76%
No. 3Non-Related Party1,949,197.49Within 1 year4.50%
No. 4Non-Related Party1,536,648.28Within 1 year3.54%
No. 5Non-Related Party1,230,771.73Within 1 year2.84%
Total17,714,437.3940.86%
  • 10. Inventories Whether the Company needs to comply with the disclosure requirements for the real estate industry No
  • (1) Category of Inventories

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountProvisions for inventoryCarrying amountGross amountProvisions for inventoryCarrying amount
impairments or impairment provisions for contract performance costsimpairments or impairment provisions for contract performance costs
Raw materials522,711,299.8217,437,427.63505,273,872.19355,222,010.0817,408,072.98337,813,937.10
Goods in process272,173,170.99272,173,170.99254,192,102.97254,192,102.97
Inventory goods1,399,128,001. 43183,571,064.741,215,556,936. 691,439,828,181. 08170,433,798.551,269,394,382. 53
Goods in transit232,056,226.144,177,979.87227,878,246.27217,149,231.6616,800,564.57200,348,667.09
Semi-finished goods106,959,362.541,876,341.94105,083,020.6097,109,458.642,061,225.7495,048,232.90
Low-value consumables2,384,563.052,384,563.052,032,676.872,032,676.87
Others13,387,235.0013,387,235.004,830,653.194,830,653.19
Total2,548,799,858. 97207,062,814.182,341,737,044. 792,370,364,314. 49206,703,661.842,163,660,652. 65
  • (2) Data Resources Recognized as Inventories None.
  • (3) Provisions for Inventory Impairments and Impairment Provisions for Contract Performance Costs

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
ProvisionOthersReversal or chargeoffOthers
Raw materials17,408,072.98318,438.71289,084.0617,437,427.63
Inventory goods170,433,798.5538,303,879.2925,166,613.10183,571,064.74
Goods in transit16,800,564.571,823,585.7214,446,170.424,177,979.87
Semi-finished goods2,061,225.74102,378.87287,262.671,876,341.94
Total206,703,661.8440,548,282.5940,189,130.25207,062,814.18

Note: Of the amount reversed or charged off during the period, the reversal amount was RMB287,221.06 and the charge-off amount was RMB39,901,909.19.. Provisions for inventory impairments on a portfolio basis

None. Criteria for making provisions for inventory impairments on a portfolio basis See Note V-17. Inventory.

  • (4) Capitalized Borrowing Cost in the Closing Balance of Inventories None.
  • (5) Notes to the Amount of Contract Performance Costs Amortized for the Period None.
  • 11. Assets held for sale None.
  • 12. Current Portion of Non-current Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Current portion of other debt investments1,042,833,211.63429,862,721.67
Total1,042,833,211.63429,862,721.67
  • (1) Current Portion of Debt Investments

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (2) Current Portion of Other Debt Investments  Applicable □ Not applicable
  • 1) List of Current Portion of Other Debt Investments

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceAccrued interestChange in fair value in the periodClosing balanceCostAccumulat ed changes in fair valueAccumulat ed impairment provision recognized in other comprehen sive incomeNotes
Largedenominati on certificates of deposit purchased in 2023429,862,72 1.674,403,867.9 6324,366,58 9.63300,000,00 0.00
Largedenominati on certificates of deposit purchased in 202441,466,622. 00718,466,62 2.00677,000,00 0.00
Total429,862,72 1.6745,870,489. 961,042,833,2 11.63977,000,00 0.00
  • 2) Significant Current Portion of Other Debt Investments as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemPar valueCoupMaturity dateActual interest rateOverdue principal
on rateClosing balanceOpening balanceClosing balanceOpening balance
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 202350,000,000.002.90 %August 31, 20262.90%2.90%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 2023100,000,000.002.90 %November 3, 20262.90%2.90%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 2023150,000,000.002.95 %December 1, 20262.95%2.95%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 2024212,000,000.002.75 %February 5, 20272.75%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 202455,000,000.002.60 %February 5, 20272.60%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 2024143,000,000.002.60 %February 5, 20272.60%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 202452,000,000.002.60 %February 5, 20272.60%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 2024150,000,000.002.60 %March 8, 20272.60%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 202435,000,000.002.60 %March 29, 20272.60%
Large-denomination certificates of deposit acquired in 202430,000,000.002.60 %April 30, 20272.60%
Total977,000,000.00
  • 3) Impairment Provision None.
  • 4) Status of Current Portion of Other Debt Investments Written-off during the Period None.
  • 13. Other Current Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Value-added tax (VAT) input tax to be verified or deducted208,431,568.03180,724,871.99
Time deposits, large-denomination certificates of deposit479,171,233.0635,013,164.98
Prepaid corporate income tax10,979,058.134,349,157.57
Others18,065,998.631,499,186.49
Total716,647,857.85221,586,381.03
  • 14. Debt Investments None.
  • 15. Other Debt Investments
  • (1) List of Other Debt Investments

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceAccrued interestInterest adjustmen tChange in fair value in the periodClosing balanceCostAccumula ted changes in fair valueAccumula ted impairme nt provision recognize d in other comprehe nsive incomeNotes
Largedenomina tion certificate s of deposit acquired in 2024720,083,6 94.31The closing balance was reclassifie d to current portion of noncurrent assets
Largedenomina tion certificate s of deposit acquired in 2026947,945.2 0100,947,9 45.20100,000,0 00.00
Total720,083,6 94.31947,945.2 0100,947,9 45.20100,000,0 00.00
  • (2) Significant Other Debt Investments as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Par valueCoupon rateActual interest rateMaturity dateOverdue principalPar valueCoupon rateActual interest rateMaturity dateOverdue principal
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by Guangdo ng100,000, 000.002.00%2.00%January 8, 2029
Huaxing Bank
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by Bank of Guangzh ou212,000, 000.002.75%2.75%February 5, 2027
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by China Everbrig ht Bank55,000,0 00.002.60%2.60%February 5, 2027
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by Hua Xia Bank143,000, 000.002.60%2.60%February 5, 2027
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by China Merchan ts Bank62,000,0 00.002.60%2.60%February 5, 2027
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by Hua Xia Bank150,000, 000.002.60%2.60%March 8, 2027
Largedenomin ation certificat es of35,000,0 00.002.60%2.60%March 29, 2027
deposit issued by China Merchan ts Bank
Largedenomin ation certificat es of deposit issued by China Merchan ts Bank30,000,0 00.002.60%2.60%April 30, 2027
Total100,000, 000.00687,000, 000.00
  • (3) Impairment Provision None.

Basis for classification into stages and provision rates of bad debt provision See Note V-17. Other Debt Investments.

  • (4) Other Debt Investments Written off during the Period None.
  • 16. Other Equity Investments

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceGains recognized in other comprehen sive income in the periodLosses recognized in other comprehen sive income in the periodCumulative gain recognized in other comprehen sive income as at the end of the periodCumulative loss recognized in other comprehen sive income as at the end of the periodDividend income recognized in the periodClosing balanceReasons for designating as at fair value through other comprehen sive income
Xiamen Bank Co., Ltd.421,011,50 0.1029,252,842. 65238,801,05 0.626,309,436.6 5391,758,65 7.45Nontrading equity instruments
China Guangfa Bank Co., Ltd.500,000.00500,000.00Nontrading equity instruments
Guangdong Embodied Intelligence Technolog y Co., Ltd.0.0015,150,000. 00Nontrading equity instruments
Foshan3,000,000.03,000,000.0Non-
Nanhai District United Guangdong New Light Source Industry Innovation Center00trading equity instruments
Beijing Glory Alliance Semicondu ctor Lighting Industry Investment Center (L.P.)6,082,543.8 06,082,543.8 0Nontrading equity instruments
Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.30,000,000. 00214,945.8030,000,000. 00Nontrading equity instruments
Guangdong Rising Hun dred Counties, Thousand Towns, and Ten Thousand Villages High Quality Developme nt Project Ind ustrial Investment Fund of Funds Partnership Enterprise (Limited Partnership )11,200,000. 0011,200,000. 00Nontrading equity instruments
Total471,794,04 3.9029,252,842. 65238,801,05 0.626,524,382.4 5457,691,20 1.25

Non-trading equity instrument investment in the period disclosed by items

Unit: RMB

ItemDividend income recognizedAccumulative gainsAccumulative lossesAmount reclassified from other comprehensive income toReasons for designating as at fair value through other comprehensiveReasons for reclassification from other comprehensive income to
retained earningsincomeretained earnings
Xiamen Bank Co., Ltd.6,309,436.65238,801,050.62Not satisfied with the condition of trading equity instrumentN/A
Beijing Glory Alliance Semiconductor Lighting Industry Investment Center (L.P.)1,538,068.73Not satisfied with the condition of trading equity instrumentN/A
Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.214,945.801,337,859.54Not satisfied with the condition of trading equity instrumentN/A
Total6,524,382.45241,676,978.89
  • 17. Long-term Receivables None.
  • 18. Long-term Equity Investment

Unit: RMB

Investe eOpeni ng balanc e (carryi ng amoun t)Openi ng balanc e of impair ment provisi onChanges for the periodClosin g balanc e (carryi ng amoun t)Closin g balanc e of impair ment provisi on
Additi onal invest<br><br>mentReduc ed invest mentInvest ment gains and losses recogn ized under the equity metho dAdjust ment of other compr ehensi ve incom eChang es of other equityCash<br><br>bonus or profits annou nced to issueProvisi on for impair mentOthers
I. Joint ventures
II. Associated enterprises
Primat ronix (Nanh o) Electro nics Ltd.184,80 6,652. 92691,17 0.38185,49 7,823. 30
Subtot al184,80 6,652. 92691,17 0.38185,49 7,823. 30
Total184,80 6,652. 92691,17 0.38185,49 7,823. 30

The recoverable amount is determined based on fair value less costs of disposal

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable The recoverable amount is determined based on the present value of the estimated future cash flows
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Reasons for significant inconsistency between the above-mentioned information and the information adopted in the impairment tests in the prior year or external information

None. Reasons for significant inconsistency between the information adopted in the impairment tests in the prior year and the actual situation in the year

None.

  • 19. Other Non-current Financial Assets None.
  • 20. Investment Property
  • (1) Investment Property Measured at Cost  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemHouses and buildingsLand use rightConstructi on in progressTotal
I. Gross amount
1. Opening balance880,189,146.3361,486,213.33941,675,359.66
2. Increase during the period14,955,191.7214,955,191.72
(1) Purchased
(2) Transferred from inventories/fixed assets/construction in progress14,955,191.7214,955,191.72
(3) Increase from business combination
3. Decrease during the period4,749,744.524,749,744.52
(1) Disposal
(2) Other transfer4,749,744.524,749,744.52
4. Closing balance890,394,593.5361,486,213.33951,880,806.86
II. Accumulative depreciation and accumulative amortization
1.Opening balance116,287,102.5014,806,218.29131,093,320.79
2. Increase during the period20,139,328.52980,526.7321,119,855.25
(1) Provision or amortization16,262,210.70980,526.7317,242,737.43
(2) Transferred from inventories/fixed assets/construction in progress3,877,117.823,877,117.82
3. Decrease during the period1,280,374.311,280,374.31
(1) Disposal
(2) Other transfer1,280,374.311,280,374.31
4. Closing balance135,146,056.7115,786,745.02150,932,801.73
III. Impairment provisions
1.Opening balance
2. Increase during the period
(1) Provision
3. Decrease during the period
(1) Disposal
(2) Other transfer
4. Closing balance
IV. Carrying amount
1. Closing carrying amount755,248,536.8245,699,468.31800,948,005.13
2. Opening carrying amount763,902,043.8346,679,995.04810,582,038.87

The recoverable amount is determined based on fair value less costs of disposal

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable The recoverable amount is determined based on the present value of the estimated future cash flows
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Reasons for significant inconsistency between the above-mentioned information and the information adopted in the impairment tests in the prior year or external information

None. Reasons for significant inconsistency between the information adopted in the impairment tests in the prior year and the actual situation in the year

None.

  • (2) Investment Property Measured at Fair Value

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (3) Projects Converted to Investment Properties and Measured at Fair Value None.
  • (4) Investment Property without Certificate of Title As at June 30, 2026, the relevant property certificates for the LED Workshop and the leased portion of the

Hainan production base are still in progress. The Company believes that obtaining such property certificates is

not subject to any substantive legal obstacles and has no significant adverse impact on the Company’s normal operations.

21. Fixed Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Fixed assets3,500,790,477.783,584,415,229.00
Disposal of fixed assets3,459,057.992,502,347.90
Total3,504,249,535.773,586,917,576.90
(1) List of Fixed Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemHouses and buildingsMachinery equipmentTransportation equipmentElectronic equipmentOther (note:1)Total
I. Gross amount:
1. Opening balance2,589,240,721.615,574,206,506.8241,911,995.2692,501,595.68103,936,135.958,401,796,955. 32
2. Increase during the period42,192,675.94142,761,391.15391,197.646,485,221.102,592,668.49194,423,154.3 2
(1) Purchased890,708.8540,165,247.78391,197.644,717,075.81709,935.6146,874,165.69
(2) Transferred from construction in progress29,560,001.3298,866,958.541,768,145.291,869,387.88132,064,493.0 3
(3) Increase from business combination
(4) Others (note 2)11,741,965.773,729,184.8313,345.0015,484,495.60
3. Decrease during the period14,723,568.0651,464,660.332,812,086.23745,379.45139,174.8469,884,868.91
(1) Disposal or retirement94,444.4846,356,108.022,798,551.41140,746.17128,862.0449,518,712.12
(2) Equipment transformation434,301.76864,178.69567,331.201,865,811.65
(3) Others (Note 2)14,194,821.824,244,373.6213,534.8237,302.0810,312.8018,500,345.14
4. Closing balance2,616,709,829.495,665,503,237.6439,491,106.6798,241,437.33106,389,629.608,526,335,240. 73
II. Accumulative depreciation
1.Opening balance828,195,740.283,790,306,310.4431,925,646.9268,761,126.5182,633,757.584,801,822,581. 73
2. Increase60,215,359.13189,051,056.561,656,538.195,777,444.242,860,734.24259,561,132.3
during the period6
(1) Provision58,934,984.82187,255,839.941,656,538.195,777,444.242,860,734.24256,485,541.4 3
(2) Others (Note 2)1,280,374.311,795,216.623,075,590.93
3. Decrease during the period3,991,461.6945,153,232.592,765,881.33703,603.50136,898.3052,751,077.41
(1) Disposal or retirement43,627,841.412,752,481.85135,929.10126,688.6246,642,940.98
(2) Equipment transformation30,455.41257,534.72561,657.88849,648.01
(3) Others (note 2)3,961,006.281,267,856.4613,399.486,016.5210,209.685,258,488.42
4. Closing balance884,419,637.723,934,204,134.4130,816,303.7873,834,967.2585,357,593.525,008,632,636. 68
III. Impairment provisions
1.Opening balance6,580,100.008,969,473.625,738.723,832.2515,559,144.59
2. Increase during the period1,635,100.001,285.699,307.481,645,693.17
(1) Provision
(2) Others1,635,100.001,285.699,307.481,645,693.17
3. Decrease during the period292,313.26398.23292,711.49
(1) Disposal or retirement282,118.32282,118.32
(2) Others10,194.94398.2310,593.17
4. Closing balance8,215,200.008,677,160.366,626.1813,139.7316,912,126.27
IV. Carrying amount
1. Closing carrying amount1,724,074,991.771,722,621,942.878,674,802.8924,399,843.9021,018,896.353,500,790,477. 78
2. Opening carrying amount1,754,464,881.331,774,930,722.769,986,348.3423,734,730.4521,298,546.123,584,415,229. 00
  • Note 1: Fixed assets-Others refer to the Cooling system and wastewater treatment plant of NationStar Optoelectronics and tools, equipment, instruments and meters of Liaowang Auto Lamp, etc.
  • Note 2: Other increases or decreases in gross amount and accumulated depreciation are mainly due to the addition of houses and buildings and building accessories, the transfer between investment property and fixed assets arising from a change in the use of buildings during the period and exchange rate adjustment.
  • (2) Temporarily Idle Fixed Assets None.
  • (3) Fixed Assets Leased out under Operating Lease None.
  • (4) Fixed Assets without Certificate of Title The Company’s Glass Workshop 8, Glass Workshop 9, Fluorescent Lamp Workshop, Standard Workshop

A, Hainan Production Base (self-use part), Fuwan Employee Village Family Dormitory Building 2, Family Dormitory Building 8, Fuwan Employee Village Dormitory Building 7, and Employee Apartment Buildings 1-4 have been completed and put into use and carried forward fixed assets. As at June 30, 2026, the relevant property certificates are still in progress. The Company believes that obtaining such property certificates is not subject to any substantive legal obstacles and has no significant adverse impact on the Company’s normal operations.

  • (5) Impairment Test of Fixed Assets

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (6) Disposal of Fixed Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Machinery equipment3,459,057.992,502,347.90
Total3,459,057.992,502,347.90
22. Construction in progress

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Construction in progress250,251,499.08223,949,659.06
Total250,251,499.08223,949,659.06
(1) List of Construction in Progress

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountImpairment provisionCarrying amountGross amountImpairment provisionCarrying amount
Construction in progress251,846,318.221,594,819.14250,251,499.08225,544,478.201,594,819.14223,949,659.06
Total251,846,318.221,594,819.14250,251,499.08225,544,478.201,594,819.14223,949,659.06
  • (2) Changes in Significant Construction in Progress during the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemBudgetOpeni ng balanc eIncreas e during the periodTransf erred to fixed assets during the periodOther decrea ses during the periodClosin g balanc eCumul ative project invest ment as %<br><br>of the budgetProject progre ss (%)Cumul ative capital ized interes tOf which: Capital ized interes t during the periodInteres t capital ization rate for the period (%)Fundin g source
The Project of the Geely Industr ial Park1,714, 546,70 0.00147,40 7,216. 785,908, 969.7521,102 ,038.0 23,619, 385.84128,59 4,762. 6750.64 %50.64 %645,61 0.61Selfpooled funds and borrow ings
Total1,714, 546,70 0.00147,40 7,216. 785,908, 969.7521,102 ,038.0 23,619, 385.84128,59 4,762. 67645,61 0.61
  • (3) Impairment Provisions for Construction in Progress for the Period None.
  • (4) Impairment Test of Construction in Progress

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (5) Engineering Materials None.
  • 23. Productive Living Assets None.
  • 24. Oil and Gas Assets

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 25. Right-of-use Assets
  • (1) List of Right-of-use Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemHouses and buildingsMachinery equipmentTotal
I. Gross amount
1. Opening balance39,880,165.231,096,398.9640,976,564.19
2. Increase during the period418,158.33418,158.33
(1) Leased in418,158.33418,158.33
3. Decrease during the period2,882,761.412,882,761.41
(1) Disposal2,882,761.412,882,761.41
4.Closing balance37,415,562.151,096,398.9638,511,961.11
II. Accumulative depreciation
1. Opening balance16,272,843.99932,176.1117,205,020.10
2. Increase during the period6,019,030.88164,222.856,183,253.73
(1) Provision6,019,030.88164,222.856,183,253.73
3. Decrease during the period2,843,548.442,843,548.44
(1) Disposal2,843,548.442,843,548.44
4.Closing balance19,448,326.431,096,398.9620,544,725.39
III. Impairment provisions
1. Opening balance
2. Increase during the period
(1) Provision
3. Decrease during the period
(1) Disposal
4. Closing balance
IV. Carrying amount
1. Closing carrying amount17,967,235.7217,967,235.72
2. Opening carrying amount23,607,321.24164,222.8523,771,544.09
(2) Impairment Test of Right-of-use Assets

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 26. Intangible Assets
  • (1) List of Intangible Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemLand use rightPatentNonpatent technolo gySoftwareTrademarkOthers (note)Total
I. Gross amount
1. Opening balance369,823,060.6341,325,383. 35100,832,989. 9227,020,000.003,470,000. 00542,471,433.90
2. Increase during the period22,962,915.378,113,227.5031,076,142.87
(1) Purchased7,462,095.467,462,095.46
(2) Developed internally
(3) Increase from business combination
(4)Tra nsferred from construction in progress22,962,915.37651,132.0423,614,047.41
3. Decrease during the period
(1) Disposal
4. Closing balance392,785,976.0041,325,383. 35108,946,217. 4227,020,000.003,470,000. 00573,547,576.77
II. Accumulative amortization
1. Opening balance80,236,838.8427,347,287. 4747,042,450.1 93,827,833.37491,583.3 7158,945,993.24
2. Increase during the period4,173,195.801,303,517.6 98,498,282.851,351,000.00173,500.0 015,499,496.34
(1) Provision4,173,195.801,303,517.6 98,498,282.851,351,000.00173,500.0 015,499,496.34
3. Decrease during the period
(1) Disposal
4. Closing balance84,410,034.6428,650,805. 1655,540,733.0 45,178,833.37665,083.3 7174,445,489.58
III. Impairment provisions
1. Opening balance
2. Increase during the period
(1) Provision
3. Decrease during the period
(1) Disposal
4. Closing balance
IV. Carrying amount
1. Closing carrying amount308,375,941.3612,674,578. 1953,405,484.3 821,841,166.632,804,916. 63399,102,087.19
2. Opening carrying amount289,586,221.7913,978,095. 8853,790,539.7 323,192,166.632,978,416. 63383,525,440.66

Note: Intangible assets--Others refers to the software copyrights. The proportion of intangible assets formed from the internal R&D of the Company as at the end of the period to the closing balance of intangible assets was 0.00%.

  • (2) Data Resources Recognized as Intangible Assets None.
  • (3) Land Use Right without Certificate of Title None.
  • (4) Impairment Test of Intangible Assets

□ Applicable  Not applicable

27. Goodwill
  • (1) Gross Amount of Goodwill

Unit: RMB

Name of the invested units or events generating goodwillOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
Formed by business combinationOthersDisposedOthers
Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.405,620,123.64405,620,123.64
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.16,211,469.8216,211,469.82
Guangdong Airtrust Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd.125,552.07125,552.07
Total421,957,145.53421,957,145.53
  • (2) Impairment Provisions for Goodwill

Unit: RMB

Name of the invested units or events generating goodwillOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
ProvisionDisposal
Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.176,610,990.01176,610,990.01
Total176,610,990.01176,610,990.01
28. Long-term Prepaid Expense

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodAmortization during the periodOther decreasesClosing balance
Mold248,548,268.4471,799,315.7426,891,509.2515,213,272.94278,242,801.99
Expense on maintenance and74,762,383.8514,818,238.0517,046,527.29228,896.2572,305,198.36
decoration
Boarding box610,628.31148,106.91462,521.40
Others12,017,139.883,563,777.743,657,066.3911,923,851.23
Total335,938,420.4890,181,331.5347,743,209.8415,442,169.19362,934,372.98

Other notes: Other decreases of mold represent disposals of mold.

  • 29. Deferred Income Tax Assets/Deferred Income Tax Liabilities
  • (1) Deferred Income Tax Assets before Offsetting

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Deductible temporary differenceDeferred income tax assetsDeductible temporary differenceDeferred income tax assets
Provision for impairment of assets456,917,460.8470,211,529.92455,575,694.1469,542,275.28
Unrealized profit of internal transactions31,506,763.464,726,014.5025,371,871.733,805,780.74
Deductible loss210,062,395.9133,983,990.34210,552,472.3833,948,090.76
Depreciation of fixed assets35,266,780.035,290,017.0038,958,013.645,843,702.05
Accrued liabilities18,892,687.042,898,991.0817,991,357.402,698,703.61
Change in fair value of trading financial liabilities813,723.89122,058.58331,319.4549,697.92
Estimated cost59,374,439.0710,238,500.8676,653,774.2212,908,097.81
Lease liabilities and others67,407,300.6713,008,523.2082,428,921.0515,368,236.16
Total880,241,550.91140,479,625.48907,863,424.01144,164,584.33
  • (2) Deferred Income Tax Liabilities before Offsetting

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Taxable temporary differenceDeferred income tax liabilitiesTaxable temporary differenceDeferred income tax liabilities
Assets assessment appreciation from business consolidation not under the same control133,121,862.6220,083,844.55140,027,029.4721,134,372.57
Changes in fair value of other equity investments232,951,050.6234,942,657.60262,203,893.2639,330,583.99
Changes in the fair value of trading financial assets747,911.34112,186.701,369,911.68205,486.75
One-off depreciation of fixed assets554,207,584.3383,131,137.66564,657,876.6584,698,681.50
Right-of-use assets and others21,475,249.184,214,160.1424,465,203.894,827,490.65
Total942,503,658.09142,483,986.65992,723,914.95150,196,615.46
  • (3) Deferred Income Tax Assets or Liabilities Presented on a Net Basis after Offsetting

Unit: RMB

ItemOffsetting amount between deferred income tax assets and liabilities as at the end of the periodNet deferred income tax assets or liabilities as at the end of the period after offsettingOffsetting amount between deferred income tax assets and liabilities as at the beginning of the periodNet deferred tax assets or liabilities as at the beginning of the period after offsetting
Deferred income tax assets140,479,625.48144,164,584.33
Deferred income tax liabilities142,483,986.65150,196,615.46
  • (4) List of Unrecognized Deferred Income Tax Assets None.
  • (5) Deductible Losses of Unrecognized Deferred Income Tax Assets will Expire in the Following Years None.
  • 30. Other Non-current Assets

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountImpairment provisionCarrying amountGross amountImpairment provisionCarrying amount
Contract assets467,940.84102,761.63365,179.21501,901.9375,862.82426,039.11
Long-term assets to be disposed (note)198,202,153.88198,202,153.88198,202,153.88198,202,153. 88
Advance payment for long-term assets acquisition6,992,221.251,635,100.005,357,121.25
Advance payment for equipment and project46,499,860.0646,499,860.0699,361,501.4799,361,501.4 7
Others635,084.18635,084.184,367,681.404,367,681.40
Total245,805,038.96102,761.63245,702,277.33309,425,459.931,710,962.82307,714,497. 11

Note: The long-term assets expected to be disposed of mainly include the land use rights of the plot at No. 64, Fenjiang North Road, which is to be transferred and disposed of, as well as the disposal costs of the plot.

  • 31. Assets with Restricted Ownership or Right of Use

Unit: RMB

ItemPeriod-endPeriod-beginning
Gross amountCarrying amountType of restrictionRestrictionGross amountCarrying amountType of restrictionRestriction
Monetary478,677,24 9.14478,677,24 9.14Restricted useNote deposits,631,081,78 2.33631,081,78 2.33Restricted useNote deposits,
assetsbond deposits, etc.bond deposits, pre-sale of properties, etc.
Notes receivable572,757,44 9.03572,757,44 9.03Pledged, endorsed or discounted but not maturedPledge of note pool, notes receivable endorsed or discounted but not matured540,078,29 4.10540,078,29 4.10Pledged, endorsed or discounted but not maturedPledge of note pool, notes receivable endorsed or discounted but not matured
Fixed assets348,161,01 6.79198,008,08 4.57MortgagedRelated party mortgage guarantees348,161,01 6.79198,427,84 1.71MortgagedRelated party mortgage guarantees
Intangible assets15,551,408. 0010,030,658. 70MortgagedRelated party mortgage guarantees15,551,408. 0010,030,658. 70MortgagedRelated party mortgage guarantees
Accounts receivable financing26,500,000. 0026,500,000. 00PledgedPledge of note pool7,000,000.0 07,000,000.0 0PledgedPledge of note pool
Accounts receivable1,050,000.0 0945,000.00PledgedAccounts receivable transferred but not yet due1,050,000.0 0945,000.00PledgedAccounts receivable transferred but not yet due
Other current assets6,658,273.0 06,658,273.0 0FrozenFrozen funds
Other noncurrent assets3,528,951.2 33,528,951.2 3FrozenFrozen funds
Total1,442,697,1 22.961,286,918,4 41.441,553,109,7 25.451,397,750,8 01.07
  • 32. Short-term Borrowings
  • (1) Breakdown of Short-term Borrowings

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Mortgage loans8,000,000.008,000,000.00
Credit loans573,589,947.26625,462,091.12
Acceptance bill discount1,542,591.80
Interest from short-term borrowings10,391.94
Total581,589,947.26635,015,074.86

Notes to classification of short-term borrowings:

  • 1. As at June 30, 2026, the carrying amount of fixed assets pledged as collateral for secured short-term

borrowings was RMB4,214,254.95.

  • 2. The short-term borrowings as at the end of the Reporting Period included credit loans arising from

supplier financing arrangements. For details, please refer to “Note VII-79 -(7) Notes on Other Significant Activities – Supplier Financing Arrangements”.

  • (2) Overdue Short-term Borrowings None.
  • 33. Trading Financial Liabilities

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Trading financial liabilities441,690.00
Of which:
Others441,690.00
Total441,690.00
  • 34. Derivative Financial Liabilities None.
  • 35. Notes Payable

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Bank acceptance bill1,899,804,727.582,165,892,938.76
Letter of credit94,665,436.1213,177,505.65
Total1,994,470,163.702,179,070,444.41

The total amount of notes payable that are due but unpaid amounted to RMB0.00 as at the end of the period.

  • 36. Accounts Payable

(1) List of Accounts Payable

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Accounts payable2,310,647,251.692,443,871,780.95
Total2,310,647,251.692,443,871,780.95

(2) Significant Accounts Payable Aged over One Year or Overdue

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceUnpaid/Un-carry-over reason
Unit A47,896,016.06It has not reached the settlement period
Total47,896,016.06
  • 37. Other Payables

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Dividends payable17,174,211.40
Other payables317,547,164.24372,152,039.73
Total334,721,375.64372,152,039.73
  • (1) Interest Payable None.
  • (2) Dividends Payable

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Dividends on ordinary shares15,183,661.90
Others1,990,549.50
Total17,174,211.40
  • (3) Other Payables
  • 1) Other Payables Disclosed by Category of Nature

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Transactions122,359,361.77148,822,484.44
Relevant expense of sales60,152,112.7070,427,822.25
Performance bond83,535,841.3086,126,189.35
Payments for demolition2,071,772.00
Others51,499,848.4764,703,771.69
Total317,547,164.24372,152,039.73
  • 2) Significant Other Payable Aged over One Year or Overdue

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceUnpaid/Un-carry-over reason
Unit A55,046,577.48It has not reached the settlement period
Unit B34,923,374.73It has not reached the settlement period
Total89,969,952.21
  • 38. Advances from Customer
  • (1) List of Advances from Customers

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Advances from customers303,123.79328,004.34
Total303,123.79328,004.34
  • (2) Significant Advances from Customers Aged over One Year or Overdue None.
  • 39. Contract Liabilities

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Advances on sales101,215,408.89140,787,246.73
Total101,215,408.89140,787,246.73
  • 40. Employee Benefits Payable
  • (1) List of Employee Benefits Payable

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
I. Short-term salary162,586,689.64671,052,056.41688,347,300.95145,291,445.10
II. Post-employment benefit-defined contribution plans1,745,557.0073,377,065.0873,730,733.121,391,888.96
III. Termination benefits2,916,749.003,440,187.953,808,218.622,548,718.33
Total167,248,995.64747,869,309.44765,886,252.69149,232,052.39
  • (2) List of Short-term Salary

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
1. Salary, bonus, allowance, subsidy159,250,394.80577,911,950.09596,652,764.33140,509,580.56
2. Employee welfare38,090.7730,758,105.0530,652,248.80143,947.02
3. Social insurance690,512.8931,975,794.0932,131,124.37535,182.61
Of which: Medical insurance premiums588,449.9328,911,417.4129,053,556.97446,310.37
Work-related injury insurance102,062.963,064,376.683,077,567.4088,872.24
4. Housing fund580,198.7123,313,172.1223,265,169.12628,201.71
5. Labor union budget and employee education budget2,027,492.475,449,228.975,645,994.331,830,727.11
6. Other short-term salary1,643,806.091,643,806.09
Total162,586,689.64671,052,056.41688,347,300.95145,291,445.10
  • (3) List of Defined Contribution Plans

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
1. Basic pension1,172,311.2967,351,629.5167,717,282.22806,658.58
benefits
2. Unemployment insurance39,575.662,972,604.272,990,078.7322,101.20
3. Annuity533,670.053,052,831.303,023,372.17563,129.18
Total1,745,557.0073,377,065.0873,730,733.121,391,888.96

Other notes

The Company participates in the scheme of pension insurance and unemployment insurance established by government agencies as required. According to the scheme, fees are paid to it on a monthly basis and at the rate of stipulated by government agencies. In addition to the above monthly deposit fees, the Company no longer assumes further payment obligations. Corresponding expenses are recorded into the current profits or losses or the cost of related assets when incurred.

  • 41. Taxes Payable

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
VAT25,537,183.7427,647,834.28
Corporate income tax11,927,251.2352,061,425.04
Personal income tax1,527,899.443,516,287.76
Urban maintenance and construction tax2,182,624.391,761,355.03
Property tax9,578,752.332,562,362.23
Land use tax2,340,233.14318,266.40
Education surcharge1,068,544.79754,321.85
Local education surcharge579,923.48497,930.79
Stamp tax1,849,026.252,024,051.39
Others20,208.0437,716.36
Total56,611,646.8391,181,551.13
  • 42. Liabilities Held for sale None.
  • 43. Current Portion of Non-current Liabilities

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Current portion of long-term borrowings94,288,179.59120,586,240.76
Current portion of lease liabilities9,705,601.3710,710,023.24
Total103,993,780.96131,296,264.00
  • 44. Other Current Liabilities

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Output VAT to be carried forward7,500,443.798,449,283.63
Reversed notes that are endorsed and153,549,264.9971,787,013.90
undue
Cloud Credit endorsed but not yet terminated recognition1,050,000.001,050,000.00
Total162,099,708.7881,286,297.53
  • 45. Long-term Borrowings

(1) Breakdown of Long-term Borrowings

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Mortgage loans19,630,729.8720,935,917.42
Credit borrowings254,078,398.99292,565,399.12
Less: Current portion of long-term borrowings94,288,179.59120,586,240.76
Total179,420,949.27192,915,075.78
  • 46. Bonds Payable None.
  • 47. Lease Liabilities

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Lease liabilities22,383,380.0628,245,829.94
Less: Unrecognized financing expenses1,642,359.292,181,082.68
Less: Current portion of lease liabilities9,705,601.3710,710,023.24
Total11,035,419.4015,354,724.02

Other notes: The maturity analysis of lease liabilities based on the undiscounted remaining contractual obligations is as follows:

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Within 1 year9,930,321.8811,428,580.01
1-2 years4,394,357.799,295,051.12
3-5 years5,459,236.255,261,795.21
Over 5 years2,599,464.142,260,403.60
Total22,383,380.0628,245,829.94
  • 48. Long-term Payables None.
  • 49. Long-term Employee Benefits Payable None.
  • 50. Provisions

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balanceCause
Product quality assurance18,892,687.0417,991,357.40Provision for product quality assurance expenses
Total18,892,687.0417,991,357.40
51. Deferred Income

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balanceCause
Government grants116,931,745.078,591,585.5715,899,632.66109,623,697.98Government allocations
Total116,931,745.078,591,585.5715,899,632.66109,623,697.98

Other notes:

ItemOpening balanceAmount added during the periodAmount recognized in non-operating income during the periodAmount recognized in other income during the periodAmount offset against costs and expenses during the periodOther changesClosing balanceRelated to assets/related to income
Government grants related to assets107,447,502.3 77,011,300.0011,405,401.54103,053,400.8 3
Of which:
Small-pitch LED Packaging Technology Innovation for Display and Key Packaging Equipment Technology Transformatio n Project15,892,791.48933,696.001,653,040.7415,173,446.74Related to assets
Geely Industrial Park LED Ultra-High Definition Display Technology Transformatio n Project14,786,666.75778,050.0014,008,616.75Related to assets
(Phase I)
The First Batch of Ultra-longterm Special Government Bond Project Subsidies for 202514,351,999.99736,000.0213,615,999.97Related to assets
Technology Renovation Project for the Production Line of Micro and Flip-chip LED Chips12,361,299.101,003,900.2011,357,398.90Related to assets
Government Subsidy for Annual Fixed Asset Investment in Advanced Manufacturin g and Oil & Gas Extraction Projects8,232,962.47222,512.528,010,449.95Related to assets
The Second Batch of Ultra-longterm Special Government Bond Project Subsidies for 20244,637,500.00262,500.004,375,000.00Related to assets
Small-pitch and Outdoor LED Display Device Expansion Project and Technical Transformatio n Project5,939,394.081,990,475.523,948,918.56Related to assets
Technological Transformatio n Project for High Color Rendering Index (CRI) LED Packaging Technology Innovation and Key Packaging Equipment for Lighting Applications4,481,838.37785,363.703,696,474.67Related to assets
Intelligent Technology Reform Project of LED Packaging Workshop in Geely Industrial Park (Phase I)2,703,806.75986,304.00128,006.223,562,104.53Related to assets
2025 Autonomous Region Special Fund for Coordinated Support of Industrial Revitalization3,500,000.00175,000.023,324,999.98Related to assets
Hainan DeepSea Technology Innovation Centre Special Project for Deep-Sea Technology Industry2,488,755.881,200,000.00501,132.143,187,623.74Related to assets
Promotion (Industrial Development Category) – Construction and Commercial Operation of Deep-Sea Lighting Product Production Lines
Equipment Subsidies for the Gaozhou Production Base Construction Project2,347,483.35311,300.00137,175.942,521,607.41Related to assets
2023 Automotive Lamp Production Digitalization Workshop Technology Improvement Project1,883,000.00123,000.001,760,000.00Related to assets
The First Batch of 2022 Special Funds for Industrial Technological Transformatio n by the Finance Bureau of Liang Jiang New Area1,536,000.00128,000.001,408,000.00Related to assets
Research on Packaging Technologies for Third-1,536,408.05167,493.661,368,914.39Related to assets
Generation Semiconducto r Power Devices and Modules
The Second Batch of Support Funds for the “Technologic al Transformatio n of Thousands of Enterprises” in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for 20211,166,666.50100,000.021,066,666.48Related to assets
The 2019 Second Batch of Special Funds of RMB3 million for the Industrial and Information Development of the City900,000.00150,000.00750,000.00Related to assets
Research and Development and Industrializati on Project of Gallium Nitride-based RF Devices in the Field of Next Generation Mobile Communicati630,189.5456,798.76573,390.78Related to assets
on
The Project of the First Batch of Support Funds for Enterprises in Liuzhou City for 2017 for Liuzhou Guige600,000.0075,000.00525,000.00Related to assets
The Project of Resource Conservation and Environmenta l Protection737,234.24343,999.98393,234.26Related to assets
The First Batch of Special Funds for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in 2022420,000.0035,000.00385,000.00Related to assets
The 2019 14th Batch of Industrial Support Funds of RMB1.5 million450,000.0075,000.00375,000.00Related to assets
The First Batch of Special Funds for the Industrial and Information Development for the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for 2017566,667.01199,999.98366,667.03Related to assets
(Technologica l Transformatio n) for Liuzhou Guige
2021 Automotive Industry Enterprise Intelligent Transformatio n and Upgrading Project Funding351,333.1434,000.02317,333.12Related to assets
Others8,445,505.6780,000.001,543,952.106,981,553.57Related to assets
Government grants related to income:9,484,242.701,580,285.574,494,231.126,570,297.15
Of which:
Research Project on Key Technologies of the Third Generation of High Efficiency and Frequency Semiconducto r Electronic Power Module1,572,531.1033,235.861,539,295.24Related to income
Research on Key Technologies for 4K/8K Ultra High Definition Full Color Micro LED1,301,347.2085,305.601,216,041.60Related to income
Displays
Research on Key Technologies and Systematic Application of High Voltage GaN Power Devices on Sapphire Substrates1,200,000.001,200,000.00Related to income
MDL Project840,000.00840,000.00Related to income
Research on Full Color Integrated Packaging of High Brightness, High Contrast Micro-LED Display Devices870,176.6759,918.46810,258.21Related to income
Others4,900,187.73380,285.574,315,771.20964,702.10Related to income
Total116,931,745.0 78,591,585.5715,899,632.66109,623,697.9 8
52. Other Non-current Liabilities

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Output VAT to be transferred107,831.23107,831.23
Total107,831.23107,831.23
53. Share Capital

Unit: RMB

Opening balanceIncrease/decrease (+/-)Closing balance
New shares issuedBonus sharesBonus issue from profitOthersSubtotal
The sum of shares1,535,778,23 0.001,535,778,23 0.00

Other notes:

Item/InvestorOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
Invested amountProportionInvested amountProportion
Restricted shares10,537,802.000.69%13,500.0038,385.0010,512,917.000.68%
Unrestricted shares1,525,240,428.0099.31%38,385.0013,500.001,525,265,313.0099.32%
Total1,535,778,230.00100.00%51,885.0051,885.001,535,778,230.00100.00%
  • 54. Other Equity Instruments None.
  • 55. Capital Reserves

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
Capital premium (premium on stock)836,271,984.36112,699.07836,159,285.29
Other capital reserves7,245,971.547,711.327,253,682.86
Total843,517,955.907,711.32112,699.07843,412,968.15

Other notes, including changes and reason of change:

  • (1) Capital premium (premium on stock) decreased by RMB112,699.07 in the period, which was due to the

implementation of the employee share ownership plan by the subsidiary Liaowang Auto Lamp.

  • (2) Other capital reserves increased by RMB7,711.32 , which was due to the transfer of 49% of the

subscribed equity in its wholly-owned subsidiary Gaozhou NationStar by the subsidiary NationStar Optoelectronics.

  • 56. Treasury Shares None.
  • 57. Other Comprehensive Income

Unit: RMB

During the period
Less:Less:
ItemOpening balanceIncome before taxation in the periodRecorded in other comprehen sive income in prior period andRecorded in other comprehen sive income in prior period andLess: Income tax expenseAttributabl e to owners of the parent company after taxAttributabl e to noncontrolling interests after taxClosing balance
transferredtransferred
to profit orto retained
loss in the periodearnings in the period
I. Other comprehen sive income that may not subsequentl y be reclassified to profit or loss227,845,80 9.2729,252,842. 654,387,926.3 924,864,916. 26202,980,89 3.01
Chang es in fair value of other equity instrument investment227,845,80 9.2729,252,842. 654,387,926.3 924,864,916. 26202,980,89 3.01
II. Other comprehen sive income that may subsequentl y be reclassified to profit or loss698,417.965,900,794.9 04,646,746.4 51,254,048.4 55,345,164.4 1
Differ<br><br>ences arising from translation of foreign currencydenominate d financial statements698,417.965,900,794.9 04,646,746.4 51,254,048.4 55,345,164.4 1
Total of other comprehen sive income227,147,39 1.3135,153,637. 554,387,926.3 929,511,662. 711,254,048.4 5197,635,72 8.60

Other notes, including the adjustment of the effective portion of gains or losses on cash flow hedges to the initial recognition amount of the hedged item:

None.

58. Specific Reserve

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during theDecrease during theClosing balance
periodperiod
Safety production costs3,436,494.078,428,975.846,730,370.715,135,099.20
Total3,436,494.078,428,975.846,730,370.715,135,099.20

Other notes, including changes and reason of change:

The increase in the current year represents the safety production expenses accrued in accordance with the proportion stipulated in the Notice on Issuing the Management Measures for the Provision and Use of Enterprise Production Safety Costs (C.Z. [2022] No. 136), and the decrease in the current year represents the actual safety production expenses incurred.

59. Surplus Reserves

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
Statutory surplus reserves147,677,862.46147,677,862.46
Discretionary surplus reserves41,680,270.9641,680,270.96
Total189,358,133.42189,358,133.42
60. Retained Earnings

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Opening balance of retained earnings before adjustments4,035,582,297.143,655,046,154.57
Opening balance of retained earnings after adjustments4,035,582,297.143,655,046,154.57
Add: Net profit attributable to owners of the parent company41,705,640.38214,845,871.24
Less: Appropriation for statutory surplus reserves336,183.51
Dividends on ordinary shares payable76,788,911.50184,293,387.60
Add: Others (note)350,319,842.44
Closing retained earnings4,000,499,026.024,035,582,297.14

Note: The amount reclassified from other comprehensive income to retained earnings during the prior period was RMB350,319,842.44.. Details of the adjustments of opening retained earnings:

  • 1) RMB0.00 opening retained earnings was affected by retrospective adjustment conducted according to the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and relevant new regulations.
  • 2) RMB0.00 opening retained earnings were affected by changes in accounting policies.
  • 3) RMB0.00 opening retained earnings was affected by correction of significant accounting errors.
  • 4) RMB0.00 opening retained earnings was affected by changes in combination scope arising from same control.
  • (5) RMB0.00 opening retained earnings was affected totally by other adjustments. Detailed explanation of the use of capital reserves to offset losses: None
61. Operating Revenue and Cost of Sales

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Operating revenueCost of salesOperating revenueCost of sales
Main operations3,888,448,715.593,227,889,021.244,185,528,329.953,379,096,211.37
Other operations206,656,054.84171,197,448.48200,202,789.83186,224,345.31
Total4,095,104,770.433,399,086,469.724,385,731,119.783,565,320,556.68

Breakdown information of operating income and operating cost:

Unit: RMB

Category of contractsTotal
Operating revenueCost of sales
Business Type
Of which:
General lighting products1,611,053,710.351,228,774,397.13
LED packaging and component products949,448,488.62811,230,046.56
Vehicle lamp products944,978,608.80831,545,579.16
Trade and other products589,623,962.66527,536,446.87
Classification by operating region
Of which:
Domestic3,271,574,278.552,669,800,047.18
Overseas823,530,491.88729,286,422.54

Information in relation to the transaction price apportioned to the residual contract performance obligation:

The amount of revenue corresponding to performance obligations of contracts signed but not performed or not fully performed yet was RMB171,139,779.91 as at the end of the period.

62. Taxes and Surtaxes

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Urban maintenance and construction tax8,694,901.369,073,146.40
Education surcharge3,727,050.474,078,286.18
Property tax14,579,017.1312,564,073.03
Land use tax3,080,756.632,949,828.19
Vehicle and vessel use tax5,827.209,346.88
Stamp duty4,251,106.243,884,049.49
Environmental protection tax49,584.3833,538.16
Local education surcharge2,484,700.342,594,481.89
Others5,019.158,691.96
Total36,877,962.9035,195,442.18
63. Administrative Expense

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Employee benefits128,408,081.89131,837,173.33
Depreciation charge53,170,746.8745,950,398.92
Office expenses11,514,130.9713,106,605.91
Engineering decoration cost3,446,148.333,561,866.59
Amortization of intangible assets5,907,423.055,039,291.89
Utilities3,545,670.563,483,871.72
Labor cost1,422,004.432,184,951.46
Intermediary agency fee6,284,856.143,523,533.02
Rental and management fees3,462,636.003,044,193.90
Others11,313,753.8112,269,692.81
Total228,475,452.05224,001,579.55
64. Selling Expense

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Employee benefits84,709,096.7176,018,915.08
Business propagandize fees and advertising fees51,092,765.4059,495,362.31
Sales promotion fees16,045,498.7911,457,954.80
Business travel charges7,448,898.705,779,947.18
Office expenses4,497,959.646,887,070.56
Commercial insurance premium1,891,211.622,471,904.93
Others17,589,358.1620,780,917.17
Total183,274,789.02182,892,072.03
65. Development Costs

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Personnel labor costs138,768,345.71145,282,615.31
Direct input costs68,114,635.7781,124,028.88
Depreciation and long-term prepaid expense22,370,199.4925,237,404.37
Commissioned external research and development costs1,124,346.943,418,767.96
Design fee267,452.8212,264.15
Amortization expense of intangible assets11,107.5120,760.96
Others13,739,689.8512,573,757.90
Total244,395,778.09267,669,599.53

Other notes

In respect of R&D expense incurred by the Company, expense other than that on bench-scale and pilotscale production is included in R&D expense; and sales revenue of products from bench-scale and pilot-scale production is included in core business revenue and the relevant costs are included in cost of sales of core business.

66. Finance Costs

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Interest expense11,351,786.448,116,483.14
Less: Interest income18,626,457.6720,148,088.69
Foreign exchange gains or losses23,264,629.16-2,889,508.01
Handling charge and others-1,419,264.79-2,196,542.61
Total14,570,693.14-17,117,656.17
67. Other Income

Unit: RMB

SourcesH1 2026H1 2025
The Deductible Input Tax for Advanced Manufacturing Enterprises15,740,556.4719,970,901.49
Technological Transformation Project for Production Capacity Expansion of Fine-Pitch and Outdoor LED Display Components4,045,503.474,561,671.74
VAT refunded as soon as it is levied3,324,457.083,514,199.48
MOM Software R&D Project for Manufacturing Operations Management in NationStar Optoelectronics’ Manufacturing Scenarios2,706,679.371,420,000.00
Reward under the 2025 Several Measures for Promoting Stable Growth of the Industrial Economy1,270,000.00
Phase II Indirect Coupled Multi-Physics Field Simulation Software Development Project for NationStar Optoelectronics Component Scenarios1,142,186.69
Technology Renovation Project for the Production Line of Micro and Flip-chip LED Chips1,003,900.20862,079.46
Long-Term Special Treasury Bond Project998,500.02262,500.00
Return of handling charges for withholding and remittance910,043.54581,015.09
Technological Transformation Project for High-Color-Rendering Index (CRI) LED Packaging Technology Innovation and Key Packaging Equipment for Lighting Applications785,363.70785,363.70
Geely Industrial Park LED Ultra-High Definition Display Technology778,050.00
Transformation Project (Phase I)
Hainan Deep-Sea Technology Innovation Centre Special Project for Deep-Sea Technology Industry Promotion (Industrial Development Category) – Construction and Commercial Operation of Deep-Sea Lighting Product Production Lines501,132.14159,660.04
Enterprise R&D Reward and Subsidy500,000.00403,326.00
Social insurance subsidies454,002.141,032,640.64
The Tax Incentives for the Poor440,250.00864,650.00
Research on Color Micro-LED Displays and Ultra-High-Brightness MicroDisplay Technologies356,769.785,769.78
Resource Conservation and Environmental Protection Project343,999.98343,999.98
Support Fund for the Orderly Industrial Relocation Project in the FoshanMaoming Cooperation Park329,946.01292,509.17
Equipment Subsidies for the Gaozhou Production Base Construction Project323,057.4422,407.54
CAE Software R&D Project for MultiPhysics Coupling Simulation of NationStar Optoelectronics’ LED Products1,206,700.00
National Manufacturing Single Champion Award1,200,000.00
The “Strong Start” Economic Initiative for Q1 by Nanning New and High-tech Industrial Development Zone1,010,000.00
MOM Prototype Software R&D Project for Manufacturing Operations Management in NationStar Optoelectronics’ Manufacturing Scenarios933,200.00
Autonomous Region New Industrialization Funds430,000.00
Others4,236,881.975,382,538.34
Total40,191,280.0045,245,132.45
  • 68. Net Gain on Exposure Hedges None.
  • 69. Gain on Changes in Fair Value

Unit: RMB

SourcesH1 2026H1 2025
Trading financial assets-662,714.78345,894.65
Trading financial liabilities-1,130,190.00
Total-1,792,904.78345,894.65
70. Investment Income

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Income from long-term equity investments accounted for using the equity method691,170.38646,719.77
Investment income from disposal of trading financial assets681,970.00420,703.90
Dividend income from other equity investments during the holding period6,524,382.459,727,720.67
Interest income from other debt investments during the holding period14,490,265.2115,294,849.67
Gains on debt restructuring2,612,485.05
Income from wealth management investments and structured deposits3,114,361.541,357,081.83
Total28,114,634.6327,447,075.84
71. Credit Impairment Loss

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Bad debt loss on notes receivable-169,057.07-1,082,149.07
Bad debt loss on accounts receivable-4,489,931.43-10,120,936.33
Bad debt loss on other receivables734,460.86-898,410.29
Total-3,924,527.64-12,101,495.69
72. Asset Impairment Loss

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
I. Loss on impairments of inventories and contract performance costs-40,759,416.24-22,345,101.18
XI. Loss on impairment of contract assets874,446.23550,205.94
XII. Others-629,976.09
Total-39,884,970.01-22,424,871.33
73. Assets Disposal Income

Unit: RMB

SourcesH1 2026H1 2025
Gains or losses arising from the disposal of non-current assets classified as held for sale2,000,000.00
Gains or losses arising from the disposal of non-current assets not classified as held for sale743,111.71-64,693.00
Total2,743,111.71-64,693.00
  • 74. Non-operating Income

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025Amount recorded in the current non-recurring profit or loss
Income from default money10,026,722.15202,108.2710,026,722.15
Income from scrap of noncurrent assets353,556.4519,461.06353,556.45
Of which: income from scrap of fixed assets353,556.4519,461.06353,556.45
Confiscated income32,100.00
Others298,218.111,859,646.02298,218.11
Total10,678,496.712,113,315.3510,678,496.71
  • 75. Non-operating Expense

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025Amount recorded in the current non-recurring profit or loss
Donations30,000.00
Losses on disposal of noncurrent assets255,162.272,371.68255,162.27
Of which: losses on disposal of fixed assets255,162.272,371.68255,162.27
Penalty and delaying payment682,128.94795,772.15682,128.94
Others766,454.461,259,051.77766,454.46
Total1,703,745.672,087,195.601,703,745.67
  • 76. Income Tax Expense
  • (1) List of Income Tax Expense

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Current income tax expense15,862,621.2626,724,735.72
Deferred income tax expense357,800.28-8,405,922.80
Total16,220,421.5418,318,812.92
  • (2) Reconciliation between Accounting Profit and Income Tax Expense

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026
Profit before taxation22,845,000.46
Current income tax expense accounted at statutory/applicable tax rate3,426,750.07
Influence of applying different tax rates by subsidiaries1,582,734.31
Influence of income tax before adjustment4,093,067.68
Influence of non-taxable income-1,050,091.05
Influence of non-deductible costs, expenses and losses431,246.17
The effect of using deductible losses of deferred income tax assets that have not been recognized in the previous period-160,102.41
Influence of unrecognized deductible temporary differences and deductible losses19,353,730.11
Effect of the weighted pre-tax deduction of R&D expenses-11,456,913.34
Income tax expense16,220,421.54
  • 77. Other Comprehensive Income See Note VII-57. Other Comprehensive Income.
  • 78. Cash Flow Statement
  • (1) Cash Related to Operating Activities Cash Generated from Other Operating Activities

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Margin received5,956,462.5111,435,215.76
Deposit interest20,462,773.3416,644,598.41
Income from subsidy13,408,655.4337,237,015.27
Income from waste15,263,137.929,810,965.91
Rental income from property and equipment, utility4,063,485.682,207,358.66
Income from insurance compensation155,391.15
Others19,516,532.0521,134,864.94
Total78,826,438.0898,470,018.95

Cash Used in Other Operating Activities

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Administrative expense and R&D expense paid in cash58,858,730.8872,987,101.29
Selling expense paid in cash73,727,669.5449,217,298.77
Finance costs paid in cash1,575,425.806,712,280.00
Cash deposit paid5,531,304.6113,458,767.82
Others43,444,292.1272,633,074.40
Total183,137,422.95215,008,522.28
  • (2) Cash Related to Investing Activities Cash Generated from Other Investing Activities

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Net cash paid for acquisition of subsidiaries, reclassified22,826,907.16
Proceeds from foreign exchange settlement215,850.00
Total23,042,757.16

Cash Used in Other Investing Activities

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Gain or loss on settlement of foreign exchange margin76,800.00
Total76,800.00
(3) Cash Related to Financing Activities Cash Generated from Other Financing Activities

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Release of margin for bank acceptance bills136,496,357.6435,675,972.28
Release of foreign exchange margin16,927,533.26
Total153,423,890.9035,675,972.28

Cash Used in Other Financing Activities

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Lease expenses and financing intermediary fees, etc.2,774,547.171,090,901.93
Cash paid as security deposit for bank acceptance bills14,576,319.88
Others816,798.83
Total2,774,547.1716,484,020.64

Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemOpening balanceIncrease during the periodDecrease during the periodClosing balance
CashNon-cashCashNon-cash
Short-term borrowings635,015,074.86161,321,212.00312,039,086.93387,391,605.88139,393,820.65581,589,947.26
Long-term borrowings192,915,075.7832,690,237.422,562,183.1321,957,812.2826,788,734.78179,420,949.27
Current portion of non-current liabilities131,296,264.0061,177,368.8253,055,000.0035,424,851.86103,993,780.96
Lease liabilities15,354,724.0229,201,996.792,488,176.3931,033,125.0211,035,419.40
Total974,581,138.66194,011,449.42404,980,635.67464,892,594.55232,640,532.31876,040,096.89
(4) Description of Cash Flows Presented on a Net Basis None.
(5) Significant Activities and Financial Impact that Do Not Involve Current Cash Receipts and Disbursements but Affect the Company’s Financial Position or May Affect the Company’s Cash Flows in the Future

In H1 2026, the Company and its subsidiaries received RMB2,307,117,000 in various types of acceptance bills issued and endorsed by customers, and RMB1,739,840,400 in various types of acceptance bills endorsed and transferred to suppliers. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries received a total of RMB282,925,600 in payments for goods through bill discounting. Regarding material activities and financial effects of supplier financing arrangements that do not involve cash flows in the period but affect the Company’s financial position or may affect its future cash flows, please refer to “Note VII-79-(7) Notes on Other Significant Activities Supplier Financing Arrangements”.

  • 79. Supplemental Information for Cash Flow Statement
  • (1) Supplemental Information for Cash Flow Statement

Unit: RMB

Supplemental informationH1 2026H1 2025
1. Reconciliation of net profit to net cash flows generated from operating activities:
Net profit6,624,578.92147,923,875.73
Add: Provision for impairment of assets43,809,497.6534,526,367.02
Depreciation of fixed assets, oil-gas assets, and productive living assets273,728,278.86271,632,208.57
Depreciation of right-of-use assets6,183,253.735,392,572.34
Amortization of intangible assets15,499,496.3412,719,631.55
Amortization of long-term prepaid expenses47,743,209.8447,987,420.82
Loss from disposal of fixed assets, intangible assets and other long-term assets (gains: negative)-2,743,111.7164,693.00
Losses from scrapping of fixed assets (gains: negative)-98,394.18-17,089.38
Losses from changes in fair value (gains: negative)1,792,904.78-345,894.65
Finance costs (gains: negative)35,818,435.103,163,870.70
Investment loss (gains: negative)-28,114,634.63-27,447,075.84
Decrease in deferred income tax assets (increase: negative)3,684,958.85-3,720,364.18
Increase in deferred income tax liabilities (“-” for decrease)-3,324,702.42-4,685,558.62
Decrease in inventory (“-” for increase)-218,337,453.67-21,335,937.11
Decrease in operating receivables (“-” for increase)-324,116,576.79-316,641,457.57
Increase in operating payables (“-” for decrease)22,948,753.75-140,077,259.25
Others1,698,605.13705,009.82
Net cash generated from/used in operating activities-117,202,900.459,845,012.95
2. Significant investing and financing activities without involvement of cash receipts and payments:
Transfer of debts into capital
Current portion of convertible corporate bonds
Fixed assets leased in for financing
3. Net increase/decrease of cash and cash equivalents:
Closing balance of cash1,910,692,503.882,545,828,784.72
Less: Opening balance of cash2,819,359,299.722,684,382,020.41
Add: Closing balance of cash equivalents
Less: Opening balance of cash equivalents
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents-908,666,795.84-138,553,235.69
  • (2) Net Cash Paid For Acquisition of Subsidiaries None.
  • (3) Net Cash Received from Disposal of the Subsidiaries None.
  • (4) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
I. Cash1,910,692,503.882,819,359,299.72
Including: Cash on hand25,517.8533,030.81
Bank deposit on demand1,903,607,061.742,802,250,069.46
Other monetary assets on demand7,059,924.2917,076,199.45
III. Closing balance of cash and cash equivalents1,910,692,503.882,819,359,299.72
  • (5) Items That Were Restricted in Use But still Presented as Cash and Cash Equivalents None.
  • (6) Monetary Assets Not Classified as Cash and Cash Equivalents

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025Reason for not classifying the item as cash and cash equivalents
Note deposits, bond deposits, presale of properties, etc.478,677,249.14524,122,497.12Specific purpose
Interest not received4,099,989.6214,468,117.34Interest receivable accrued on bank deposits and time deposits not yet matured as at the end of the Reporting Period
Total482,777,238.76538,590,614.46
  • (7) Notes on Other Significant Activities Supplier financing arrangements
  • 1) Terms and conditions of the supplier financing arrangements
  • Through the supply chain finance service platforms provided by China Everbright Bank Co., Ltd., China Merchants Bank Co., Ltd. and China CITIC Bank Corporation Limited, the Company undertakes reverse factoring arrangements under which suppliers transfer their accounts receivable from the Company to the supply chain finance service platforms. Based on the verified information of the accounts receivable, the supply chain finance service platforms provide financing to the suppliers. The Company makes payments to the supply chain finance service platforms on the agreed payment date, which is generally the 11th month after the disbursement date. The Company’s obligation to make payments is unconditional and irrevocable and is not affected by any disputes between the suppliers and the financing providers.
  • 2) Presentation line items and gross amounts in the balance sheet of financial liabilities that are part of supplier financing arrangements, and payments already received by suppliers from the financing providers
ItemJune 30, 2026December 31, 2025
Short-term borrowings310,823,972.00414,007,606.03
Of which: Payments already received by suppliers310,823,972.00414,007,606.03
  • 3) Range of maturity dates of financial liabilities that are part of supplier financing arrangements
ItemJune 30, 2026
Financial liabilities that are part of supplier financing arrangementsWithin 30 to 60 days from the date of invoice
Comparable accounts payable not part of supplier financing arrangementsAs agreed in the contract
  • 4) Types and effects of non-cash changes in the period for financial liabilities that are part of supplier financing arrangements

In H1 2026, the Company derecognized accounts payable and increased short-term borrowings by RMB175,257,497.06 as a result of supplier financing arrangements, representing a non-cash change.

  • 80. Notes to Items of the Statements of Changes in Owners’ Equity Notes to the name of “Other” of closing balance at the end of the previous year adjusted and the amount adjusted:

None.

  • 81. Foreign Currency Monetary Items
(1) Foreign Currency Monetary Items

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balance in foreign currencyExchange rateClosing balance in RMB
Monetary assets392,516,157.82
Of which: USD53,156,861.956.8109362,046,071.06
EUR645,898.067.76715,016,754.82
HKD51,820.790.8685545,008.95
IDR61,291,328,237.060.00038123,351,996.06
THB10,067,982.300.2042441942,056,326.93
Accounts receivable267,864,572.77
Of which: USD38,947,452.046.8109265,267,201.10
EUR228,718.237.76711,776,477.36
HKD101,255.390.8685587,945.37
IDR1,923,750,504.520.000381732,948.94
Long-term borrowings
Of which: USD
EUR
HKD
Other receivables656,027.71
Of which: USD994.206.81096,771.40
IDR417,507,201.350.000381159,070.24
THB2,400,000.000.204244194490,186.07
Accounts payable11,057,225.85
Of which: USD1,078,368.056.81097,344,656.95
EUR223,005.467.76711,732,105.71
IDR5,198,066,103.690.0003811,980,463.19
Other current assets28,887.08
Of which: IDR75,819,101.760.00038128,887.08
Other payables720,874.78
Of which: IDR1,892,059,791.590.000381720,874.78
(2) The Nature and Financial Impacts of the Lack of Exchangeability, the Spot Exchange Rate Used and Its Estimation Process, and the Risks to the Entity Arising from the Lack of Exchangeability

□ Applicable  Not applicable

(3) Notes to Overseas Entities Including: for Significant Oversea Entities, Main Operating Place, Functional Currency and Selection Basis Shall Be Disclosed; if there Are Changes in Functional Currency, Relevant Reasons Shall Be Disclosed.

□ Applicable  Not applicable

(4) The Lack of Exchangeability between the Functional Currency of an Overseas Entity and the Entity‘s Presentation Currency

□ Applicable  Not applicable

82. Leases
  • (1) The Company Was Lessee  Applicable □ Not applicable Variable lease payments not included in the measurement of lease liabilities

□ Applicable  Not applicable Simplified short-term lease or lease expense for low-value assets  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemAmount
Simplified short-term lease charges recognized in the cost of the related assets or in current profit or loss477,771.09
Low-value asset lease expenses accounted for using the simplified approach and recognized in the cost of related assets or profit or loss (excluding short-term lease expenses for low-value assets)217,214.79
Total cash outflows related to leases6,159,501.40

Involved in sale and leaseback transactions None.

  • (2) The Company Was Lessor Operating leases with the Company as lessor  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemRental incomeOf which: income related to variable lease payments not included in lease receipts
Housing rental and others5,783,221.79
Total5,783,221.79

Finance leases with the Company as lessor

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Undiscounted lease receipts for each of the next five years
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Reconciliation of undiscounted lease receipts to net investment in leases

None.

  • (3) Gains or Losses on Sales Recognized under Finance Leases as a Producer or Distributor

□ Applicable  Not applicable

83. Data Resources None.
  • 84. Other information None.
  • VIII Research and Development Expenditure

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Personnel labor costs138,768,345.71145,282,615.31
Direct input costs68,114,635.7781,124,028.88
Depreciation and long-term prepaid expense22,370,199.4925,237,404.37
Commissioned external research and development costs1,124,346.943,418,767.96
Design fee267,452.8212,264.15
Amortization expense of intangible assets11,107.5120,760.96
Others13,739,689.8512,573,757.90
Total244,395,778.09267,669,599.53
Of which: Expensed research and development expenditure244,395,778.09267,669,599.53

Other notes:

In respect of R&D expense incurred by the Company, expense other than that on bench-scale and pilotscale production is included in R&D expense; and sales revenue of products from bench-scale and pilot-scale production is included in core business revenue and the relevant costs are included in cost of sales of core business.

  • IX. Change of Consolidation Scope None.
  • X Equity in Other Entities
  • 1. Equity in Subsidiary
  • (1) Subsidiaries

Unit: RMB

Name of subsidiariesRegistered capitalMain operating placeRegistration placeNature of businessShareholding percentage (%)Way of gaining
DirectlyIndirectly
Foshan Fozhao Zhicheng Technology Co., Ltd.50,000,000.00FoshanFoshanProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
FSL Chanchang Lighting Co., Ltd.72,782,944.00FoshanFoshanProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
Foshan Taimei Times Lamp Co., Ltd.500,000.00FoshanFoshanProduction and sales70.00%Newly established
Foshan Electrical & Lighting (Xinxiang) Co., Ltd.35,418,439.76XinxiangXinxiangProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
Nanjing Fozhao Lighting Components Manufacturing Co., Ltd.41,683,200.00NanjingNanjingProduction and sales100.00%Acquired
FSL Zhida Electric Technology Co., Ltd.38,150,000.00FoshanFoshanProduction and sales66.84%Newly established
Guangdong Fozhao Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.17,158,000.00FoshanFoshanProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
NationStar Optoelectronics (Germany) Co., Ltd.1,436,419.00GermanyGermanyTrade100.00%Business combination under the same control
FSL (Thailand) Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.44,169,465.35ThailandThailandProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.170,000,000.00FoshanFoshanProperty development100.00%Business combination under the same control
Fozhao (Hainan) Technology Co., Ltd.200,000,000.00HaikouHaikouProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
Zhejiang Hule Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.29,000,000.00JiaxingJiaxingProduction and sales66.00%Acquired
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.35,319,543.00NanningNanningManufacturing of vehicle lamps53.39%Acquired
Liuzhou Guige Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.30,000,000.00LiuzhouLiuzhouManufacturing of vehicle lamps53.39%Acquired
Liuzhou Guige Fuxuan Technology Co., Ltd.20,000,000.00LiuzhouLiuzhouManufacturing of automotive electronic products53.39%Acquired
Chongqing Guinuo Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.30,000,000.00ChongqingChongqingManufacturing of vehicle lamps53.39%Acquired
Qingdao Guige Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.30,000,000.00QingdaoQingdaoManufacturing of vehicle lamps53.39%Acquired
Indonesia Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.40,873,066.42IndonesiaIndonesiaManufacturing of vehicle lamps53.39%Acquired
Liaowang Auto Lamp (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.25,000,000.00SuzhouSuzhouManufacturing of vehicle lamps53.39%Newly established
Foshan Sigma Venture Capital Co., Ltd.50,000,000.00FoshanFoshanBusiness services100.00%Business combination under the same control
Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.618,477,169.00FoshanFoshanElectronic manufacturing21.48%Business combination under the same
control
Foshan NationStar Semiconductor Co., Ltd.820,000,000.00FoshanFoshanElectronic manufacturing21.48%Business combination under the same control
Foshan Guoxing Electronic Manufacture Co., Ltd.110,000,000.00FoshanFoshanElectronic manufacturing21.48%Business combination under the same control
Guangdong New Electronics Information Ltd.5,000,000.00GuangzhouGuangzhouTrade21.48%Business combination under the same control
Guangdong Fenghua Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd.200,000,000.00GuangzhouGuangzhouElectronic manufacturing21.45%Business combination under the same control
Gaozhou NationStar Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.30,000,000.00MaomingMaomingElectronic manufacturing10.95%Newly established
Fozhao Huaguang (Maoming) Technology Co., Ltd.22,920,000.00MaomingMaomingProduction and sales100.00%Newly established
Guangdong Airtrust Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd.50,000,000.00GuangzhouGuangzhouProduction and sales45.00%Acquired

Notes to holding proportion in subsidiary different from voting proportion:

None. Basis of holding half or less voting rights but still controlling the investee and holding more than half of the voting rights but not controlling the investee:

No.The investeeShareholding percentage at the end of the yearReasons for consolidation
1Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.21.48%In February 2022, FSL completed the acquisition of a 100% equity interest in Sigma (which held 79,753,050 shares of NationStar Optoelectronics) held by Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd., as well as an aggregate of 52,051,945 shares of NationStar Optoelectronics held by Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd. and Guangdong Rising Finance Holding Co., Ltd., by way of cash consideration. Upon completion of the restructuring, FSL and its wholly-owned subsidiary held an aggregate of 132,819,895 shares of NationStar Optoelectronics, representing 21.48% of the total share capital of NationStar
2Foshan NationStar Semiconductor Co., Ltd.21.48%
3Foshan Guoxing Electronic Manufacture Co., Ltd.21.48%
4Guangdong New Electronics Information Ltd.21.48%
5Guangdong Fenghua Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd.21.45%
6Gaozhou NationStar Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.10.95%
Optoelectronics, and FSL became the controlling shareholder of NationStar Optoelectronics. (i) FSL is the largest controlling shareholder of NationStar Optoelectronics in terms of shareholding percentage; (ii) FSL is able to determine the appointment of more than half of the members of the board of directors of NationStar Optoelectronics by virtue of the voting rights it actually exercises over the shares of the listed company; and (iii) the voting rights of FSL in respect of the shares of NationStar Optoelectronics that it may actually exercise are sufficient to have a material impact on the resolutions of the general meeting of NationStar Optoelectronics. Accordingly, FSL can actually control NationStar Optoelectronics.
7Guangdong Airtrust Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd.45.00%In April 2025, FSL obtained a 45% equity interest in Airtrust by way of capital increase, thereby becoming the controlling shareholder of Airtrust. (i) FSL is the largest controlling shareholder of Airtrust in terms of shareholding percentage; (ii) FSL is able to determine the appointment of more than half of the members of the board of directors of Airtrust by virtue of the voting rights it actually exercises over the shares of Airtrust; and (iii) the voting rights of FSL in respect of the shares of Airtrust that it may actually exercise are sufficient to have a material impact on the resolutions of the general meeting of Airtrust. Accordingly, FSL can actually control Airtrust.

Significant structural entities and controlling basis in the scope of combination: None. Basis of determining whether the Company is the agent or the principal: None. Other notes:

Guoxing Electronic Manufacture, NationStar Semiconductor, New Electronics, Fenghua Semiconductor and Gaozhou NationStar are subsidiaries of NationStar Optoelectronics.

(2) Significant Non-wholly-owned Subsidiary

Unit: RMB

NameShareholding proportion of noncontrolling interestsThe profit or loss attributable to the noncontrolling interestsDeclaring dividends distributed to noncontrolling interestsBalance of noncontrolling interests at the period-end
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.46.61%1,421,021.58500,277,851.99
Foshan NationStar78.52%-38,125,147.092,956,066,590.20
Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.

Holding proportion of non-controlling interests in subsidiary different from voting proportion: None.

  • (3) The Main Financial Information of Significant Not Wholly-owned Subsidiary

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balanceOpening balance
Curren t assetsNoncurrent assetsTotal assetsCurren t liabiliti esNoncurrent liabilit yTotal liabiliti esCurren t assetsNoncurrent assetsTotal assetsCurren t liabiliti esNoncurrent liabilit yTotal liabiliti es
Nanni ng Liaow ang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.1,716, 653,71 6.641,202, 859,76 8.292,919, 513,48 4.931,679, 254,41 1.83166,94 7,239. 541,846, 201,65 1.371,983, 061,18 2.571,142, 009,11 2.773,125, 070,29 5.341,880, 387,27 7.03179,49 4,886. 952,059, 882,16 3.98
Foshan Nation Star Optoel ectroni cs Co., Ltd.3,476, 218,51 8.112,215, 600,73 7.045,691, 819,25 5.151,705, 838,80 3.08227,52 0,878. 481,933, 359,68 1.563,767, 011,38 7.212,338, 430,00 1.996,105, 441,38 9.202,076, 906,06 6.03239,36 3,822. 252,316, 269,88 8.28

Unit: RMB

NameH1 2026H1 2025
Operating revenueNet profitTotal comprehen sive incomeCash flows from operating activitiesOperating revenueNet profitTotal comprehen sive incomeCash flows from operating activities
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.937,768,44 0.583,050,331.3 5356,164.28111,744,39 6.61914,845,76 3.0923,766,475. 7523,010,159. 2248,082,149. 88
Foshan NationStar Optoelectro nics Co., Ltd.1,347,995,2 68.4648,612,733. 7248,612,733. 72243,358,73 5.471,681,244,4 38.5124,571,004. 3824,571,004. 386,708,763.7 2
  • (4) Significant Restrictions on Using the Assets and Liquidating the Liabilities of the Company None.
  • (5) Financial Support or Other Supports Provided to Structural Entities Incorporated into the Scope of Consolidated Financial Statements

None.

  • 2. The Transaction of the Company with Its Owner’s Equity Share Changed but Still Controlling the Subsidiary
  • (1) Note to the Owner’s Equity Share Changed in Subsidiary
NameEquity interest before the changeEquity interest after the change
DirectIndirectDirectIndirect
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.53.79%53.39%
Gaozhou NationStar Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.21.48%10.95%
  • (2) The Transaction’s Influence on the Equity of Non-controlling Interests and the Owner’s Equity Attributable to the Parent Company

Unit: RMB

Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.Gaozhou NationStar Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.
Purchase cost/disposal consideration35,900.00
--Cash35,900.00
--Fair value of non-cash assets
Total purchase cost/disposal consideration35,900.00
Less: Share of net assets of subsidiaries based on percentage of equity acquired/disposed of112,699.0728,188.68
Difference-112,699.077,711.32
Of which: Adjusting capital reserve-112,699.077,711.32
Adjusting surplus reserve
Adjusting retained earnings
  • 3. Equity in Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises
  • (1) Significant Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises None.
  • (2) Main Financial Information of Significant Joint Ventures None.
  • (3) Main Financial Information of Significant Associated Enterprises None.
  • (4) Summary Financial Information of Insignificant Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises

Unit: RMB

Closing balance/H1 2026Opening balance/H1 2025
Joint ventures:
Total carrying amount of investment185,497,823.30184,806,652.92
The total of following items according to the shareholding proportions
--Net profit691,170.38646,719.77
--Total comprehensive income691,170.38646,719.77
  • (5) Note to the Significant Restrictions on the Ability of Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises to Transfer Funds to the Company

None.

  • (6) The Excess Loss of Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises None.
  • (7) The Unrecognized Commitment Related to Investment to Joint Ventures None.
  • (8) Contingent Liabilities Related to Investment to Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises None.
  • 4. Significant Common Operation None.
  • 5. Equity in the Structured Entity Excluded in the Scope of Consolidated Financial Statements None.
  • 6. Other information None.

XI Government Grants

1. Government Grants Recognized at the Receivable Amount at the End of the Reporting Period
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Reasons for failing to receive government grants in the estimated amount at the expected time
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable
2. Liability Items Involving Government Grants  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Accounting itemsOpening balanceAmount of newly subsidyAmount recorded into nonoperating income in the periodAmount transferred to other income in the periodOther change sClosing balanceRelated to assets/related to income
Deferred income107,447,502.377,011,300.0011,405,401.54103,053,400.83Related to assets
Deferred income9,484,242.701,580,285.574,494,231.126,570,297.15Related to income
3. Government Grants through Profit or Loss  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Accounting itemsH1 2026H1 2025
Other income22,747,629.9923,387,446.31
Finance costs899,951.18

XII The Risk Related to Financial Instruments

  • 1. Various Types of Risks Arising from Financial Instruments The primary financial instruments of the Company include equity investments, held-for-trading financial

assets, receivables financing, bills receivable, accounts receivable, other receivables, other current assets, other debt investments, accounts payable, bills payable, other payables, short-term borrowings, long-term borrowings, etc. The details of each financial instrument see relevant items of Note VII.

The main risks of the Company due to financial instruments were credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk. The operating management of the Company was responsible for the risk management target and the recognition of the policies.

(1) Credit Risk Credit risk was one party of the contract failed to fulfil the obligations and causes loss of financial assets of

the other party. The credit risk the Company faced was selling on credit which leads to customer credit risk.

The Company will evaluate credit risk of new customer, and set credit limit, once the balance of account receivable over credit limit, require the customer to pay or producing and delivering goods shall be approved by the management of the Company.

The Company through monthly aging analysis of account receivable and monitoring the collection situation of the customer ensured the overall credit risk of the Company was in control scope. Once appear abnormal situation, the Company should conduct necessary measures to requesting the payment timely.

(2) Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is referred to their risk of incurring capital shortage when performing settlement obligation in the way of cash payment or other financial assets. The policies of the Company are to ensure that there was sufficient cash to pay the due liabilities. The liquidity risk is centralized controlled by the Financial Department of the Company. The liquidity risk is centralized controlled by the Financial Management Department of the

Company. The Financial Management Department through supervising the balance of the cash and securities can be convert to cash at any time and the rolling prediction of cash flow in future 12 months to ensure the Company have sufficient cash to pay the liabilities under the case of all reasonable prediction.

(3) Market Risk Market risk was referred to risk of the fair value or future cash flow of financial instrument changed due to

the change of market price, including: exchange rate risk, interest rate risk and other price risk.

1) Exchange Rate Risk

Exchange rate risk refers to the risk of loss due to exchange rate changes. The Company’s exposure to foreign exchange risk is mainly related to the US dollar and the euro. As at June 30, 2026, the Company’s assets and liabilities were in RMB, except for the balances of USD, EUR, HKD, IDR and THB as set out in this Note VII-81. Foreign Currency Monetary Items. Foreign exchange risk arising from the assets and liabilities of such foreign currency balances may have a certain impact on the Company’s operating results.

The Company made efforts to avoid exchange rate risk through forward exchange settlement, improving operation management and promoting the international competitiveness of the Company, etc.

2) Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk refers to fluctuation risk of the fair value or future cash flow of financial instrument change due to the change of market interest rates. The interest rate risk faced by the Company mainly comes from bank borrowings. By establishing a good bank-enterprise relationship, the Company reasonably designed the credit line, credit variety and credit period, ensured sufficient credit line of banks, and met various long- and short-term financing needs of the Company with preferential loan interest rates. As at June 30, 2026, the Company’s fixed interest rate loan balance was RMB855,299,076.12 , accounting for 100% of the total loan balance. Therefore, the market risk of interest rate changes borne by the Company is not significant.

3) Other Price Risk The Group’s other price risks arise primarily from equity investments, as there is the risk of changes in the

price of equity instruments.

As at June 30, 2026, if the expected prices of the Group’s various equity investments increase or decrease by 1%, and other factors remain unchanged, the Group shall increase or decrease comprehensive income by approximately RMB3,430,399.22 (December 31, 2025: increasing or decreasing comprehensive income by approximately RMB3,437,264.37).

  • 2. Hedge
  • (1) The Company Carries out Hedging Business for Risk Management

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (2) The Company Conducts Eligible Hedging Operations and Applies Hedge Accounting None.
  • (3) The Company Conducts Hedging Operations for Risk Management, Expects to Achieve Its Risk Management Objectives, but Does Not Apply Hedge Accounting

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 3. Financial Assets
  • (1) Classification of Transfer Methods  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

Transfer methodsNature of financial assets transferredAmount of financial assets transferredDerecognitionBasis for determining derecognition
Bills endorsementAccounts receivable financing796,179,954.59YesDue to the low credit risk and deferred payment risk of bank acceptance bills in accounts receivable financing, and the transfer of interest rate risk related to the bills to the bank, it can be concluded that almost all risks and rewards of ownership of the bills have been transferred
Bills discountingAccounts receivable financing241,092,414.91YesAlmost all risks and rewards related to the ownership of the bills have been transferred
Bills endorsementNotes receivable73,423,012.68YesAlmost all risks and rewards related to the ownership of the bills have been transferred
Bills endorsementNotes receivable137,366,359.33NoRetaining almost all risks and rewards, including default risks associated with them
Bills discountingNotes receivable16,182,905.66NoRetaining almost all risks and rewards, including default risks associated with them
Cloud Credit endorsementAccounts receivable1,050,000.00NoRetaining almost all risks and rewards, including default risks associated with them
Total1,265,294,647.17
  • (2) Financial Assets Derecognized due to Transfer  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemMethod of financial assets transferAmount of derecognized financial assetsGains or losses related to derecognition
Accounts receivable financingBills endorsement796,179,954.59
Accounts receivable financingBills discounting241,092,414.91-915,896.65
Notes receivableBills endorsement73,423,012.68
Total1,110,695,382.18-915,896.65
(3) Continuing Involvement in Transferred Financial Assets  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemMethod of assets transferAmount of assets resulting from continued involvementAmount of liabilities resulting from continued involvement
Notes receivable153,549,264.99153,549,264.99
Of which: Bank’s acceptance billBills endorsement152,278,185.39152,278,185.39
Commercial acceptance billBills endorsement1,271,079.601,271,079.60
Accounts receivableCloud Credit endorsement1,050,000.001,050,000.00
Total154,599,264.99154,599,264.99

XIII The Disclosure of Fair Value

1. Closing Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing fair value
Level 1 fair value measurementLevel 2 fair value measurementLevel 3 fair value measurementTotal
I. Consistent fair value measurement--------
(I) Trading financial assets2,106,282.552,106,282.55
1. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss2,106,282.552,106,282.55
(2) Equity investments2,106,282.552,106,282.55
(II) Other debt investments1,143,781,156.831,143,781,156.83
(III) Other equity investments391,758,657.4565,932,543.80457,691,201.25
(IV) Receivable financing467,728,813.47467,728,813.47
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis393,864,940.001,143,781,156.83533,661,357.272,071,307,454.10
(VI) Trading financial liabilities441,690.00441,690.00
Others441,690.00441,690.00
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis441,690.00441,690.00
II. Inconsistent fair value measurement--------
2. Basis for determining the market value of continuing and discontinuing level 1 fair value measurement items

Level 1 fair value measurements are determined based on the market price of equities at the balance sheet date and the mid-price of the RMB exchange rate published by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange as quoted prices in an active market.

3. Continuing and discontinuing Level 2 fair value measurement items, qualitative and quantitative information on the valuation techniques used and significant parameters

The fair value of financial products subscribed by the Group and other debt investments that are measured at fair value is determined by reference to the expected rate of return provided by the financial institutions.

4. Continuing and discontinuing Level 3 fair value measurement items, qualitative and quantitative information on the valuation techniques used and significant parameters
  • (1) The Company measured the investment at cost as a reasonable estimate of fair value because there

were no significant changes in the business environment and operating and financial conditions of the investee companies, GF Bank, Guangdong Embodied Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan Nanhai District United Guangdong New Light Source Industry Innovation Center, Beijing Glory Alliance Semiconductor Lighting Industry Investment Center, Guangdong Rising Hundred Counties, Thousand Towns, and Ten Thousand Villages High Quality Development Project Industrial Investment Fund of Funds Partnership Enterprise (Limited Partnership) and Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.

  • (2) The Company measured the investee, Shenzhen Sinohao (Group) Co., Ltd., at nil as a reasonable

estimate of fair value due to the deterioration of its business environment and operating and financial conditions.

  • (3) The receivables financing represents bank acceptance notes held by the Company with a short

remaining maturity, the face value of which approximates the fair value and the face amount is used to recognize the fair value at the statement date.

5. Sensitiveness Analysis on Unobservable Parameters and Adjustment Information between Beginning and Ending Carrying Value of Consistent Fair Value Measurement Items at Level 3

None.

  • 6. Explain the Reason for Conversion and the Governing Policy when the Conversion Happens if Conversion Happens among Consistent Fair Value Measurement Items at Different Levels

None.

  • 7. Changes in the Valuation Technique in the Period and the Reason for Such Changes None.
  • 8. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value include: monetary assets, accounts receivable and

accounts payable, etc. There is small difference between the carrying amount of above financial assets and liabilities and fair value.

  • 9. Other information None.

XIV Related Party and Related-party Transactions

1. The parent company of the Company
NameRegistration placeNature of businessRegistered capitalProportion of share held by the parent company against the Company (%)Proportion of voting rights owned by the parent company against the Company (%)
Hongkong Wah Shing Holding Company LimitedHong KongInvestmentHKD412.737 million12.85%12.85%
Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.GuangzhouProduction and salesRMB1.662 billion9.35%9.35%
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.GuangzhouInvestmentRMB10 billion8.45%8.45%
Rising Investment Development LimitedHong KongInvestmentRMB0.42 billion and HKD1 million1.66%1.66%
Total32.31%32.31%

Notes to the parent company

Hongkong Wah Shing Holding Company Limited (hereinafter referred to as “Hongkong Wah Shing”), the largest shareholder of the Company, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Guangdong Electronics Information

Industry Group Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Electronics Group”), and Electronics Group and Rising Investment Development Limited (hereinafter referred to as “Hongkong Rising Investment”) are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Rising Holdings Group”). According to the relevant provisions of the Company Law and the Measures for the Administrative Measures on Acquisition of Listed Companies, Hongkong Wah Shing, Electronics Group, and Hongkong Rising Investment are concerted actors of Rising Holdings Group, and Rising Holdings Group is the actual controller of the Company. As at June 30, 2026, the total proportion of shares held by Rising Holdings Group and its concerted actors was 32.31%.

The final controller of the Company is Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.

  • 2. Subsidiaries of the Company Refer to Note X-1. Equity in Subsidiaries for details.
  • 3. Information on the Joint Ventures and Associated Enterprises of the Company Refer to Note X-3. Equity in Joint Ventures or Associated Enterprises for details of significant joint

ventures or associated enterprises of the Company.

  • 4. Information on Other Related Parties
NameRelationship with the Company
Guangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Digital Technology Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Shenzhen Yueding Precise Machinery Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Urban Services Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Shenzhen Yuepeng Construction Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Primatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.Under same actual controller
Zhuhai Dongjiang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Fenghua New Energy Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Shenzhen Longgang Dongjiang Industrial Waste Treatment Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Commercial Development Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Zhuhai Doumen District Yongxingsheng Environmental Industry Waste Recovery and Comprehensive Treatment Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Foshan Fulong Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Jiangmen Dongjiang Environmental Company LimitedUnder same actual controller
Guangdong Yixin Changcheng Construction GroupUnder same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Hydrogen Energy Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangzhou Haixinsha Industrial Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller (deregistered on May 27, 2026)
Guangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangzhou Huajian Business Development Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Ramada Pearl Hotel GuangzhouUnder same actual controller
Guangzhou Changjian Property Management Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
PROSPERITY LAMPS & COMPONENTS LTDShareholder owning over 5% shares
Traxon Technologies LimitedEnterprise controlled by related natural person
Prosperity (China) Electrical Company LimitedEnterprise controlled by related natural person
Guangdong Rising Commercial Factoring Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Zhuyuan Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Shandong Zhongjin Lingnan Copper Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Shantou Rising Infrastructure Construction Investment Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangzhou Wanshun Investment Management Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Nanning Ruixiang Industrial Investment Co., Ltd.Enterprise significantly affected by related natural person
Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Zhongjin Lingnan Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Huajian Engineering Construction Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Rising Research and Development Institute Co., Ltd.Under same actual controller
Guangdong Semiconductor Device FactoryUnder same actual controller
  • 5. List of Related-party Transactions
  • (1) Information on Acquisition and Sales of Goods, Provision and Reception of Labor Service Information on acquisition of goods and reception of labor service:

Unit: RMB

Related partyContentH1 2026The approval trade creditWhether exceed trade credit or notH1 2025
Guangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.Purchase of materials1,089,616.3725,300,000.00No2,042,234.00
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service640,167.241,333,182.30
Guangzhou Huajian Business Development Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service112,523.60112,044.02
Guangzhou Haixinsha Industrial Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service23,485.321,373,791.75
Zhuhai Dongjiang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service11,275.2981,304.53
Guangdong Rising Commercial Factoring Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service8,342.75
Shenzhen Longgang DongjiangReceiving labor service4,069.0322,058.15
Industrial Waste Treatment Co., Ltd.
Zhuhai Doumen District Yongxingsheng Environmental Industry Waste Recovery and Comprehensive Treatment Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service3,584.917,907.50
Jiangmen Dongjiang Environmental Company LimitedReceiving labor service2,751.872,169.81
Guangdong Rising Hydrogen Energy Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service1,177.5481,637.17
Guangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service982.30
Shenzhen Yuepeng Construction Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service333,072.46
Foshan Fulong Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service3,021.30
Shenzhen Yueding Precise Machinery Co., Ltd.Purchase of materials7,028,149.3129,700,000.00No191,766.31
Guangdong Rising Digital Technology Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service3,302,471.33
Primatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.Receiving labor service256,436.28216,716.81
Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.Purchase of materials254,646.011,911.50
Guangdong Fenghua New Energy Co., Ltd.Purchase of materials49,439.10
Shenzhen Yueding Precise Machinery Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service19,033.6464,955.76
Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.Receiving labor service60,156.76
GuangdongReceiving labor57,430.97
Fenghua New Energy Co., Ltd.service
Guangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.Purchase of materials4,694,528.4927,730,000.00No3,762,628.44
Guangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service3,164,516.1413,600,000.00No3,935,965.99
Guangdong Rising Urban Services Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service289,623.50582,602.76
Guangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service129,798.83109,742.88
Guangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.Purchase of materials23,954.73
Ramada Pearl Hotel GuangzhouReceiving labor service2,670.9135,725.28
Guangzhou Changjian Property Management Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service2,338.02
Guangdong Rising Commercial Development Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service38,879.99
PROSPERITY LAMPS & COMPONENTS LTDPurchase of materials1,000,000.00No40,604.45
Guangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service17,632,116.35No18,348,623.85
Guangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.Receiving labor service3,588,617.94No1,358,026.48
Guangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd.Receiving labor serviceNo49,179,363.76
Total42,336,316.8097,330,000.00No83,377,524.98

Information of sales of goods and provision of labor service:

Unit: RMB

Related partyContentH1 2026H1 2025
Guangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.Sale of products6,262,841.434,728,179.44
PROSPERITY LAMPS & COMPONENTS LTDSale of products4,829,478.034,405,252.25
Primatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.Sale of products963,249.56973,112.50
Guangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.Sale of products841,533.90
Guangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.Sale of products233,964.27411,591.87
Traxon Technologies LimitedSale of products112,130.292,298,878.91
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.Sale of products92,780.53
Guangdong Rising Digital Technology Co., Ltd.Sale of products81,314.16
Guangzhou Wanshun Investment Management Co., Ltd.Sale of products59,565.75
Guangdong Yixin Changcheng Construction GroupSale of products29,502.11
Guangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.Sale of products26,236.95
Guangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.Sale of products6,675.56
Prosperity (China) Electrical Company LimitedSale of products2,070.35
Guangdong Zhuyuan Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.Sale of products31,156.00
Guangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.Sale of products2,953.27
Guangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.Providing labor services5,963,302.78
Guangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.Providing labor services119,700.25
Guangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.Providing labor services6,625.09
Guangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.Providing labor services33.96
Primatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.Providing labor services22,166.04
Total19,631,004.9712,873,290.28

Notes:

1) The pricing policy for related-party transactions between the Company and its related parties is as follows:

The pricing of related-party transactions should be market-oriented and subject to the market prices when such a transaction occurs. The relevant funds should be paid on time according to the actual transaction.

2) The related-party transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries and between subsidiaries have been offset during report consolidation.

(2) Information on Related-party Trusteeship/Contract Lists of trusteeship/contract:

None. Lists of entrust/contractee:

Unit: RMB

Name of the entruster/contra cteeName of the entrustee/ contractorTypeStart dateDue datePricing basisCharge recognized in this Reporting Period
Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.Guangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.December 30, 2020December 31, 2022
Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.Guangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd.June 23, 2021December 23, 2022
Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.Guangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.January 1, 2025December 31, 2034

Notes:

  • 1. The Company’s subsidiary Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. entered into the General

Contracting Contract of NationStar Optoelectronics for the Survey, Design, and Construction of the Geely Industrial Park with Guangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd., Guangdong Architectural Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., and CSIC International Engineering Co., Ltd. on December 30, 2020. The above parties take charge of the survey, design, and construction of the Geely Industrial Park. The total price of the contract is RMB509.2925 million. As at the end of the Reporting Period, the construction had been completed and accepted, but the final settlement had not yet been completed.

  • 2. On June 23, 2021, the Company’s subsidiary Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. signed a

General Contract for Design and Construction of the Decoration Engineering of Kelian Building with Guangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd. and Guangdong Architectural Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. The aforementioned companies were responsible for the interior design and construction of the building. The tentative total contract value was RMB189.0702 million, with a planned total construction period of 240 calendar days (Design period: 60 days; construction period: 210 days for Building 2 and 240 days for Building 1). To date, the project has been completed and accepted, and the final settlement is underway.

  • 3. On April 21, 2023, the Company’s subsidiary Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. signed

the Kelian Building Operation and Leasing Service Contract and the Kelian Building Property Management Service Contract with Huajian Group. The industrial (R&D center) area (located in Building 1), commercial (service apartments), commercial (shops), and part of the underground parking lot, totaling 70,340.04 square meters, were entrusted to Huajian Group for operation and leasing. The operation and leasing service period is

  • 10 years from January 1, 2025.
(3) Information on Related-party Lease The Company was lessor:

Unit: RMB

Name of lesseeCategory of leased assetsThe lease income confirmed in the Reporting PeriodThe lease income confirmed in the same period of last year
Guangdong Rising Research and Development Institute Co., Ltd. and its majorityowned subsidiariesPlant192,198.66746,120.71

The Company served as the lessee:

Unit: RMB

Name of lessorType of assets leasedRental expenses of short-term lease simplified treated and low-value asset lease (if applicable)Variable lease payments not included in the measurement of lease liabilities (if applicable)Paid rentIncome expense of lease liabilities undertakenIncreased right-ofuse assets
H1 2026H1 2025H1 2026H1 2025H1 2026H1 2025H1 2026H1 2025H1 2026H1 2025
Guangd ong Rising Comme rcial Develo pment Co., Ltd.Buildin gs and structur es31,706. 0013,312. 481,057,2 13.99
Guangd ong Rising Holdin gs Group Co., Ltd.Buildin gs and structur es2,221,7 20.102,406,8 64.12136,412 .27221,988 .14
Nannin g Ruixian gBuildin gs and structur8,000.0 06,000.0 0
Industri al Investm ent Co., Ltd.es
  • (4) Information on Related-party Guarantee None.
  • (5) Information on Inter-bank Lending of Capital of Related Parties None.
  • (6) Information on Assets Transfer and Debt Restructuring by Related Party None.
  • (7) Information on Remuneration for Key Management Personnel

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Chairman of the Board397,551.44463,921.43
General Manager380,147.40446,431.33
Secretary of the Board273,000.96500,892.14
Chief Financial Officer362,354.40368,082.70
Others2,383,754.844,023,167.19
Total3,796,809.045,802,494.79

Note: Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the Company Law and the Articles of Association, the Company no longer established a supervisory committee. Consequently, the remuneration for key management personnel disclosed for the period excluded the remuneration for supervisors. To maintain comparability of the financial information, the remuneration for key management personnel disclosed for the prior period has been adjusted accordingly to exclude supervisors’ remuneration, and only the remuneration for directors and senior management was presented.

  • (8) Other Related-party Transactions In accordance with the new Financial Service Agreement signed by the Company in 2026, the maximum

daily deposit balance of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries deposited in Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd. shall not exceed RMB1.7 billion or its equivalent in other currencies, and the general credit limit provided by Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd. for the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries shall not exceed RMB2 billion or its equivalent in other currencies. As of June 30, 2026, the deposit balance of

the Company and its subsidiaries deposited in Guangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd. is RMB1,385,455,100. The undue interest receivable is RMB1,933,900.

  • 6. Amounts Due from and to Related Parties
  • (1) Amounts Due from Related Parties

Unit: RMB

ItemRelated partyClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionGross amountBad debt provision
Monetary capitalaccrued interestGuangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.627,051.762,386,097.69
Other current assets-accrued interestGuangdong Rising Finance Co., Ltd.1,306,859.1336,821.92
Notes receivableGuangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.7,235,887.1150,050.43
Accounts receivableGuangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.6,824,881.73204,746.451,364,775.8040,943.27
Accounts receivableGuangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.3,066,982.2861,339.654,085,558.4681,711.17
Accounts receivableGuangdong Yixin Changcheng Construction Group2,049,187.541,158,378.062,057,688.05952,097.39
Accounts receivableGuangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd.1,234,084.77376,045.303,404,563.06424,210.81
Accounts receivableGuangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.950,933.3228,528.00
Accounts receivableShantou Rising Infrastructure Construction Investment Co., Ltd.746,660.4074,666.04746,660.4074,666.04
Accounts receivableGuangdong Zhuyuan Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.510,276.71153,083.01510,276.71153,083.01
Accounts receivableShenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co., Ltd.504,147.00198,136.10504,147.00151,244.10
Accounts receivableGuangdong Zhongjin Lingnan Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.138,827.0041,648.10138,827.0041,648.10
Accounts receivableTraxon Technologies Limited108,165.403,244.96186,687.475,600.62
Accounts receivableGuangdong Huajian Engineering Construction Co.,44,297.0044,297.0044,297.0044,297.00
Ltd.
Accounts receivableGuangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.3,358.3967.17
Accounts receivableGuangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.3,337.20333.72158,114.2046,533.22
Accounts receivablePROSPERITY LAMPS & COMPONENTS LTD1,430,261.2142,907.84
Accounts receivableShandong Zhongjin Lingnan Copper Co., Ltd.10,286.001,028.60
Other receivablesGuangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.1,241,966.4142,456.241,097,753.7379,968.99
Other receivablesGuangdong Semiconductor Device Factory816,441.49816,441.49816,441.49816,441.49
Other receivablesGuangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.802,324.0465,109.88589,341.7258,689.87
Other receivablesGuangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.126,882.263,806.47
Other receivablesNanning Ruixiang Industrial Investment Co., Ltd.5,000.002,500.005,000.001,500.00
Other receivablesGuangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.1,228.0236.84
Other receivablesGuangdong Rising Urban Services Co., Ltd.50.001.5050.001.00
PrepaymentsGuangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.108,000.001,526.84
PrepaymentsProsperity (China) Electrical Company Limited39,428.0039,428.00
PrepaymentsGuangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.5,000.00
PrepaymentsGuangdong Rising Urban Services Co., Ltd.25,179.20
Total28,501,256.963,274,865.9819,689,833.383,016,572.52
(2) Amounts Due to Related Parties

Unit: RMB

ItemRelated partyGross amount at period-endGross amount at periodbeginning
Notes payableGuangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.5,247,925.614,762,313.67
Notes payableShenzhen Yueding Precise Machinery Co., Ltd.1,857,450.49567,107.38
Notes payableGuangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.399,325.00300,000.00
Notes payableGuangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.230,974.40375,707.77
Accounts payableGuangdong Zhongren Group Construction Co., Ltd.13,286,596.4830,918,712.83
Accounts payableGuangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.6,019,994.766,577,618.93
Accounts payableShenzhen Yueding Precise Machinery Co., Ltd.5,898,129.13541,449.62
Accounts payableShenzhen Yuepeng Construction Co., Ltd.1,381,887.301,381,887.30
Accounts payableGuangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.872,801.68981,780.71
Accounts payablePrimatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.292,200.502,427.50
Accounts payableGuangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.189,945.16393,877.11
Accounts payableGuangdong Fenghua New Energy Co., Ltd.49,439.10
Accounts payableGuangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.39,344.2956,677.20
Accounts payableGuangdong Rising Cultural Industry Development Co., Ltd.33,600.4241,732.52
Accounts payableGuangzhou Haixinsha Industrial Co., Ltd.5,870.00
Accounts payableNanning Ruixiang Industrial Investment Co., Ltd.2,000.002,000.00
Accounts payableShenzhen Longgang Dongjiang Industrial Waste Treatment Co., Ltd.8,360.98
Accounts payableZhuhai Dongjiang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.1,279.98
Other payablesNanning Ruixiang Industrial Investment Co., Ltd.55,046,577.4867,046,577.48
Other payablesGuangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd.34,923,374.7353,974,917.16
Other payablesGuangdong Huajian Enterprise Group Co., Ltd.7,680,123.454,593,253.20
Other payablesGuangdong Rising Holdings Group Co., Ltd.558,369.568,002.41
Other payablesGuangdong Rising Catering Services Co., Ltd.378,000.00429,240.00
Other payablesGuangdong Rising Digital Technology Co., Ltd.345,995.30271,989.10
Other payablesGuangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.87,882.13182,140.00
Other payablesShenzhen Yuepeng Construction Co., Ltd.50,538.68549,689.05
Other payablesGuangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.35,015.0735,015.07
Other payablesPrimatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.13,624.0013,624.00
Other payablesGuangdong Electronics Information Industry Group Ltd.5,000.005,000.00
Other payablesShenzhen Yueding Precise Machinery Co., Ltd.5,000.005,000.00
Other payablesGuangdong Rising Urban Services Co., Ltd.25,179.20
Contract liabilities, other current liabilitiesPROSPERITY LAMPS & COMPONENTS LTD57,088.5058,112.00
Contract liabilities, other current liabilitiesPrimatronix Nanho Technology Ltd.170,449.52
Contract liabilities, other current liabilitiesGuangdong Xintaochip Microelectronics Co., Ltd.91,070.00
Other current liabilitiesNanning Ruixiang Industrial Investment Co., Ltd.1,100,000.00
Other current liabilitiesGuangdong Zhongnan Construction Co., Ltd.4,000,000.00
Other current liabilitiesGuangdong Fenghua Advanced Technology (Holding) Co., Ltd.158,791.43
Total140,094,073.22174,530,983.12
7. Commitments of Related Parties
No.CommitmentPromisorDate of commitment makingTerm of commitmentFulfillment
1About avoidance of horizontal competitionElectronics Group and Hong Kong Rising InvestmentDecember 4, 2015Long-termOngoing
Rising Holdings GroupNovember 4, 2021Long-termOngoing
Rising Holdings Group, Rising Capital, and Hongkong Wah ShingOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
2About reduction and regulation of related-party transactionsElectronics Group and Hong Kong Rising InvestmentDecember 4, 2015Long-termOngoing
Rising Holdings GroupNovember 4, 2021Long-termOngoing
Rising Holdings Group, Rising Capital, and Hongkong Wah ShingOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
3About independenceElectronics Group and Hong Kong Rising InvestmentDecember 4, 2015Long-termOngoing
Rising Holdings GroupNovember 4, 2021Long-termOngoing
4About effective performance of measures to fill up returnsRising Holdings Group, Rising Capital, Electronics Group, Hongkong Wah Shing, Hong Kong Rising Investment and Shenzhen Rising InvestmentOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
5About compensation for possible violations of laws and regulations by NATIONSTAR OPTOELECTRONICSRising Holdings Group, Electronics Group, and Rising CapitalOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
6About the truthfulness, accuracy and completeness of the information provided during this major asset restructuringRising Holdings Group, Electronics Group, and Rising CapitalOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
Director and senior management office of FSLOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
7About the clarity of the underlying assets of this major asset restructuringElectronics GroupOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
Rising Holdings Group and Rising CapitalOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
8About measures to fill up returns for risks arising from diluting immediate return in major asset restructuringDirector and senior management office of FSLOctober 27, 2021Long-termOngoing
9About the measures to fill up immediate returns diluted by the issuance of A-shares to specific objects in 2023Director and senior management office of FSLMarch 14, 2023Long-termOngoing
10About matters on special self-inspection of the real estate businessDirectors and senior management of FSL, Rising Holdings Group, Electronics Group, Hongkong Wah Shing, Hong Kong Rising InvestmentMarch 14, 2023Long-termOngoing
11About the effective fulfillment of measures taken by controlling shareholders and de facto controller to fill up immediate returnsRising Holdings Group, Electronics Group, Hongkong Wah Shing, Hong Kong Rising InvestmentMarch 14, 2023Long-termOngoing
  • 8. Other information None.
  • XV Share-based Payment None.
  • XVI Commitments and Contingencies
  • 1. Significant Commitments Significant commitments on the balance sheet date

Commitments of the development of Haikou plot In November 2021, Hainan Technology, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, acquired an industrial land located in Mei’an Science and Technology New City, Haikou, with a land area of 34,931.13 square meters and a land price of RMB26,596,784.43. In the same month, Hainan Technology signed the Agreement on Industrial Project Development and Land Access with Haikou National High-tech Industrial Development Zone Management Committee (hereinafter referred to as the “Haikou Development Zone Management Committee”). The agreement stipulates that the above-mentioned plot is used for the development of marine lighting R&D and manufacturing base projects, and the investment of fixed assets is approximately RMB314 million (including plants, equipment, and land, equivalent to RMB6 million per mu. Hainan Technology promises to complete the planning scheme design within two months from the date of signing the Confirmation of Listing and Transferring the Right to Use State-owned Construction Land; complete the construction drawing design within three months after completing the planning scheme design and obtain the Building Construction Permits and start construction at the same time (subject to the foundation concrete pouring of the main buildings).The project will be put into production within 18 months from the date of signing the Confirmation of Listing and Transferring the Right to Use State-owned Construction Land. From the date of signing the contract to the first year after the project is put into production, the accumulated tax payment is not less than RMB10 million; the accumulated tax payment in the first two years is not less than RMB27.4 million; the accumulated tax payment in the first three years is not less than RMB67.1 million; the accumulated tax payment in the first four years is not less than RMB117 million; the accumulated tax payment in the five years is not less than RMB203 million. The total industrial output value (or revenue) in the first year after the project is put into production is not less than RMB218 million; the accumulated value in the first two years is not less than RMB433 million; the accumulated value in the first three years is not less than RMB929 million; the accumulated value in the first four years is not less than RMB1.548 billion; the accumulated value in the five years is not less than RMB2.62 billion. If the project fails to start construction within 12 months from the date of signing the Confirmation of Listing and Transferring the Right to Use State-owned Construction Land due to Hainan Technology reasons, the Haikou Development Zone Management Committee has the right to unilaterally terminate the contract and the municipal government will recover the land use rights according to law; if the total amount of tax paid in the year after the project is put into production does not reach the total annual tax payment as agreed, Hainan Technology shall pay liquidated damages to the Haikou Development

Zone Management Committee according to the difference; if Hainan Technology has idle land not due to government reasons and force majeure, the municipal government shall collect idle land fees or recover the right to use state-owned construction land. As at the date of this report, the first phase of the Hainan Industrial Park has been completed and put into production.

  • 2. Contingencies
  • (1) Significant Contingency on Balance Sheet Date

1) Litigation between the Company and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Foshan Branch

In April 2023, the Company engaged in foreign exchange options business with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, Foshan Branch (hereinafter referred to as “ICBC Foshan”). A dispute arose due to transaction differences, and as per the agreement, ICBC Foshan was required to compensate for a difference of RMB15.8834 million. In April 2025, the Company filed a lawsuit with the People’s Court of Chancheng District, Foshan. The case was heard in the first instance in June 2025. In November 2025, the Company received the first-instance judgment, which ordered ICBC Foshan to compensate the Company for its loss of RMB15.8834 million plus interest. In November 2025, the Company received the notice of appeal filed by ICBC Foshan. The second-instance hearing was originally scheduled for January 2026, but ICBC Foshan applied to the court for an adjournment and entered into a settlement. In April 2026, the Company received compensation of RMB4.95 million from ICBC Foshan. As at the date of this report, this matter is still being dealt with.

2) Litigation between the Company and Guangdong Huadeng Law Firm In September 2017, the Company entered into a legal service agency agreement with Guangdong Huadeng Law Firm (hereinafter referred to as “Huadeng Law Firm”), under which Huadeng Law Firm agreed to represent the Company in the first-instance and second-instance trials and enforcement proceedings relating to the dispute arising from the sales contract with the distributor Beijing Zhongao Zhengshi Lighting Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Beijing Zhongao Company”) and Jiang Zhenghao, and to pay legal fees of RMB0.109 million. In September 2017, the Chancheng District People’s Court rendered the firstinstance judgment, ordering Beijing Zhongao Company to pay RMB14.2208 million plus liquidated damages, with Jiang Zhenghao bearing joint and several liability. In May 2018, Beijing Zhongao Company and Jiang Zhenghao filed an appeal. In July 2018, the Foshan Intermediate People’s Court accepted the case for filing, and in October 2021, it rendered the second-instance judgment, ordering Beijing Zhongao Company to pay the

principal of RMB11.2208 million plus liquidated damages, with Jiang Zhenghao bearing joint and several liability. In December 2021, the Company applied to the court for enforcement. In the process of asset preservation, due to a material dereliction of duty on the part of the lawyers, two of Jiang Zhenghao’s properties were not promptly reapplied for sealing upon the expiry of the sealing period, enabling Jiang Zhenghao to transfer such assets (with an estimated value of approximately RMB11.85 million), which ultimately prevented the Company from recovering the outstanding debts. In February 2022, the Company terminated its engagement with Huadeng Law Firm. In June 2024, the Company sent a letter to Huadeng Law Firm requesting an explanation for its failure to promptly apply for a renewal of the seal on Jiang Zhenghao’s properties. However, to date, no feedback has been received from Huadeng Law Firm. In June 2025, the Company filed a lawsuit with the Chancheng District People’s Court in Foshan, seeking a judgment ordering Huadeng Law Firm to compensate for the losses of RMB11.35 million arising from its failure to timely renew the sealing, together with interest on the overdue compensation. In August 2025, the court served the Notice of Asset Preservation stating that RMB1.3 million of Huadeng Law Firm’s funds had been frozen. In September 2025, the first-instance hearing of this case was held. In April 2026, the court delivered the first-instance judgment, ordering Huadeng Law Firm to compensate the Company for its losses of RMB0.5 million, refund legal fees of RMB10,000, with its partners bearing joint and several liability. On May 19, 2026, the Company filed an appeal and the appeal was accepted for filing; on May 22, 2026, Huadeng Law Firm also filed an appeal. In July 2026, the court completed the renewal of the freeze order, increasing the frozen amount in Huadeng Law Firm’s bank account to RMB2.26 million. As at the date of this report, the case is awaiting the scheduling of the second-instance hearing by the court.

3) Legal proceeding between the Company and China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Installation Engineering Co., Ltd.

China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Installation Engineering Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “CSCEC Fourth Bureau”), a customer of the Company, is involved in a sales contract dispute with the Company. The Company filed for arbitration with the Guangzhou Arbitration Commission, with a total subject‑matter amount of RMB18.4201 million. The two parties entered into a Settlement Agreement in December 2024, under which part of the indebtedness was settled by transfer of five residential properties, and the remaining outstanding indebtedness was to be settled by cash and commercial acceptance bills. The Company received cash repayment of RMB0.50 million from CSCEC Fourth Bureau in April 2025. Online

filing and record‑filing for the five properties were completed in July 2025. Nevertheless, CSCEC Fourth Bureau failed to pay the remaining cash and commercial acceptance bills in accordance with the Settlement Agreement. In July 2025, the Company applied to the court for continued asset seizure over the bank accounts of CSCEC Fourth Bureau. The court advised that funds totaling RMB20.2943 million in such bank accounts had been fully seized. Hearings for the case were held in October and November 2025. In March 2026, the Company received an arbitral award for one of the cases, ordering CSCEC Fourth Bureau to pay the Company overdue trade receivables of RMB9.9893 million plus losses arising from delayed payment. In May 2026, the Company received the arbitral award for the other case, ordering CSCEC Fourth Bureau to pay the Company overdue trade receivables of RMB0.3044 million plus losses arising from delayed payment. Claims for receivables to be settled via property‑in‑kind settlement were not upheld in the arbitral awards. The Company instituted separate litigation in May 2026 in respect of such portion. As of the date of this Report, the court has not yet accepted the case.

(2) In Despite of no Significant Contingency to Disclose, the Company Shall Also Make Relevant Statements

There was no significant contingency in the Company.

  • 3. Other information
  • (1) As of June 30, 2026, the guarantee of Liaowang Auto Lamp and its subsidiaries was as follows (RMB’0,000):
No.Principal debtorPrincipal debtee (Lender)GuarantorType of guaranteeGuarantee amountGuarantee balance
1Chongqing Guinuo Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. (note 1)Chongqing Branch of Industrial BankChongqing Guinuo Lighting Technology Co., Ltd.Mortgage7,000.001,959.57
Total——————7,000.001,959.57

Note 1: Chongqing Guinuo and Chongqing Branch of Industrial Bank entered into the Fixed Asset Loan Contract (X.Y.Y.K.G.G.N.G. No. 2025001), with the contract amount being RMB24 million (from October 10, 2025 to October 9, 2028). As at June 30, 2026, RMB19.5957 million had been used. Chongqing Guinuo and Chongqing Branch of Industrial Bank entered into the Maximum Mortgage Contract (X.Y.Y.K.G.G.N.D. No. 2025001). Chongqing Guinuo provides mortgage guarantee with the immovable property owned as collateral, and the balance of its creditor’s rights does not exceed the maximum mortgage principal of RMB120 million. The mortgage amount is valid from June 23, 2025 to June 22, 2027 and the guarantee amount is RMB70 million.

The mortgaged properties are a) Y. (2020) L.J.X.Q.B.D.C.Q. No.000436821, b) Y. (2020) L.J.X.Q.B.D.C.Q. No.000437330, c) Y. (2020) L.J.X.Q.B.D.C.Q. No.000437429 and d) Y. (2020) L.J.X.Q.B.D.C.Q. No.000437448.

(2) As of June 30, 2026, the guarantee of Hule Electrical was as follows (RMB’0,000):
No.Principal debtorPrincipal debtee (Lender)GuarantorType of guaranteeGuarantee amountGuarantee balance
1Zhejiang Hule Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Agricultural Bank of China Limited, Jiaxing Nanhu Sub-branchZhejiang Hule Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Mortgaged2,000.001,968.14
Total——————2,000.001,968.14

Note 1: Hule Electrical entered into Maximum Mortgage Contract (No. 33100620230099053) with Jiaxing Nanhu Sub-branch of the Agricultural Bank of China. Under the contract, Hule Electrical pledged its real estate assets as collateral to secure debts, with the maximum secured principal not exceeding RMB31.18 million. The guaranteed amount is RMB20 million. The mortgage contract is valid from August 21, 2023 to August 20, 2028. The mortgaged properties are: a) Property Ownership Certificate No. 00479600, Nanhu District, Jiaxing; b) Property Ownership Certificate No. 00479599, Nanhu District, Jiaxing.

XVII Events after Balance Sheet Date

  • 1. Significant Non-adjusted Events None.
  • 2. Distribution of Profit None.
  • 3. Sales Return None.
  • 4. Notes to Other Events after Balance Sheet Date

(1) Subscription for A-shares issued by the majority-owned subsidiary, NationStar Optoelectronics, in 2025 to specific subjects

The Company’s majority-owned subsidiary, Foshan NationStar Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (stock name: NationStar Optoelectronics, stock code: 002449), plans to issue no more than 185,543,150 A-shares (inclusive) to specific subjects, raising a total of no more than RMB970.1239 million (inclusive). The Company plans to use its own funds (excluding the raised funds) to subscribe to the A-shares issued by NationStar Optoelectronics

to specific subjects, with an investment amount of RMB116 million (The final number of shares to be subscribed by the Company will be determined based on the actual placing price of NationStar Optoelectronics). The Company signed a Share Subscription Agreement with conditions for effectiveness and issued related commitments. On May 14, 2026, NationStar Optoelectronics’ application for the issuance of shares to specific subjects received the registration approval from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC).

XVIII Other Significant Events

  • 1. The Accounting Errors Correction in Previous Period None.
  • 2. Debt Restructuring No such cases in the Reporting Period.
  • 3. Assets Replacement None.
  • 4. Pension Plans In accordance with provisions of Measures for Enterprise Annuity (RSBL No. 36), Measures for Managing

Enterprise Annuity Fund (RSBL No. 11) and other policies, the Company has formulated the Enterprise Annuity Plan of Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the “Plan”).

The Plan adopts the corporate trusteeship mode. The collected enterprise annuity fund will be managed by the trustee entrusted by Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. with the Enterprise Annuity Fund Trusteeship Contract. And the trustee of the enterprise annuity fund will entrust eligible custodians, account managers and investment managers to provide unified related services. The expenses required shall be jointly borne by the Company and the employees. The payment channels of the Company shall be implemented according to relevant regulations of the state, and the part that shall be paid by employees themselves will be withheld and paid by the Company from their salaries.

The Plan has been filed at Chancheng District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Foshan City and implemented since June 1, 2022. The management of the enterprise annuity fund is subject to the supervision and inspection of relevant state departments.

  • 5. Discontinued Operations None.
6. Segment Information
  • (1) Determination Basis and Accounting Policies of Reportable Segment With the deployment of the Company’s strategic management and the expansion of business segments,

operating segments shall be determined based on the requirements of regulatory laws and regulations, company management, etc., which are as follows:

  • 1) General Lighting, Automotive Lamps Products Segment: Research and development, manufacturing

and sales of General Lighting, Automotive Lamps Products

  • 2) LED Packaging and Components, Other Products Segment: Research and development, manufacturing

and sales of LED packaging and components, and other products.

Inter-segment transfer prices are determined with reference to the prices used for sales to third parties, while assets, liabilities and expenses are determined based on the financial data of each segment.

  • (2) The Financial Information of Reportable Segment

Unit: RMB

ItemGeneral lighting and vehicle lamp productsLED packaging and component products and other productsOffset among segmentsTotal
I. Operating revenue2,793,843,014.071,347,995,268.46-46,733,512.104,095,104,770.43
II. Cost of sales2,250,180,023.381,195,303,483.85-46,397,037.513,399,086,469.72
III. Income from investments to joint ventures and associates691,170.38691,170.38
IV. Credit impairment loss-4,776,927.55759,825.5392,574.38-3,924,527.64
V. Asset impairment loss-17,406,113.84-22,478,856.17-39,884,970.01
VI. Depreciation and amortization cost173,265,832.15170,269,536.62-381,130.00343,154,238.77
VII. Total profits72,826,717.04-50,148,255.91166,539.3322,845,000.46
VIII. Income tax expense17,803,718.24-1,535,522.19-47,774.5116,220,421.54
IX. Net profits55,022,998.80-48,612,733.72214,313.846,624,578.92
X. Total assets11,990,932,817.895,691,819,255.15-1,072,578,779.7716,610,173,293.27
XI. Total liabilities4,410,263,454.951,933,359,681.56-86,732,415.016,256,890,721.50
  • (3) If there Was no Reportable Segment, or the Total Amount of Assets and Liabilities of Each Reportable Segment Could not Be Reported, Relevant Reasons Shall Be Clearly Stated

None.

  • (4) Other notes None.
  • 7. Other Significant Transactions and Events with Influence on Investors’ Decision-making None.
  • 8. Other Information None.

XIX Notes to Main Items in the Financial Statements of the Parent Company

  • 1. Accounts Receivable
  • (1) Disclosure by Aging

Unit: RMB

AgingGross amount at period-endGross amount at period-beginning
Within 1 year (including 1 year)639,143,354.11637,329,945.58
1 to 2 years44,130,343.6655,418,635.10
2 to 3 years51,017,590.6862,178,052.67
Over 3 years116,497,745.71108,920,845.81
3 to 4 years52,843,984.7843,523,314.61
4 to 5 years36,428,736.0449,248,803.98
Over 5 years27,225,024.8916,148,727.22
Total850,789,034.16863,847,479.16
  • (2) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
AmountPercenta ge (%)Amoun tProvision percentag e (%)AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvisio n percenta ge (%)
Account s receivabl e with bad debt provisio n on an individu al basis62,220,3 87.167.31%46,070, 387.1074.04%16,150,0 00.0679,952,6 56.189.26%50,665,4 31.6363.37%29,287,2 24.55
Account s receivabl e with bad debt provisio n on a portfolio basis788,568, 647.0092.69%59,378, 544.097.53%729,190, 102.91783,894, 822.9890.74%56,055,4 58.547.15%727,839, 364.44
Of which:
Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps655,561, 807.7677.06%59,378, 544.099.06%596,183, 263.67641,634, 635.5074.27%56,055,4 58.548.74%585,579, 176.96
Internal business portfolio133,006, 839.2415.63%133,006, 839.24142,260, 187.4816.47%142,260, 187.48
Total850,789, 034.16100.00%105,44 8,931.1 912.39%745,340, 102.97863,847, 479.16100.00%106,720, 890.1712.35%757,126, 588.99

Category name of bad debt provision on an individual basis: Accounts receivable with bad debt provision on an individual basis.

Unit: RMB

NameOpening balanceClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionGross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)Basis for provision
Customer A11,187,337.2011,187,337.2011,187,337.2011,187,337.20100.00%Involved in litigation; recovery is deemed unlikely.
Customer B11,757,964.9811,757,964.9811,684,580.1311,684,580.13100.00%Listed as a judgment debtor and is subject to consumption restrictions; recovery is deemed unlikely.
Total22,945,302.1822,945,302.1822,871,917.3322,871,917.33

Category names of bad debt provision on a portfolio basis: Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps, Internal business portfolio.

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)
Business portfolio of general lighting and auto lamps655,561,807.7659,378,544.099.06%
Internal business portfolio133,006,839.24
Total788,568,647.0059,378,544.09

A description of the basis for determining the portfolio: See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. If bad debt provision for accounts receivable is provided for under the general model of expected credit losses:

□ Applicable  Not applicable

(3) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period Bad debt provision during the period:

Unit: RMB

CategoryOpening balanceChanges for the periodClosing balance
ProvisionReversal of writeoffs from prior periodsRecovery or reversalWrite-offOthers
Accounts receivable with bad debt provision on an individual basis50,665,431.63-1,233,166.98870,674.292,491,203.2646,070,387.10
Accounts receivable with bad debt provision on a portfolio basis56,055,458.543,364,769.1441,683.5959,378,544.09
Total106,720,890.172,131,602.16870,674.292,532,886.85105,448,931.19

Of which, bad debt provision with a significant recovered or reversed amount during the period: Not applicable

(4) Accounts Receivable Written off during the Period

Unit: RMB

ItemAmount written off
Accounts receivable written off2,532,886.85

Of which, significant accounts receivable written off: None. Notes to the write-off:

RMB2,532,886.85 of accounts receivable has been written off with the bad debt provision of RMB2,532,886.85, and the approval procedures have been performed in accordance with the Company’s bad debt management system.

(5) Top 5 Balances of Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets by Debtor as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

Name of the entityClosing balance of accounts receivableClosing balance of contract assetsClosing balance of accounts receivable and contract assetsProportion to total closing balance of accounts receivable and contract assetsClosing balance of bad debt provision for accounts receivable and impairment provision for contract assets
No. 188,490,921.5288,490,921.5210.39%2,654,727.65
No. 252,036,388.8852,036,388.886.11%1,561,091.67
No. 348,747,090.8648,747,090.865.72%
No. 437,844,025.8737,844,025.874.44%10,409,064.12
No. 525,218,927.9825,218,927.982.96%
Total252,337,355.11252,337,355.1129.62%14,624,883.44
2. Other Receivables

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Other receivables916,781,984.891,044,883,403.20
Total916,781,984.891,044,883,403.20
  • (1) Interest Receivable None.
  • (2) Dividend Receivable None.
  • (3) Other Receivables
  • 1) Other Receivables Disclosed by Category of Nature

Unit: RMB

NatureGross amount at period-endGross amount at period-beginning
Other transactions905,272,439.701,022,966,230.59
Value-added tax (VAT) export rebates7,578,848.4220,284,110.73
Performance guarantee deposits5,081,598.004,133,876.49
Rent and utilities2,793,414.912,216,607.00
Employee loans and petty cash443,648.38452,430.54
Total921,169,949.411,050,053,255.35
  • 2) Disclosure by Aging

Unit: RMB

AgingGross amount at period-endGross amount at period-beginning
Within 1 year (including 1 year)205,191,647.50219,910,886.64
1 to 2 years141,370,761.69304,579,104.44
2 to 3 years120,229,094.66109,175,173.42
Over 3 years454,378,445.56416,388,090.85
3 to 4 years48,710,591.4236,656,010.56
4 to 5 years403,967,565.27378,194,458.29
Over 5 years1,700,288.871,537,622.00
Total921,169,949.411,050,053,255.35
  • 3) Disclosure by the Bad Debt Provision Method

Unit: RMB

CategoryClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarryin g amount
AmountPercent age (%)AmountProvision percentag e (%)AmountPercenta ge (%)AmountProvision percentag e (%)
Bad debt provisio n on an individu al basis10,933,3 75.001.19%328,001 .253.00%10,605,3 73.7530,302,8 89.952.89%909,086. 703.00%29,393, 803.25
Bad debt provisio n on a portfolio basis910,236, 574.4198.81%4,059,9 63.270.45%906,176, 611.141,019,75 0,365.4097.11%4,260,76 5.450.42%1,015,4 89,599.<br><br>95
Of which:
Deposits and guarante es5,081,59 8.000.55%1,815,1 59.7235.72%3,266,43 8.284,133,87 6.490.39%1,630,51 4.5039.44%2,503,3 61.99
Amount s due from/to related parties888,092, 122.4896.41%67,143. 980.01%888,024, 978.50980,829, 697.4793.41%60,030.0 40.01%980,769 ,667.43
Advance s and others17,062,8 53.931.85%2,177,6 59.5712.76%14,885,1 94.3634,786,7 91.443.31%2,570,22 0.917.39%32,216, 570.53
Total921,169, 949.41100.00 %4,387,9 64.520.48%916,781, 984.891,050,05 3,255.35100.00%5,169,85 2.150.49%1,044,8 83,403.<br><br>20

Category name of bad debt provision on an individual basis: Bad debt provision on an individual basis.

No significant accounts receivable with bad debt provision on an individual basis during the period and the prior period. Category names of bad debt provision on a portfolio basis: Deposits and guarantees, Amounts due from/to related parties, Advances and others.

Unit: RMB

NameClosing balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionProvision percentage (%)
Deposits and guarantees5,081,598.001,815,159.7235.72%
Amounts due from/to related parties888,092,122.4867,143.980.01%
Advances17,062,853.932,177,659.5712.76%
Total910,236,574.414,059,963.27

A description of the basis for determining the portfolio: See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable.

Bad debt provision provided for under the general model of expected credit losses:

Unit: RMB

Bad debt provisionStage 1Stage 2Stage 3Total
12-month expected credit lossLifetime expected credit losses (not credit-impaired)Lifetime expected credit losses (creditimpaired)
Balance as at January 1, 20261,020,609.323,240,156.13909,086.705,169,852.15
Balance as at January 1, 2026 in the period
Provided for during the period-522,986.90322,184.72-581,085.45-781,887.63
Balance as at June 30, 2026497,622.423,562,340.85328,001.254,387,964.52

Basis for classification into stages and provision rates of bad debt provision See Note V-13. Accounts Receivable. Explanation of material changes in gross amount arising from movements in loss allowance during the period

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • 4) Bad Debt Provision Provided for, Recovered or Reversed during the Period Bad debt provision during the period:

Unit: RMB

CategoryOpening balanceChanges for the periodClosing balance
ProvisionRecovery or reversalChargeoff/write-offOthers
Other receivables5,169,852.15-781,887.634,387,964.52
Total5,169,852.15-781,887.634,387,964.52

Of which, bad debt provision with a significant recovered or reversed amount during the period: Not applicable

  • 5) Other Receivables Written off during the Period None.
  • 6) Top 5 Balances of Other Receivables by Debtor as at the End of the Period

Unit: RMB

Name of the entityNatureClosing balanceAgingProportion to total closing balance of other receivables %Closing balance of bad debt provision
Foshan Kelian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.Internal group506,529,231.54Within 5 years54.99%
Fozhao (Hainan) Technology Co., Ltd.Internal group217,045,299.06Within 3 years23.56%
FSL Chanchang Lighting Co., Ltd.Internal group159,960,314.44Within 3 years17.36%
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Foshan BranchOther transactions10,933,375.00Within 3 years1.19%328,001.25
Guangdong Provincial Tax Service, State Taxation AdministrationValue-added tax (VAT) export rebates7,578,848.42Within 1 year0.82%227,365.45
Total902,047,068.4697.92%555,366.70
  • 7) Other receivables Presented due to Centralized Management of Funds None.
  • 3. Long-term Equity Investment

Unit: RMB

ItemClosing balanceOpening balance
Gross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amountGross amountBad debt provisionCarrying amount
Investment to subsidiaries2,428,772,025. 91169,209,359.792,259,562,666. 122,428,772,025. 91169,209,359.792,259,562,666. 12
Investment to joint ventures and associated enterprises185,497,823.30185,497,823.30184,806,652.92184,806,652.92
Total2,614,269,849. 21169,209,359.792,445,060,489. 422,613,578,678. 83169,209,359.792,444,369,319. 04
(1) Investment to Subsidiaries

Unit: RMB

InvesteeOpening balance (carrying amount)Opening balance of impairment provisionChanges for the periodClosing balance (carrying amount)Closing balance of impairment provision
Additional investmentReduced investmentImpairment provisionOthers
Foshan NationStar Optoelectro nics Co., Ltd.1,042,880,8 86.15169,209,35 9.791,042,880,8 86.15169,209,35 9.79
Nanning Liaowang Auto Lamp Co., Ltd.493,880,16 3.76493,880,16 3.76
Fozhao (Hainan) Technolog y Co., Ltd.200,000,00 0.00200,000,00 0.00
Foshan Kelian New Energy Technolog y Co., Ltd.170,000,00 0.00170,000,00 0.00
FSL Chanchang Lighting Co., Ltd.82,507,350. 0082,507,350. 00
Nanjing Fozhao Lighting Component s Manufactur ing Co., Ltd.72,000,000. 0072,000,000. 00
Foshan Electrical & Lighting (Xinxiang) Co., Ltd.35,418,439. 7635,418,439. 76
FSL Zhida Electric Technolog y Co., Ltd.25,500,000. 0025,500,000. 00
Guangdong Fozhao Optoelectro nics Co., Ltd.41,601,600. 0041,601,600. 00
Foshan Fozhao Zhicheng Technolog y Co., Ltd.50,000,000. 0050,000,000. 00
Foshan Taimei Times Lamp Co., Ltd.350,000.00350,000.00
Fozhao Huaguang (Maoming) Technolog y Co., Ltd.22,920,000. 0022,920,000. 00
Foshan Sigma Venture Capital Co., Ltd.4,226.454,226.45
Guangdong Airtrust Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd.22,500,000. 0022,500,000. 00
Total2,259,562,6 66.12169,209,35 9.792,259,562,6 66.12169,209,35 9.79
(2) Investment to Joint Ventures and Associated Enterprises

Unit: RMB

Investe eOpeni ng balanc e (carryi ng amoun t)Openi ng balanc e of impair ment provisi onChanges for the periodClosin g balanc e (carryi ng amoun t)Closin g balanc e of impair ment provisi on
Additi onal invest<br><br>mentReduc ed invest mentInvest ment gains and losses recogn ized under the equity metho dAdjust ment of other compr ehensi ve incom eChang es of other equityCash<br><br>bonus or profits annou nced to issueImpair ment provisi onOthers
I. Joint ventures
II. Associated enterprises
Primat ronix (Nanh o) Electro nics Ltd.184,80 6,652. 92691,17 0.38185,49 7,823. 30
Subtot al184,80 6,652. 92691,17 0.38185,49 7,823. 30
Total184,80 6,652. 92691,17 0.38185,49 7,823. 30

The recoverable amount is determined based on fair value less costs of disposal

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable The recoverable amount is determined based on the present value of the estimated future cash flows
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable Reasons for significant inconsistency between the above-mentioned information and the information adopted in the impairment tests in the prior year or external information

None. Reasons for significant inconsistency between the information adopted in the impairment tests in the prior year and the actual situation in the year

None.

  • (3) Other Notes None.
  • 4. Operating Revenue and Cost of Sales

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Operating revenueCost of salesOperating revenueCost of sales
Main operations1,325,725,235.661,078,392,808.161,340,130,009.751,070,064,893.17
Other operations53,771,464.9851,545,863.9235,583,654.9428,872,339.12
Total1,379,496,700.641,129,938,672.081,375,713,664.691,098,937,232.29

Breakdown of Operating Revenue and Cost of Sales:

Unit: RMB

Type of contractTotal
Operating revenueCost of sales
Type of business
Of which:
General lighting products1,153,047,391.23927,887,802.79
Auto lamps products123,914,794.18106,010,433.55
Trade and other products102,534,515.2396,040,435.74
Total1,379,496,700.641,129,938,672.08
  • 5. Investment Income

Unit: RMB

ItemH1 2026H1 2025
Income from long-term equity investments accounted for using the cost method2,005,200.007,386,452.51
Income from long-term equity investments accounted for using the equity method691,170.38646,719.77
Investment income from disposal of trading financial assets745,950.00215,850.00
Dividend income from other equity investments during the holding period6,309,436.659,249,795.26
Interest income from other debt investments during the holding period10,871,374.8114,067,520.92
Gains on debt restructuring2,612,485.05
Income from wealth management investments and structured deposits2,306,570.88
Total25,542,187.7731,566,338.46
  • 6. Other information None.

XX Supplementary Information

1. Exceptional Gains and Losses  Applicable □ Not applicable

Unit: RMB

ItemAmountNote
Gain or loss on disposal of non-current assets2,841,505.89
Government grants recognized in profit or loss (exclusive of those that are closely related to the Company’s normal business operations and given in accordance with defined criteria and in compliance with government policies, and have a continuing impact on the Company’s profit or loss)20,048,181.03
Gain or loss on fair-value changes in financial assets and liabilities held by a non-financial enterprise, as well as on disposal of financial assets and liabilities (exclusive of the effective portion of hedges that is related to the Company’s normal business operations)-1,110,934.78
Capital occupation charges on nonfinancial enterprises that are recorded into current profit or loss640,302.04
Reverse of provision for impairment of accounts receivable individually conducting impairment test1,000,558.75
Gain or loss on debt restructuring2,612,485.05
Other non-operating income and expenses other than the above8,876,356.86
Less: Income tax effects5,464,207.93
Non-controlling interests effects (after-tax)10,992,954.33
Total18,451,292.58--

Details of other items that meet the definition of exceptional gain/loss:

  • □ Applicable  Not applicable No such cases for the Reporting Period. Explanation of why the Company reclassifies as recurrent an exceptional gain/loss item listed in the Explanatory Announcement No. 1 on Information Disclosure for Companies Offering Their Securities to the Public—Exceptional Gain/Loss Items:
  • □ Applicable  Not applicable
2. Return on Equity and Earnings Per Share
Profit as of Reporting PeriodWeighted average ROE (%)EPS (RMB/share)
EPS-basicEPS-diluted
Net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company0.61%0.02720.0272
Net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company after deduction of non-recurring profit or loss0.34%0.01510.0151
3. Differences between Accounting Data under Domestic and Overseas Accounting Standards
  • (1) Differences of Net Profit and Net Assets Disclosed in Financial Reports Prepared under International and Chinese Accounting Standards

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (2) Differences of Net profit and Net assets Disclosed in Financial Reports Prepared under Overseas and Chinese Accounting Standards

□ Applicable  Not applicable

  • (3) Explain Reasons for the Differences between Accounting Data under Domestic and Overseas Accounting Standards; for any Adjustment Made to the Difference Existing in the Data Audited by the Foreign Auditing Agent, Such Foreign Auditing Agent’s Name Shall Be Clearly Stated

□ Applicable  Not applicable

4. Other Information None.

Yu Zhongmin, legal representative Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. August 21, 2026

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